Table of Food Composition - Cengage

1 3/23/07 4:50 PM Page 2. APPENDIX H. CONTENTS. Table of food Composition Table of food Composition This edition of the Table of food Composition includes a wide variety of foods. It is up- dated with each edition to reflect current nutrient data for foods, to remove outdated foods, and to add foods that are new to the marketplace.* The nutrient database for this appendix is compiled from a variety of sources, including the USDA Standard Re- lease database and manufacturers' data. The USDA database provides data for a wider variety of foods and nutrients than other sources. Because laboratory analysis for each nutrient can be quite costly, manufacturers tend to provide data only for those nutrients mandated on food labels. Consequently, data for their foods are often incomplete; any missing information on this Table is designated as a dash. Keep in mind that a dash means only that the information is unknown and should not be in- terpreted as a zero.

2 A zero means that the nutrient is not present in the food . Whenever using nutrient data, remember that many factors influence the nutrient contents of foods. These factors include the mineral content of the soil, the diet fed to the animal or the fertilizer used on the plant, the season of harvest, the method of process- ing, the length and method of storage, the method of cooking, the method of analysis, and the moisture content of the sample analyzed. With so many influencing factors, users should view nutrient data as a close approximation of the actual amount. For updates, corrections, and a list of more than 8000 foods and codes found in the diet analysis software that accompanies this text, visit nutrition and click on Diet Analysis Plus. Fats Total fats, as well as the breakdown of total fats to saturated, mono- unsaturated, polyunsaturated, and trans fats, are listed in the Table .

3 The fatty acids seldom add up to the total in part due to rounding but also because val- ues are derived from a variety of laboratories. Trans Fats Trans fat data has been listed in the Table . Because food manu- facturers have only been required to report trans fats on food labels since January 2006, much of the data is incomplete. Missing trans fat data is des- ignated with a dash. As additional trans fat data becomes available, the Table will be updated. Vitamin A and Vitamin E In keeping with the 2001 RDA for vitamin A, this appendix presents data for vitamin A in micrograms ( g) RAE. Similarly, be- cause the 2000 RDA for vitamin E is based only on the alpha-tocopherol form of vitamin E, this appendix reports vitamin E data in milligrams (mg). alpha-tocopherol, listed on the Table as Vit E (mg ). Bioavailability Keep in mind that the availability of nutrients from foods de- pends not only on the quantity provided by a food , but also on the amount absorbed and used by the body the bioavailability.

4 The bioavailability of fo- late from fortified foods, for example, is greater than from naturally occurring sources. Similarly, the body can make niacin from the amino acid tryptophan, but niacin values in this Table (and most databases) report preformed niacin only. Chapter 10 provides conversion factors and additional details. Using the Table The foods and beverages in this Table are organized into Appendix several categories, which are listed at the head of each right-hand page. H Page numbers are provided, and each group is color-coded to make it easier to find individual foods. Caffeine Sources Caffeine occurs in several plants, including the familiar coffee bean, the tea leaf, and the cocoa bean from which chocolate is made. *This food Composition Table has been prepared by Wadsworth Publishing Company. The nutritional data are supplied by Axxya Systems. 3/23/07 4:50 PM Page H-1.

5 Table OF food Composition H-1. Most human societies use caffeine regularly, most often in beverages, for its stimulant effect and flavor. Caffeine contents of beverages vary depending on the plants they are made from, the climates and soils where the plants are grown, the grind or cut size, the method and duration of brewing, and the amounts served. The accompanying Table shows that, in general, a cup of coffee contains the most caffeine; a cup of tea, less than half as much; and cocoa or chocolate, less still. As for cola beverages, they are made from kola nuts, which contain caffeine, but most of their caffeine is added, using the purified compound obtained from decaffeinated coffee beans. The FDA lists caffeine as a multipurpose GRAS substance that may be added to foods Reminder: A GRAS substance is one that and beverages. Drug manufacturers use caffeine in many products. is generally recognized as safe.

6 Table Caffeine Content of Selected Beverages, Foods, and Medications Beverages and Foods Serving Size Average (mg) Beverages and Foods Serving Size Average (mg). Coffee Other beverages Brewed 8 oz 95 Chocolate milk or hot cocoa 8 oz 5. Decaffeinated 8 oz 2 Starbucks Frappuccino Mocha oz 72. Instant 8 oz 64 Starbucks Frappuccino Vanilla oz 64. Tea Yoohoo chocolate drink 9 oz 3. Brewed, green 8 oz 30 Candies Brewed, herbal 8 oz 0 Baker's chocolate 1 oz 26. Brewed, leaf or bag 8 oz 47 Dark chocolate covered coffee beans 1 oz 235. Instant 8 oz 26 Dark chocolate, semisweet 1 oz 18. Lipton Brisk iced tea 12 oz 7 Milk chocolate 1 oz 6. Nestea Cool iced tea 12 oz 12 Milk chocolate covered coffee beans 1 oz 224. Snapple iced tea (all flavors) 16 oz 42 White chocolate 1 oz 0. Soft drinks Foods A & W Creme Soda 12 oz 29 Frozen yogurt, Ben & Jerry's coffee fudge 1 cup 85. Barq's Root Beer 12 oz 18.

