Susterra(r) propanediol synthetic leather overview

1 Susterra propanediol synthetic leather May 11, 2016. Who is DuPont Tate & Lyle? DTL is a joint venture formed in 2004 between DuPont and Tate & Lyle to produce 1,3 propanediol (PDO) from corn starch, a sustainable & renewable resource DuPont is a world leader in science and Tate and Lyle is a global provider of innovation across a range of disciplines, renewable ingredients, solutions including agriculture and industrial and services to the food, beverage biotechnology, chemistry, biology, and industrial customers. materials science and manufacturing. Revenues were $ billion for CY2015 revenues were $35 billion. Fiscal Year ending March 31, 2015. 2 Confidential Process Technology Renewably sourced feedstocks are harvested, fermented, and refined to manufacture Susterra propanediol . Harvest Fermentation Refining Renewably sourced Glucose is converted into The 1,3 propanediol is refined feedstocks are harvested, dried 1,3 propanediol using to a final purity of by and then wet-milled to create a patented microorganism deactivating and removing a range of carbohydrate rich under exact temperatures the microorganism, water, feedstocks such as glucose.

2 And conditions. and other byproducts. 3 Confidential Production Biotechnology enables our global headquarters and production in Loudon, Tennessee to produce a stable supply of renewably sourced 1,3 propanediol Awards Production 2003 EPA Presidential Green Chemistry Award Started November 2006. 2007 ACS Heroes of Chemistry Award Capacity expanded 35% in 2010. 2009 ACS-BIOT Industrial Biotechnology Award Current Capacity = 140 million lb. 2010 State of Tennessee Governor's Award for Trade Excellence 4 Confidential Susterra propanediol Process Flow Fermentation CO2-enriched air Product Storage Dextrose Tanks Air Distillation Separations Water Biocatalyst Nutrients Water Bioresiduals Recycle Trace Susterra . Impurities Not Meet Specification 1,3- propanediol QC. Meet Quality Checks Specification World's largest PDO Purity (GC).

3 Color (Hazen). E. coli fermentation Water (Karl Fischer). Appearance (Visual). 5 Confidential Re-use as fertilizer Field Corn vs. Sweet Corn Susterra propanediol is derived from Field Corn Yellow Dent or Field Corn : MM planted acres B bushels produced Crop Value: $ B. Sweet Corn: MM planted acres 137 MM bushels produced Crop Value: $ B. Yellow Dent Facts: Sweet Corn Facts: Grown on over 99% of corn field acres Grown on less than 1% of corn field acres Produced for ethanol, livestock feed, cereals, Consumed by humans and other manufactured goods Considered a vegetable Considered a grain Harvested when kernels are soft and immature Harvested when kernels are dry and mature 6 Confidential Source: Field corn statistics - Department of Agriculture, June 2015. Sweet corn statistics - Department of Agriculture, 2014.

4 Field Corn Susterra propanediol is a minimal part of the FSI. segment. The usage would fall under the Core Usage Starch segment ( ). DuPont Tate & Lyle Susterra propanediol accounts for a fraction of the of starch-based products. Corn starch as a raw material for biomaterials Notes: does not have a material DDG = Distillers Dried Grain co-product of dried impact on the price or milled ethanol production supply of corn. that is used as animal feed 7 Confidential Source: USDA, ERS Feed Outlook, Jan 14, 2015; ProExporter Network Crop Year Ending Aug 31, 2015. Field Corn Susterra propanediol utilizes the starch in the field corn while the other components are harvested for different applications including animal feed for livestock. Yellow Dent Corn Components: 62% Starch Protein & Fiber 15% Moisture One bushel of wet- Corn Oil milled field corn Produces pounds of pounds of pounds of pounds crude corn oil gluten feed gluten meal of starch Used in consumer &.

5 Used in animal feed Used in animal feed Used as the feedstock for industrial products Susterra propanediol 8 Confidential Source: Tate . National Corn Growers Association Susterra propanediol From the Field to Market Applications DuPont DuPont DuPont Pioneer enzymes microorganism Carpet hybrids Fiber Apparel DuPont . Sorona . Auto Corn Glucose Bio-PDO . Zemea Cosmetics and Personal Care Food and Flavors Laundry and Cleaning Personal Pharmaceuticals Care Susterra Heat Transfer Fluids Polyurethanes Unsaturated Polyester Resins Industrial Paints, Coatings, and Inks Deicing Fluids 9 Confidential DuPont , Sorona and Bio-PDO are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates. Susterra , Zemea and the circle logo are registered trademark of DuPont Tate & Lyle Bio Products LLC. Susterra propanediol What is it?

6 A pure, petroleum-free derived glycol 100% sustainably and renewably sourced Used in a range of applications How is it made? Made by a fermentation process derived from glucose Made in the USA. USDA 100% Certified Bio-Based Product 10 Confidential Life Cycle Analysis (LCA). LCA is the only standardized method to evaluate the environmental footprint of a whole supply chain. Energy consumption and Green House Gas (CO2). emissions are key factors in determining environmental footprint. Biodegradation of product results in no CO2 Cradle-to-grave net CO2 increase Raw Materials Energy Cradle-to-gate Recycle Transportation Transportation Raw Material Manufacturing Use/Reuse/ Waste Acquisition Maintenance Management Co-products Air Emissions Waterborne Wastes Solid Wastes 11 Confidential Life Cycle Analysis Susterra propanediol 12 Confidential Susterra propanediol Polyurethanes 13 Confidential Key Applications Susterra propanediol .

