Systems Analysis and Design - Amazon Web Services

1 Systems Analysis and Design , Ninth EditionPage 1 of 33 Systems Analysis and DesignNinth EditionEnd of Chapter SolutionsCHAPTER FOURREQUIREMENTS MODELINGANSWERS TO CASE SIM: SCR ASSOCIATES managers said it was OK for their people to attend a three day JAD session next week. Send a message to the JAD team members, with a brief explanation of JAD methods and a proposed for the message task will vary, but students should have an understanding of JAD from this chapter and be able to write a memo that might look something like the following:To JAD team members:Most people on the team know each other, but some of us are new to SCR. Here s a list of JAD team members and titles:Jill Martin, training group managerSandy Wise, records assistantAmy Hawkins, client service representativeMark Martin, Web designerDave Spencer, programmerMeg Harris, corporate trainerAnswers for the agenda task will vary.

2 The following example is adapted from Figure 4 4 on page : Discussion LeaderTopicProject leader (student name) Introduce all JAD team members Discuss ground rules, goals, and objectives for the JAD sessionsPage 2 of 33 Chapter 12, Systems support and security Explain methods of documentation and possible use of CASE toolMember of SCR executive committee Explain the reasons for the project Express top management authorization and supportProject leader (student name) Provide overview of the current system Describe proposed project scope and a questionnaire for former and potential students in SCR s training classes. Also, reply to Jesse s message about sampling. Give her a recommendation and should follow the text guidelines for questionnaires, using the questionnaire shown in Figure 4 22 on page 166 as an example.

3 The questionnaires should contain one or more examples of open ended, closed ended, and range of response questions. Answers will also are asked to reply to Jesse Baker s e mail message about sampling. Most students will suggest a stratified sample of former students and prospective students. It is relatively easy to identify former students from SCR training records, but what about prospective students? SCR might approach this in several ways. The company might solicit survey input on its Web site or from corporate clients with whom SCR has done IT projects in the past. Perhaps the company has a list of people who have requested information about SCR training in the past, but never took a course.

4 Another level of stratified sampling might be taken among former , is there any connection between the training needs and the size of the firm? Should SCR attempt to obtain samples from small, medium, and larger firms? It is hard to know the answer from the limited factual background presented, but students should be encouraged to use their imagination in completing this the JAD session summary in the Data Library and put together a list of system requirements, including outputs, inputs, processes, performance, and JAD summary portion contains quite a bit of information, but students will have to use their imagination. Based on the material provided, answers might include the following.

5 Outputs Course rosters Rolling 90 day schedule of course offerings Student background information summary Course completion certificates Instructor assignment list Schedule report on completed courses and number of students Student performance report for corporate clientsInputs Student registration forms Instructor specific background data formsProcesses TIMS must interface with the SCR accounting systemSystems Analysis and Design , Ninth EditionPage 3 of 33 Performance TIMS must be able to track registration right up until the day the course is held TIMS must be able to handle online registration in the futureControls TIMS must be able to provide accounting data necessary to reconcile student accounts and bill corporate clients TIMS must generate information to highlight more popular and less popular an FDD of the main functions for TIMS and send it to the JAD team members return from their sub group meeting, Dave Spencer reported that TIMS would have four main functions.

6 With other subordinate functions that would fall I n i t i a l FDD ( F u n c t i o n a l De c o mp o s i t i o n Di a g r a m) f o r t h e T I MS Sy s t e mMa n a g eCo u r s e Sc h e d u l i n gRe g i s t e rSt u d e n t sMa i n t a i nT r a i n i n g Re c o r d sPr o d u c eRe p o r t sT I MSSy s t e munder these groups. Based on that information, students should be able to draw an FDD similar to the following:ANSWERS TO CHAPTER EXERCISESR eview are the five questions typically used in fact finding?

7 What additional question can be asked during this process?During requirements modeling, the analyst performs fact finding and asks the questions who, what, when, where, and how. As shown in the table on page 157, the additional question, which is very important to ask, is why? (Page 157) is a Systems requirement, and how are Systems requirements classified?A system requirement is a feature that must be included in order for the system to be acceptable to users. The five categories into which system requirements are classified are outputs, inputs, processes, performance, and controls. (Page 153) are JAD and RAD, how do they differ from traditional fact finding methods? What are their pros and cons?

8 ?JAD (joint application development) refers to a team of users, managers, and IT professionals that work together to analyze the existing system , work on potential solutions, and develop the requirements for new Systems . JAD can be more expensive than traditional Page 4 of 33 Chapter 12, Systems support and securitymethods, and if the team is too large for the project, then the JAD process can be cumbersome. The wide range of inputs and interaction among the participants in JAD can result in a more accurate assessment of system requirements, better understanding of goals, and stronger commitment to the success of the new system . Like JAD, RAD (Rapid application development) uses a group approach, but goes much further.

9 While JAD focuses on the requirements modeling process, RAD is a complete methodology, with a four phase life cycle that parallels the traditional SDLC phases. The end product of RAD is the new information system . Companies use RAD to reduce cost and system development time, as well as increase the probability of relies heavily on prototyping and user involvement. Users can examine a working model as early as possible, determine if it meets their needs, and suggest necessary changes by using the RAD process. Based on user input, the prototype is modified, and the interactive process continues until the system completely is developed and users are satisfied. The RAD model consists of four phases: requirements planning, user Design , construction, and cutover.

10 (Page 144 146) is total cost of ownership (TCO), and why is it important?In addition to direct costs, Systems developers must identify and document indirect expenses that contribute to the total cost of ownership (TCO). That especially is important where the development team is assessing several alternatives. After considering the indirect (and sometimes hidden) costs, a system that seems inexpensive initially might turn out to be the most costly choice. (Page 155) examples of closed ended, open ended, and range of response question can be open ended, closed ended, or a range of response. Open ended questions encourage spontaneous and unstructured responses. Closed ended questions limit or restrict the response to elicit specific information or verify facts.