Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda 2021 2027

1 1 Annex to GB decision no. CleanHydrogen-GB-2022-02 CLEAN HYDROGEN JOINT UNDERTAKING Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda 2021 2027 2 Table of contents Executive summary .. 11 1. 17 The European Green Deal and the climate neutrality ambition of Europe .. 17 The role of hydrogen technologies .. 18 The EU hydrogen strategy for a climate-neutral Europe .. 20 The R&I support of hydrogen activities of the European Union .. 23 2. Clean Hydrogen Joint Undertaking .. 25 Mission and vision of the Clean Hydrogen Joint Undertaking .. 25 Objectives of the Clean Hydrogen JU for 2021-2027 .. 26 3. Research and Innovation Activities .. 28 Structure of the Clean Hydrogen JU Programme .. 28 Renewable Hydrogen production .. 29 Electrolysis.

2 30 Other routes of renewable hydrogen production .. 35 Hydrogen storage and distribution .. 38 Hydrogen Storage .. 38 Hydrogen in the Natural Gas Grid .. 41 Liquid Hydrogen Carriers .. 44 Improving Existing Hydrogen Transport means .. 47 Compression, Purification and Metering Solutions .. 49 Hydrogen Refuelling Stations (HRS) .. 52 Hydrogen end uses: Transport applications .. 55 Building Blocks .. 56 Heavy-duty vehicles .. 59 Waterborne applications .. 62 Rail applications .. 67 Aeronautic applications .. 70 Hydrogen end uses: Clean heat and power .. 73 Stationary Fuel Cells .. 75 Turbines, boilers and burners .. 80 Cross-cutting issues .. 83 Sustainability, LCSA, recycling and eco-design .. 84 Education and public Awareness.

3 86 Safety, Pre-Normative Research and Regulations, Codes and Standards .. 89 Hydrogen valleys .. 92 Supply chain .. 95 Strategic Research Challenges .. 99 4. Additional activities .. 100 3 Interface with EU policies and other programmes (Synergies) .. 100 Need to reinforce synergies .. 100 Toolbox to generate funding synergies .. 101 Cooperation mechanisms to deliver synergies .. 102 Cooperation with JRC .. 103 Regulations, Codes and Standards (RCS) Strategy Coordination .. 104 European Hydrogen Safety Panel (EHSP) .. 107 European Hydrogen Sustainability and Circularity Panel (EHS&CP) .. 109 Knowledge management .. 113 (Current) Knowledge activities in previous JUs .. 113 Clean Hydrogen as the Knowledge Hub for Hydrogen in Europe.

4 114 Dissemination & Exploitation of the project results .. 116 The role of small and medium-sized enterprises .. 118 international cooperation strategy .. 119 Communication .. 121 5. Programme implementation .. 123 Budget .. 123 Conditions for participation and eligibility for funding .. 124 Types of action: specific provisions and funding rates .. 126 Rules for participation .. 127 6. Governance .. 128 Main actors: roles and representation .. 128 Governing Board .. 128 Executive Director .. 128 Programme Office .. 129 States Representatives Group .. 129 Stakeholders Group .. 129 7. Programme monitoring and reporting .. 131 8. Modern Administration .. 136 Objective of human resource management .. 136 Main principles of the human resources management of the Clean Hydrogen JU.

5 136 Staff establishment plan and human resources policy of the Clean Hydrogen JU .. 136 Sound financial management .. 136 Assurance and audit .. 137 Financial management .. 137 Internal control and risk management .. 138 Fraud risk management .. 138 Document Management, digital transformation and information management .. 139 Information Management .. 139 Digital Transformation .. 140 4 Document Management .. 141 Sound environmental management .. 142 Annex 1 Programme Level Key Performance Indicators for the Clean Hydrogen for Europe Joint Undertaking .. 143 Annex 2 - State-of-the-art and future targets Renewable Hydrogen production .. 152 Annex 3 - State-of-the-art and future targets Hydrogen storage and distribution.

