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Tangram Technology Periodic Table of Thermoplastics

The Periodic Table of the elements by Mendeleev was a historic achievement in chemistry and enabled chemists to see the relationship between structure and Tangram Consulting properties of the basic elements. Polymers also have a strong relationship between structure and properties and this Periodic Table of Polymers' is a first attempt to provide a simple codification of the Tangram Technology Technology Engineers basic polymer types and structures. The diversity of polymer types makes it impossible to include all of the variations in one simple Table and this Table only includes the most common polymers.

Issue 7: February 2008 This table is for comparison only and no responsibility can be taken for the accuracy or the use of the information contained herein.

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Transcription of Tangram Technology Periodic Table of Thermoplastics

1 The Periodic Table of the elements by Mendeleev was a historic achievement in chemistry and enabled chemists to see the relationship between structure and Tangram Consulting properties of the basic elements. Polymers also have a strong relationship between structure and properties and this Periodic Table of Polymers' is a first attempt to provide a simple codification of the Tangram Technology Technology Engineers basic polymer types and structures. The diversity of polymer types makes it impossible to include all of the variations in one simple Table and this Table only includes the most common polymers.

2 Periodic Table of Thermoplastics KEY. TS = Tensile Strength at Yield @ 23oC. EAB =. TM =. Elongation at break Tensile Modulus @ 23oC. Increasing performance LTST = Long Term Service Temperature HDT = Heat Deflection Temperature @ MPa Cost = Relative Cost All properties are for the natural injection moulding grade resin only and do not include polymers with reinforcements or other functional fillers. Commodity Engineering Performance Random molecular PS-HI PS-GP ABS SAN PMMA PPO (Modified) PC PAR PSU PES PPSU. High Impact General Purpose Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Acrylonitrile Polymethylmethacrylate Polyphenylene Oxide Polycarbonate Polyarylate Polysulphone Polyethersulphone Polyethersulphone orientation in both Polystyrene Polystyrene Styrene (Copolymer) (Copolymer) (Acrylic) (Block copolymer).

3 TS: 19 - 33 MPa TS: 40 - 50 MPa TS: 40 - 60 MPa TS: 47 - 72 MPa TS: 56 - 70 MPa TS: 40 - 90 MPa TS: 55 - 75 MPa TS: 68 - 71 MPa TS: 70 - 76 MPa TS: 70 - 95 MPa TS: 83 MPa molten and solid EAB: 40 - 50% EAB: < 3% EAB: 3 - 20% EAB: - 10% EAB: - EAB: 10 - 60% EAB: 110 - 120% EAB: 50 - 100% EAB: 10 - 80% EAB: 40 - 80% EAB: 40 - 80%. phases. TM: GPa TM: - GPa TM: - GPa TM: - GPa TM: GPa TM: - GPa TM: - GPa TM: - GPa TM: - GPa TM: - GPa TM: GPa LTST: 55 - 60oC LTST: 70 - 85oC LTST: 80 - 95oC LTST: 55 - 60oC LTST: 90oC LTST: 80 - 260oC LTST: 95 - 154oC LTST: 130 - 150oC LTST: 150 - 180oC LTST: 180 - 220 oC LTST: 180oC.

4 HDT = 60 - 80oC HDT: 72 - 82oC HDT = 90 - 100oC HDT = 84 - 95oC HDT = 85 - 95oC HDT = 129oC HDT = 135 - 140oC HDT = 165 - 175oC HDT = 160 - 174oC HDT = 200 - 210oC HDT = 204oC. Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: PVC-P SBS SMA ASA SB PEI PAI PI PBI. Plasticised Styrene-Butadiene- Styrene-Maleic Acrylonitrile Styrene Styrene-Butadiene Polyetherimide Polyamideimide Polyimide Polybenzimideazole Polyvinylchloride Styrene (Copolymer) Anhydride (Copolymer) Acrylate (Copolymer) (Copolymer). TS: 6 - 20 MPa TS: 35 - 40 MPa TS: 40 - 52 MPa TS: 38 - 70 MPa TS: 26 - 30 MPa TS: 100 - 105 MPa TS: 90 - 150 MPa TS: 72 - 90 MPa TS: 120 - 160 MPa EAB: 50 - 460% EAB: 40% EAB: EAB: 15 - 45% EAB: 20 - 80% EAB: 40 - 60% EAB: - 12% EAB: 6 - 8% EAB: - Amorphous TM: - GPa TM: - GPa TM: GPa TM: - GPa TM: GPa TM: - GPa TM: - GPa TM: - 4 GPa TM: - GPa LTST: 50oC LTST: 60oC LTST: 100oC LTST: 82 - 120oC LTST: 65 - 77oC LTST: 170 - 215oC LTST: 220 - 280oC LTST: 260 - 300oC LTST: 260 - 400oC.

5 General HDT: 20 oC HDT = 67oC HDT = 105oC HDT = 82 - 120oC HDT = 70 - 77oC HDT = 200 - 215oC HDT = 275 - 280oC HDT = 280 - 360oC HDT = 220oC. Characteristics Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Soften gradually. Generally transparent. PVC-U CA CAB CAP CP PET-G PVC-UX PVC-C. Lower Tensile Strength Unplasticised Cellulose Acetate Cellulose Acetate Cellulose Acetate Cellulose Propionate Glycolised Polyethylene Crosslinked Chlorinated Polyvinylchloride Butyrate Propionate terephthlate Unplasticised PVC Polyvinylchloride and Tensile Modulus.

