Standard Welding Terms and Definitions - AWS Bookstore

1 StandardWelding Termsand DefinitionsAWS :2001An American National StandardIncluding Terms for AdhesiveBonding ,Brazing ,Soldering ,Thermal Cutting ,andThermal Spraying550 LeJeune Road, Miami, Florida 33126 AWS :2001An American National StandardApproved byAmerican National standards InstituteJuly 2, 2001 Standard WeldingTerms and DefinitionsIncluding Terms for Adhesive Bonding, Brazing,Soldering, Thermal Cutting, and Thermal SprayingSupersedes ANSI/AWS byAWS A2 Committee on Definitions and SymbolsUnder the Direction ofAWS Technical Activities CommitteeApproved byAWS Board of DirectorsAbstractThis Standard is a glossary of the technical Terms used in the Welding industry. Its purpose is to establish Standard termsto aid in the communication of Welding information.

2 Since it is intended be a comprehensive compilation of Welding termi-nology, nonstandard Terms used in the Welding industry are also included. All Terms are either Standard or are arranged in the conventional dictionary letter-by-letter alphabetical Words Standard Welding terminology, Welding Definitions , brazing, soldering, thermal spraying, thermal cuttingviiTable of ContentsPage of viiiList of and Definitions ..1 Annexes Nonmandatory InformationAnnex A The Definitions Subcommittee Manifesto of B A Guide to C Modifications to from D Guidelines for Preparation of Technical Inquiries for AWS Technical of FiguresFigurePage Types ..472 Flanged Joints .. 483 Spliced Butt Joints.

3 494 Joint Root .. 505 Groove Face, Root Edge, and Root Face .. 516 Bevel Angle, Bevel Face, Depth of Bevel, Groove Angle, Bevel Radius, and Root 527 Edge Shapes .. 548 Single-Groove Welds .. 559 Double-Groove in Flanged Joints .. 6011 Butting and Nonbutting Member or 6112 Split Pipe Weld, Scarf Groove, Weld Joint Mismatch, Root Face Extension, and Consumable Insert .. 6214 Seam Welds and Spot Welds .. 6315 Various Weld 6416A Welding Position Diagram for Groove Welds in Plate .. 6516B Welding Position Diagram for Fillet Welds in Plate .. 6616C Welding Position Diagram for Groove Welds in Pipe ..6717 Welding Test Positions and Their Designations for Groove Welds in Plate .. 6818 Welding Test Positions and Their Designations for Fillet Welds in Plate.

4 6919 Welding Test Positions and Their Designations for Groove Welds in Pipe .. 7120 Welding Test Positions and Their Designations for Fillet Welds in Pipe .. 7221 Position of Beam, Filler Material, Gun, or Torch .. 7422 Weld Bead 7523 Welding Application of a Weld ..7825 Weld Sizes .. 8326 Groove Weld Size and Joint 8727 Melt-Through and Root Surface Profile .. 8928 Complete Fusion .. 9029 Incomplete Fusion ..9130 Fusion Welds .. 9231 Joining without Fusion .. 9332 Weld Discontinuities .. 9433 Crack 9534 Welding Current Polarity .. 9635 Plasma Arc Torch Nomenclature .. 9736 Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Torch Nomenclature .. 9737 Electroslag Welding Process Nomenclature .. 9838 Gas Metal Arc and Flux Cored Arc Welding Gun Nomenclature.

5 9939 Metal Transfer in Gas Metal Arc Welding ..10040 Oxyacetylene Cutting ..10242 Filler Metal Packaging ..10243 Thermal Spraying Surface Preparation ..103ixFigurePage Diagram of Inertia Friction Welding ..10445 Generalized Diagram of Direct Drive Friction Welding ..10546 Typical Arrangements for Multiple Spot Welding ..10647 Typical Arrangements for Single Spot Welds ..10748 Resistance Welding Current Characteristics for Frequency Converter Equipment ..10849 Multiple-Impulse Resistance Spot Welding Schedule ..10950 Single-Impulse Resistance Spot Welding Resistance Welding .. 11052 Typical GTAW or PAW Program for Automatic Welding .. 11253 Typical GMAW, FCAW, and SAW Program for Automatic Welding .. 11254A Master Chart of Welding and Joining 11354B Master Chart of Allied Processes.

6 11455 Joining Method 11556 Fusion Welding Process Classification Chart .. 11657 Solid-State Welding Classification 11758 Brazing and Soldering Classification 118 List of TablesTa b lePage Designations of Welding , Joining, and Allied Processes .. 1192 Alphabetical Cross-Reference to Table 1 by Process ..1213 Alphabetical Cross-Reference to Table 1 by Letter for Optional Use in Applying Welding , Joining, and Allied or Seldom Used Processes ..1236 Joint Type Designators ..123 AWS :20011 Note: Vertical lines preceding Terms indicate wherechanges (additions, modifications, corrections, deletions)from the 1994 edition were made. A single linerepresents a minor or editorial change.

7 Double lines rep-resent a new term or a major indicates Standard Terms , lightface indicatesnonstandard Terms . Terms for Standard Welding processesand for Standard Welding process variations are followedby their Standard letter soldering. A soldering process variation dur-ing which the faying surface of the base metal ismechanically blasting. A method of cleaning or surfaceroughening by a forcibly projected stream of lens. A filter lens designed to attenuate theeffects of glare and reflected and stray light. See alsofilter potential, electron beam Welding and cut-ting. The potential that imparts velocity to the weld. A weld that meets the feather. The intense white, feathery-edgedportion adjacent to the cone of a carburizing oxyacety-lene flame.

8 See Figure core solder. A solder wire or bar containing acidflux as a rosin flux. A rosin base flux containing anadditive that increases wetting by the flux, submerged arc Welding . A flux formulated toproduce a weld metal composition that is dependenton the Welding parameters, especially arc voltage. Seealso alloy flux and neutral throat. The shortest distance between the weldroot and the face of a fillet weld. See Figure 25. Seealso effective throat and theoretical control, adj. pertaining to process control thatautomatically determines changes in process condi-tions and directs the equipment to take appropriateaction. See also automatic, manual, mechanized,robotic, and control brazing.

9 See adaptive control control soldering. See adaptive control control thermal cutting. See adaptive control thermal spraying. See adaptive control Welding . Welding with a process con-trol system that automatically determines changes inwelding conditions and directs the equipment to takeappropriate action. Variations of this term are adaptivecontrol brazing, adaptive control soldering, adap-tive control thermal cutting, and adaptive controlthermal spraying. See Table 4. See also automaticwelding, manual Welding , mechanized Welding ,robotic Welding , and semiautomatic A polymeric material having chemical andphysical properties differing from those of the basematerials, placed at their faying surfaces, to join thematerials together as a result of the attractive forces ofthis polymeric bond.

10 An attraction, generally physical innature, between an adhesive and the base Welding Terms and DefinitionsIncluding Terms for Adhesive Bonding, Brazing,Soldering, Thermal Cutting, and Thermal Spraying