6 158 Annex 4 - State-of-the-art and future targets Hydrogen end use: transport applications .. 163 Annex 5 - State-of-the-art and future targets Hydrogen end use: stationary applications .. 166 Annex 6 - State-of-the-art and future targets Cross-cutting issues .. 170 Annex 7 Common R&I Roadmaps .. 172 5 Acronyms and abbreviations 2 Zero Towards Zero Emission Road Transport Partnership AC Alternating Current AE Alkaline Electrolyser AEL Alkaline Electrolysis AEMEL Anion Exchange Membrane Electrolysis AFIR Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Regulation APU Auxiliary Power Unit B4P Built4 People European Partnership BoL Beginning of Life BoP Balance of Plant BPP Bipolar Plates BTX Mixtures of Aromatic Hydrocarbons CAPEX Capital Up-front Expenditure (Investment)

7 CC Combined Cycle CCGT Combined Cycle Gas Turbines CCS Carbon, Capture and Storage CCUS Carbon, Capture, Utilisation and Storage CEF Connecting Europe Facility CEM Clean energy Ministerial CEN European Committee for Standardisation CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation CEAP Circular Economy Action Plan CETP Clean energy Transition Partnership CGH2 Compressed Hydrogen Gas CHP Combined Heat and Power CO2 Carbon Dioxide COP United Nations Conference of the Parties COPV Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessel CRM Critical Raw Materials D&E Dissemination and Exploitation DC Direct Current DLE Dry Low Emissions DoE United States Department of energy . EERE is it s Office of energy efficiency & 6 Renewable energy .

8 DRI Direct Reduced Iron EC European Commission, sometimes also shortened to just Commission EoL End of Life ECH2A European Clean Hydrogen Alliance ED Executive Director EHS&CP European Hydrogen Sustainability and Circularity Panel EHSP European Hydrogen Safety Panel EIC European Innovation Council EERA European energy Research Alliance ERA European Research Area ETS Emission Trading System (also seen as EU ETS) EU European Union EU ETS EU Emission Trading System EURAMET European Association of National Metrology Institutes FP European Union s Framework Programmes for Research and technological development. FP7 refers to the seventh programme (period 2007-2013), H2020 to the eighth (period 2014-2020), while Horizon Europe to the ninth (period 2021-2027).

9 FC Fuel Cell FCEV Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle FCH Fuel Cell and Hydrogen FCH (2) JU Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking. FCH 2 JU (2014-2020/Horizon 2020) succeeded FCH JU (2008-2014/FP 7) 1. FCHO Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Observatory, GB Governing Board GDL Gas Diffusion Layer GH2 Gaseous Hydrogen GHG Greenhouse Gases GT Gas Turbine GW Gigawatt. GWe refers to GW electric. H2 Hydrogen H2020 Horizon 2020 1 FCH JU was replaced by FCH 2 JU, which has taken over all rights and obligations of its predecessor. FCH 2 JU is now in turn replaced by the Clean Hydrogen Joint Undertaking. 7 HDV Heavy-Duty Vehicles HDT Heavy-Duty Transport HFP European Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology platform HHV Higher Heating Value HRS Hydrogen Refuelling Station HTCP Hydrogen Technology Collaboration Programme IEA international energy agency IEC international Electrotechnical Commission IMO international Maritime Organisation IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCEI Important Projects of Common European Interest IPHE international Partnership for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in the Economy IRENA international Renewable energy agency ISO international Organisation for Standardisation IT Information Technology JRC Joint Research Centre of the European Commission JU Joint Undertaking.

10 For the scope of this document this acronym is used specifically to refer to the Clean Hydrogen Joint Undertaking. In all other instances or when not obvious the longer name is used. kg Kilogramme KOH Potassium Hydroxide. KPI Key Performance indicator kW Kilowatt; kWth refers to kW thermal. kWh Kilowatt-hour; kWhe refers to kWh electric, while kWhth to kWh thermal. LCA Life-Cycle Assessment LCSA Life-Cycle Sustainability Assessment LCC Life-Cycle Costing LDV Light Duty Vehicles LH2 Liquid Hydrogen LHV Lower Heating Value LNG Liquefied Natural Gas LOHC Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier m , m3 Square Meters, Cubic Meters MEA Membrane Electrode Assembly METI Japan s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.