SYRUP - Kafrelsheikh University

1 SYRUPSYRUP Definition: Syrupisanearlysaturatedaqueoussolutionof sugarsuchassucroseinwater,withorwithoutm edicinalorflavouringingredients. Whenthesyrupcontainssomeaddedmedicinalsu bstances,itiscalledmedicatedsyrup. Flavouredsyrupisonewhichisnotmedicatedbu tcontainsflavouredsubstances,anditisused asflavouredvehicle. Itisimportantthattheconcentrationofsucro seapproachbutnotquitereachthesaturatedpo int. Indilutesolution,sucroseprovidesanexcell entnutrientformanymicroorganisms. Itsconcentratedsolutionontheotherhand, , OF SYRUPS Manyoftheofficialsyrupsdonotcontainprese rvativeotherthananadequatesucroseconcent ration. Theconcentrationofsucroseisanimportantfa ctorininhibitingmoldsgrowth. ,ofmicroorganisms. Certainsyrupsmaycontainpreservatives. Iftheconcentrationofsucroseislessthan85% w/vofsucrose, :Preservative Concentration (%) Benzoic acid Sodium benzoate Butyl Methyl Sorbicacid Alcohol 15-20 Benzoates,parabensandsorbicacidaremostef fectiveinacidsyrupsandareineffectiveinal kalinesyrupsCALCULATION OF THE AMOUNT ADDED PRESERVATIVE TO SYRUPS: Theamountofaddedpreservativetosyrupconta iningareducedamountofsugardependsontheam ountof"freewater", is 100 ml containing 85 gm sucrose x ml containing 65 gm sucrose x = (65 x 100 ) / ( 85 ) = ml In 65 % w/v sucrose containing ml of SYRUP containing the official concentration (85%) and the amounts of free water is calculated as: Free water = 100 = ml Theamountofpreservativeisproportionaltot heamountofthefreewater.

2 Themorethefreewater,themore,theaddedpres ervative. Insomesyrupalcoholis, USED IN PREPARING SYRUPS: Sucrose: Itisadisaccharidewhichundergoeshydrolysi stogivethemonosaccharidesdextrose(glucos e)andlevulose(fructose).C12H22O11+H2O=== ==>C6H12O6+C6H12O6 SucroseDextrose(d)+Levulose(1) , , advantages of sucrose are:1. Its purity. 2. Its high degree of sweetness, 3. Relatively cheap, 4. Readily soluble in water, 5. Lack of colour, 6. Ease of handling. Dextrose: DextroseappearsinafewofofficialsyrupsinU SPasasubstituteforsucroseinsyrupcontaini ngstrongacidinordertoeliminatethediscolo rationassociatedwithcarmelization. Itformsasaturatedsolutionat50%whichisles sviscousthansimplesyrup. Itssaturatedsolutionreadilysupportsthegr owthofmicro-organisms. Dextrosedissolvesmoreslowly, OF SYRUPS1-Solution Method with Heat .2-Agitation Method.

3 3-addition of a Medicated Liquid to SYRUP . 4-Percolation SYRUP (SirupusSimplex) EPUSP and BP R/ Sucrose 667 gm 850 gm Purified Water ad 1000 gm 1000 mlPreparation of simple SYRUP in EP of simple SYRUP in USP , Method ,theneckofwhichisnearlyfilledwithloosely packedcottonmoistened, ; , : A clear heavy viscous gravity StorageIn tight containers, at a temperature not more than 25 C. Incompatibilities: Concentrated acids aid the hydrolysis of ACTIONS AND USES OF ,Antihistaminic, ,dextroseandlevuloseformedinthesyrupasth eresultofinversion, ;suchactionisduetogreatosmoticpressureex ertedbysucrosesolution,inhibitingthedeve lopmentofbacteria,fungiandmolds, , Syrups prepared by hot method are characterized NON NUTRITIVE SYRUPS: ,whichischaracterizedbyhyperglycemia. Theseformulaemustbesugar-free,theartific ialsyrups(nonnutritive) Itischaracterizedbyitssweettasteanditisa viscousliquid, SIMPLE SYRUP Later on an artificial simple SYRUP was recomendedas a diabetic simple SYRUP : R/ Sodium carboxymethylcellulose Compound sodium cyclamate Solution Preservative Purified water The function of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is to give a viscous SODIUM:(SUCARYLSODIUM) ,itsoftenusedincombinationwiththecompoun dcyclamatesodiumsolution.

4 Themixtureof10partscyclamateto1partsacch ariniscommonandtakeadvantageofthesynergi ticsweeteningeffectthatsaccharinhasonsuc aryl, BASED SYRUPS Sorbitolis a hexahydricalcohol (C6H 14O6) made by hydrogenation of glucose and is used as a substitute for sucrose Syrups. Sorbitolsolution is superior to simple SYRUP , ( ). ,somanydrugsaremorestableinsorbitolPotas sium chloride syruoR/potassium chloride gmsucrose 70 gmpurified water to 100 mlMitte50 mlSig: MDU Calculations Preparation Label Use: k supplement for treatment and prophylaxis of hypokalemia