SulfaTreat, a Business Unit of M­I L.L.C. - GO-TECH

1 sulfatreat , a Business unit of M I A Smith/Schlumberger Company Thomas G. Braga Manager, Research and Development 2004 Copyright M I Who is sulfatreat ? A World Leader in H 2 S Removal for More than a Decade Today there are over 1,000 sulfatreat installations worldwide in more than 20 countries. Almost 3 trillion cubic feet of gas is processed by sulfatreat annually. 2004 Copyright M I sulfatreat Technology Gas Flowrate, MMscfd Gas Flowrate, MMscfd TPD sulfur 25 TPD sulfur Amine/Claus sulfatreat Direct Oxidation sulfatreat Direct Oxidation [H2S] sulfatreat 2004 Copyright M I What is sulfatreat ?

2 sulfatreat is a dry, free flowing iron oxide based media that selectively removes H 2 S and some light mercaptans from vapor and liquid streams. sulfatreat is environmentally non hazardous and safe in unreacted and reacted forms. sulfatreat has uniform shape and size between 4 and 40 mesh. sulfatreat has a density of 70 lbs/ft 3 sulfatreat is available in 50 lb and 2000 lb bags. 2004 Copyright M I sulfatreat Fixed Bed Media 2004 Copyright M I sulfatreat Products Product suitable for low pressure applications and odor control sulfatreat 410 HP Faster reaction rates in water saturated gas streams Gas streams with >80 percent relative humidity Removal of some ethyl and methyl mercaptans sulfatreat HP Similar to Standard product with up to 3 x bed life sulfatreat XLP Standard product sulfatreat 2004 Copyright M I sulfatreat Quality Using SPC methodology.

3 sulfatreat is manufactured to be in control and capable . sulfatreat (410) dP = (% fines) R 2 = % fines ( 30 mesh) dP, psi / ' media (@ 1 cfm lab unit ) EPS dP model 2004 Copyright M I Why is sulfatreat Safe? sulfatreat begins as a safe and stable compound that is environmentally non hazardous . It reacts with H 2 S to form pyrite , also stable compound. sulfatreat meets EPA guidelines for classification as non hazardous waste. 2004 Copyright M I Environmental Impact Spent media samples of representative applications were collected and tested.

4 L Total Metals Method 6010B: Hg, As, Pb, Se, Ba, Cd, Cr, Ag l TCLP Method 6010B: Hg, As, Pb, Se, Ba, Cd, Cr, Ag l Volatile Organics Method 8260B 2004 Copyright M I Environmental Impact "The chemical analyses of these representative samples have shown that in no instance has the spent media absorbed enough material and subsequently released it upon undergoing the hazardous metals test or VOC test to be deemed hazardous waste, as defined by the Environmental Protection Agency. Many states have their own limitations, frequently lower than that of the federal government, that must be adhered to when disposal of a material occurs and this must be investigated in each case in order to ensure compliance.

5 However, the levels obtained by independent analysis thus far are well below currently existing state levels." 2004 Copyright M I How is sulfatreat Used? The sulfatreat System should be placed upstream of dehydration. 2004 Copyright M I How is sulfatreat Used? Typical sulfatreat vessel 2004 Copyright M I Single Vessel Mass Transfer Zone 1 2 3 Time Intervals 2004 Copyright M I What is a Lead/Lag System? The Lead/Lag arrangement allows more efficient use of the sulfatreat material with no interruption in unit service and greater process reliability.

6 2004 Copyright M I Two Vessel Lead Lag Mass Transfer Zone 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Tower # 1 Tower # 2 Time Intervals Time Intervals 2004 Copyright M I Lead/lag advantages More efficient use of sulfatreat Build in guard bed No shutdown during changeout Valve systems allows flexibility 2004 Copyright M I Applications Currently over 1000 applications worldwide. 2004 Copyright M I sulfatreat Fixed Bed Media 2004 Copyright M I sulfatreat Products Removes hydrogen sulfide and some light mercaptans from liquid hydrocarbons sulfatreat HC 2004 Copyright M I sulfatreat HC Uses gasoline industrial water kerosene (non potable)

7 NGL LNG LPG solvents Treatment of clear light liquid hydrocarbons and water 2004 Copyright M I Use Specifications Reduction and conversion of aggressive sulfur contaminants to meet copper strip corrosion test for liquid fuels. Liquid phase treatment for odor control and reduction of total sulfur content 2004 Copyright M I Use Specifications Copper Strip Tarnish Test ASTM D 130 94 Most common goal of SulfaClean HC Use Grade 1 criteria, 1A if necessary 2004 Copyright M I Use Specifications Odor Control Commonly used in solvents Industrial / Process water Reduction of Total Sulfur Content Removal of mercaptans Only methyl and ethyl mercaptans removed 50% reacted 50% converted to disulfides Important in total S reduction 2004 Copyright M I sulfatreat Process 2004 Copyright M I Market Analysis Gas Flowrate, MMscfd Gas Flowrate.

8 MMscfd TPD sulfur 25 TPD sulfur sulfatreat Amine/Claus sulfatreat Direct sulfatreat Direct Oxidation Oxidation 2004 Copyright M I sulfatreat DO Partners Uses a proprietary, patented catalyst developed by TDA Research, Inc. Engineering / Fabrication support from Westfield Engineering. 2004 Copyright M I Direct Oxidation Process Catalytic oxidation of hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur and water. Under properly controlled conditions, little or no SO2 produced. ) ( 2 ) ( 8 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 8 1 5 . 0 g g Catalyst TDA g g O H S O S H + + 2004 Copyright M I AIR INLET GAS SULFUR Feed Preheater Fuel/air Direct Oxidation Reactor Sulfur Condenser Flue gas Liquid knockout sulfatreat OUTLET GAS Process Flow Diagram 1.

9 Liquid is separated 2. Gas is heated to 350 F &air injected if necessary 3. 85 95% of H2S is catalyzed to gaseous sulfur 4. Gas is cooled to 200 to 250 Fto condense liquid sulfur Sulfur Quench 5. Sulfur mist is removed 6. H 2 S is polished. 2004 Copyright M I Catalyst Development Laboratory bench scale testing Field bench scale testing Field full scale Pilot Test The commercial catalyst has been developed and tested under the following conditions. 2004 Copyright M I 1,200+ hour continuous operation: l Gas Source: Associated gas l Flow Rate.

10 Up to 710 Nm 3 /hr l Operating Conditions H 2 S 20% methane 15% ethane 10% propane Balance CO 2 >2300 ppm BTEX ~100 ppm mercaptans 400 lbs/day of sulfur Pilot Test Heater Reactor Condenser 2004 Copyright M I Full Scale Pilot Test Actual unit Sulfur condenser Reactor Electric heater attaches here Flare line Gas inlet not attached in this photo Sulfur storage pots Sulfur condenser Reactor Electric heater attaches here Flare line Gas inlet not attached in this photo Sulfur storage pots 2004 Copyright M I Full Scale Pilot Test unit Process Conditions Reaction Temperature 90 92 94 96 98 100 180 185 190 195 200 205 210 Temperature ( C) H S conversion (%) 80 84 88 92 96 100 S selectivity (%) 2004 Copyright M I Full Scale Pilot Test unit Process Conditions Sulfur Dew Point 0 50 100 150 200 250 File: C.