7 A high performance, bio-based building block for polyurethane applications Footwear Furniture and Automotive - TPU elastomers - TPU elastomers - TPU waterproof Performance Textiles - PU foam breathable films - Hot melt adhesives - PU foams - TPU waterproof - PU synthetic leather - Hot melt adhesives breathable films - PU synthetic leather - PU synthetic leather ( accessories). 14 Confidential Polyurethane Production Susterra propanediol can be used as a chain extender or polyol Susterra . propanediol Chain BDO TPU. Extender PU leather AA/SA. Polyester End User Polyol BDO/EG/DEG PU Adhesives Susterra . Isocyanate PU Coatings propanediol 15 Confidential TPU Polymer Structure A versatile polymer chemistry Susterra propanediol Ethylene Glycol Chain Extender Urethane Linkages 1,4-Butane Diol 1,6-Hexane Diol.

8 Hard Segment Soft Segment Susterra PDO adipate MDI. BDO/HDO adipate Polyol Di-isocyanate TODI. EG/BDO adipate HDI . PTMEG. Polycaprolactone Polycarbonate . 16 Confidential Susterra propanediol Diol comparison chemical structure and property comparison Common Ingredient CAS# Formula Structure MW BP, C MP, C Density Ethylene HO. 1,2-Ethanediol 107-21-1 C2H602 OH Glycol Propylene 1,2- propanediol 57-55-6 C3H802 OH. -60 Glycol HO. propanediol 1,3- propanediol 504-63-2 C3H802 HO OH 214 -24 2-Methyl-1,3- MPDiol 2163-42-0 C4H10O2 221 -91 propanediol HO OH. OH. 1,4 BDO 1,4-Butanediol 110-63-4 C4H10O2 HO 230 16 Neopentyl 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3- 126-30-7 C5H12O2 208 127 -~ Glycol propanediol O. DEG Diethylene Glycol 111-46-6 C4H10O3 HO OH. 245 -10 OH. Hexylene 2-Methyl-2,4- OH. 107-41-5 C6H14O2 197 -40 Glycol Pentanediol Dipropylene DPG 25265-71-8 C6H14O3 231 Glycol 17 Confidential Susterra propanediol Structural Differences and the Odd-Even Effect The odd even effect varies the packing of the hard block segments, and results in unique mechanical properties of the final product.

9 1,3 PDO hard block 1,4 BDO hard block Dipole induces O O Staggered O H. 1 3 packing 1 3. bending R R R O N. N O O N gives no N O R. and strain 2 2 4. H H dipole H O. O O O H. R R R O N. N O O N N O R. Long Short H H H O. hydrogen hydrogen O O bond O H. bond R R R O N. N O O N N O R. H H H O. 18 Confidential Source: L. Born, H. Hespe, J. Crone, Wolf, Colloid and Polymer Science, 1982, 260(9), 819-828. J. Blackwell, Najarajan, Hoitink Polymer, 1981, 22, 1534-1539. O. Bayer, Agnew. Chem., A59, 257 (1947). synthetic leather 19 Confidential Polyurethane synthetic leather Layers with Average Weight Percent Susterra PDO is used in the PU skin coating. Based on bio-content needs we can explore use in the top coat or form layer Finish or top coat 5%wt Skin coat 20%wt Tie coat 5%wt Porous body layer Coagulation coat 40%wt Substrate 30%wt 20 Confidential Susterra propanediol PU leather (HS%= 25 wt%) Physical Properties Taber results are consistently higher when Susterra PDO is incorporated into the PU leather indicating enhanced abrasion performance.

10 ASTM D 2097 Flex-o-meter testing run at -20 C indicates improved flexibility even at temperature when PU leather can fail and crack. All samples pass Methyl Ethyl Ketone solvency test indicating good chemical resistance MEK/30min -20 / 50000. Molecular Taber - H22 1kg/cycle Sample (Solvent cycles weight (Abrasion resistance . resistance) flex test . AA/Susterra PDO 2000 Pass Pass 700. AA/BDO 2000 Pass Crack 900. AA/Susterra PDO 3000 Pass Pass 2000. AA/BDO 3000 Pass Crack 1000. AA/Susterra PDO/EG 2000 Pass Pass 1100. AA/BDO/EG 2000 Pass Pass 1000. AA/Susterra PDO/EG 3000 Pass Pass 1100. AA/BDO/EG 3000 Pass Pass 1000. 21 Confidential Susterra propanediol PU leather (HS%= 40 wt%) Physical Properties Increasing the hard segments in PU leather does change the enhanced abrasion results. MEK/30min Molecular Taber - H22 1kg/cycle Sample (Solvent weight Abrasion resistance.))