6 TS: 45 - 55 MPa TS: 30 - 55 MPa TS: 26 - 50 MPa TS: 26 - 47 MPa TS: 30 - 45 MPa TS: 55 MPa TS: 28 - 40 MPa TS: 53 - 58 MPa Lower Density. EAB: 25 - 60 % EAB: 5 - 55% EAB: 8 - 80% EAB: 30 - 100% EAB: 45 - 65% EAB: 300% EAB: 150 % EAB: 25 - 45%. Low Creep Resistance. TM: - GPa TM: GPa TM: - GPa TM: - GPa TM: - GPa TM: GPa TM: - GPa TM: - GPa LTST: 60 - 70 oC LTST: 45 - 70oC LTST: 75 - 100oC LTST: 75 - 100oC LTST: 68 - 100oC LTST: 60oC LTST: 70 - 95oC LTST: 90 - 110oC. High Dimensional HDT: 70oC. HDT: 64 - 70oC HDT: 48 - 65oC HDT: 62 - 70oC HDT: 45 - 75oC HDT: 61 - 73oC HDT: 120oC HDT: 105oC.

7 Stability. Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Increasing crystallinity Low fatigue resistance. Easy to bond using PVC-U PA 6/3/T PPA PARA. adhesives and solvents High-Impact Unplasticised Amorphous polyamide Polyphthalamide Polyaryl amide (high surface energy). PVC (Amorphous). TS: 45 - 55 MPa TS: 60 - 100 MPa TS: 85 MPa TS: 60 MPa EAB: 25 - 60 % EAB:> 50 % EAB: EAB: 100%. TM: - GPa TM: - GPa TM: GPa TM: 24 GPa LTST: 60 - 70 oC LTST: 125oC LTST: 140oC LTST: 150oC. HDT: 64 - 70oC HDT = 102 - 123oC HDT = 138oC HDT = 150oC. Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Random molecular PE-LD.

8 Low Density PE-LLD. Linear Low Density PE-MD. Medium Density PMP. Polymethyl pentene EVA. Ethylene-vinyl Acetate PE-X. Crosslinked PB. Polybutene-1. PE-UHMW. Ultra-high Molecular PA 11. Polyamide 11. PA 12. Polyamide 12. PPA. Polyphthalamide PA 46. Polyamide 46. PEK. Polyetherketone PEEK. Polyetheretherketone orientation in Polyethylene Polyethylene Polyethylene (12% VA) Polyethylene (Polybutylene) Weight Polyethylene (Nylon 11) (Nylon 12) (Nylon 46). TS: - 25 MPa TS: - 20 MPa TS: 14 - 25 MPa TS: 25 - 28 MPa TS: 10 - 19 MPa TS: 18 MPa TS: 12 - 17 MPa TS: 35 MPa TS: 20 - 60 MPa TS: 50 MPa TS: 85 MPa TS: 100 MPa TS: 52 - 214 MPa TS: 90 - 110 MPa molten phase, EAB: 50 - 400% EAB: 50 - 500% EAB: 50 - 300% EAB: 15 - 30% EAB: 50 - 750% EAB: 350% EAB: 300 - 380% EAB: 500% EAB: 30 - 400% EAB: 200% EAB: EAB: 40% EAB: - 330% EAB: - 100%.

9 Densely packed TM: - GPa TM: - GPa TM: - GPa TM: - GPa TM: - GPa TM: GPa TM: - GPa TM: GPa TM: - GPa TM: - GPa TM: GPa TM: GPa TM: - GPa TM: - GPa LTST: 40 - 70oC LTST: 44 - 50oC LTST: 38 - 70oC LTST: 55 - 60oC LTST: 50oC LTST: 90oC LTST: 110oC LTST: 55oC LTST: 74 - 147oC LTST: 70 - 80oC LTST: 140oC LTST: 130oC LTST: 90 - 334oC LTST: 154 - 315oC. crystallites in solid HDT = 35oC HDT = 37 - 44oC HDT = 38 - 43oC HDT = 40 - 50oC HDT = 20 - 23oC HDT = 60oC HDT = 54 - 60oC HDT = 42oC HDT = 38 - 55oC HDT = 55oC HDT = 138oC HDT = 190oC HDT = 93 - 334oC HDT = 154 - 295oC.

10 Phase. Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: Cost: PE-Chlorinated PE-VLD EMA PBT PA 6 PA 66 LCP PFA ECTFE PCTFE PTFE. Chlorinated Very Low Density Ethylene-methyl Polybutylene- Polyamide 6 Polyamide 66 Liquid Crystal Polymer Perfluoroalkoxy Ethylene- Polychloro- Polytetrafluorethylene Semicrystalline Polyethylene Polyethylene Acrylate terephthlate (Nylon 6) (Nylon 66) (Aromatic copolyester) chlorotrifluoroethylene trifluoroethylene TS: MPa TS: 34 - 400 MPa TS: 9 - 12 MPa TS: 30 - 105 Mpa TS: 40 - 50 MPa TS: 40 - 86 MPa TS: 55 - 165 Mpa TS: 15 - 30 MPa TS: 42 - 48 MPa TS: 30 - 40 MPa TS: 17 - 21 MPa EAB: 700% EAB: 400 - 700% EAB: 750 - 800% EAB: 250% EAB.


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