7 Frozen yogurt, H agen-Dazs Coca-Cola 12 oz 30. coffee 1 cup 40. Dr. Pepper, Mr. Pibb, Sunkist Orange 12 oz 36. Ice cream, Starbucks coffee 1 cup 50. A&W Root Beer, club soda, Ice cream, Starbucks Fresca, ginger ale, 7-Up, Sierra Frappuccino bar 1 bar 15. Mist, Sprite, Squirt, tonic water, caffeine-free soft drinks 12 oz 0 Yogurt, Dannon coffee flavored 1 cup 45. Mello Yello 12 oz 51 Drugsa Serving Size Average (mg). Mountain Dew 12 oz 45. Cold remedies Pepsi 12 oz 32. Coryban-D, Dristan 1 tablet 30. Energy drinks Diuretics Amp oz 70. Aqua-Ban 1 tablet 100. Aqua Blast .5 L 90. Pre-Mens Forte 1 tablet 100. Aqua Java .5 L 55. Pain relievers E Maxx oz 74. Anacin, BC Fast Pain Reliever 1 tablet 32. Java Water .5 L 125. Excedrin, Midol, Midol Max KMX oz 33 Strength 1 tablet 65. Krank .5 L 100 Stimulants Red Bull oz 67 Awake, NoDoz 1 tablet 100. Red Devil oz 42 Awake Maximum Strength, Appendix Sobe Adrenaline Rush oz 77 Caffedrine, NoDoz Maximum Strength, Stay Awake, Vivarin 1 tablet 200.

8 H. Sobe No Fear 16 oz 141. Weight-control aids Water Joe .5 L 65. Dexatrim 1 tablet 200. aA pharmacologically active dose of caffiene is defined as 200 milligrams. NOTE: The FDA suggests a maximum of 65 milligrams per 12-ounce cola beverage but does not regulate the caffeine contents of other beverages. Because products change, contact the manufac- turer for an update on products you use regularly. Source: Adapted from USDA database Release 18 ( ), Caffeine content of foods and drugs, Center for Science and the Public Interest ( ), and R. R. McCusker, B. A. Goldberger, and E. J. Cone, Caffeine content of energy drinks, carbonated sodas, and other beverages, Journal of Analytical Toxicology 30 (2006): 112 114. 3/23/07 4:50 PM Page H-2. H-2 APPENDIX H. Table H 1. food Composition (DA+ code is for Wadsworth Diet Analysis program) (For purposes of calculations, use 0 for t, <1, <.1, <.)

9 01, etc.). DA + Wt H2O Ener Prot Carb Fiber Fat Fat Breakdown (g). Code food Description Quantity Measure (g) (g) (kcal) (g) (g) (g) (g) Sat Mono Poly Trans BREADS, BAKED GOODS, CAKES, COOKIES, CRACKERS, CHIPS, PIES. Bagels 8534 Cinnamon & raisin 1 item(s) 71 23 195 7 39 2 1 . 4910 Enriched, all varieties 1 item(s) 71 23 195 7 38 2 1 0. 4911 Plain, enriched, toasted 1 item(s) 66 18 195 7 38 2 1 0. 8538 Oat bran 1 item(s) 71 23 181 8 38 3 1 . 12079 Whole grain 1 item(s) 85 170 9 35 6 0 0. Biscuits 25008 Biscuits 1 item(s) 41 16 121 3 16 1 5 0. 16729 Scone 1 item(s) 42 11 149 4 19 1 6 . 25166 Wheat biscuits 1 item(s) 55 21 162 4 22 1 7 0. Bread 325 Boston brown, canned 1 slice(s) 45 21 88 2 19 2 1 . 8716 Bread sticks, plain 4 item(s) 24 1 99 3 16 1 2 . 25176 Cornbread 1 piece(s) 55 26 141 5 18 1 5 0. 327 Cracked wheat 1 slice(s) 25 9 65 2 12 1 1 . 1. 9079 Croutons, plain 4 cup(s) 8 <1 31 1 6 <1 <1.

10 8582 Egg 1 slice(s) 40 14 115 4 19 1 2 . 8585 Egg, toasted 1 slice(s) 37 10 117 4 19 1 2 . 329 French 1 slice(s) 25 9 69 2 13 1 1 . 8591 French, toasted 1 slice(s) 23 7 69 2 13 1 1 . 8597 Indian fry 1 item(s) 90 24 296 6 48 2 9 . 332 Italian 1 slice(s) 30 11 81 3 15 1 1 . 1393 Mixed grain 1 slice(s) 26 10 65 3 12 2 1 . 8604 Mixed grain, toasted 1 slice(s) 24 8 65 3 12 2 1 . 8605 Oat bran 1 slice(s) 30 13 71 3 12 1 1 . 8608 Oat bran, toasted 1 slice(s) 27 10 70 3 12 1 1 . 8609 Oatmeal 1 slice(s) 27 10 73 2 13 1 1 . 8613 Oatmeal, toasted 1 slice(s) 25 8 73 2 13 1 1 . 1409 Pita 1 item(s) 60 19 165 5 33 1 1 . 7905 Pita, whole wheat 1 item(s) 64 20 170 6 35 5 2 . 338 Pumpernickel 1 slice(s) 32 12 80 3 15 2 1 . 334 Raisin, enriched 1 slice(s) 26 9 71 2 14 1 1 . 8625 Raisin, toasted 1 slice(s) 24 7 71 2 14 1 1 . 10168 Rice, white 1 slice(s) 42 140 1 21 1 6 0. 8653 Rye 1 slice(s) 32 12 83 3 15 2 1.