Technical Manual - Vinidex

1 2 PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe SystemsIntroductionQualityISO 9001 Lic 570 PVC Pressure Pipe & FittingsTechnical ManualDisclaimerMinimum pack quantities apply to all products, orders will automatically be adjusted to minimum pack quantities or of LiabilityThis product catalogue has been compiled by Vinidex Pty Limited ( the Company ) to promote better understanding of the Technical aspects of the Company s products to assist users in obtaining from them the best possible performance. The product catalogue is supplied subject to acknowledgement of the following conditions: 1 The product catalogue is protected by copyright and may not be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means in whole or in part without prior consent in writing by the 2 Product specifications, usage data and advisory information may change from time to time with advances in research and field experience.

2 The Company reserves the right to make such changes at any time without further notice. 3 Correct usage of the Company s products involves engineering judgements, which can not be properly made without full knowledge of all the conditions pertaining to each specific installation. The Company expressly disclaims all and any liability to any person whether supplied with this publication or not in respect of anything and all of the consequences of anything done or omitted to be done by any such person in reliance whether whole or part of the contents of this publication. 4 No offer to trade, nor any conditions of trading, are expressed or implied by the issue of content of this product catalogue. Nothing herein shall override the Company s Condition of Sale, which may be obtained from the Registered Office or any Sales Office of the Company.

3 5 This product catalogue is and shall remain the property of the Company, and shall be surrendered on demand to the Company. 6 Information supplied in this product catalogue does not override a job specification, where such conflict arises; consult the authority supervising the job. Copyright Vinidex Pty Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe SystemsIntroductionContentsIntroduction 3 Manufacture 4 Quality Assurance 6 Research And Development 63 PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe SystemsIntroduction Vinidex Pty Limited is Austra-lia s leading manufacturer of PVC its modest beginnings in Sydney in 1960, the company has grown dynamically with factories now located in Sydney, Melbourne, Perth, Brisbane, Townsville and Wagga.

4 Supply depots are maintained in Adelaide, Dar-win, Launceston and pipe and fitting systems are used in a broad cross-section of applications including: Water, wastewater and drainage Irrigation Mining and industrial Plumbing Gas Communications ElectricalVinidex is the most experi-enced company in Australia in the supply of PVC pipes for mains water reticulation and was the first to produce a rubber ring jointed pressure pipe. Early Vinidex rubber ring joint installations include:1966, with the Victorian Rural Water Commission (previously State Rivers and Water Supply Commission)1967, with the New South Wales Department of Public Works for water supply pressure pipe and fittings are manufactured from high quality PVC specifications exceed the requirements of the various national and state specifying authorities and Standards pressure pipes and fittings combine the unique physical properties of PVC polymer with the most advanced manufacturing techniques and will continue to meet the exacting demands of the water supply industry in Australia and a growing number of overseas countries, well into the 21st pipe is the world s most widely used medium for conveyance of centuries of use of ancient materials such as clay, lead, iron and more recently steel, Ductile Iron and asbestos cement.

5 PVC has, in a comparatively short 50 years, invaded all of the traditional applications of these materials to become the premier pipe material, measured by length or value, in the world product has well recog-nised advantages of immunity to corrosion, chemical and micro-/macro-biological resistance, hydraulic capacity, ease of handling and installa-tion together with toughness and flexibility to withstand abuse. Its widespread applica-tions are largely attributable to these applications fall into two broad categories primarily determined by the dominance of either internal pressure or external loading over design. They are referred to as pressure or non-pressure Manual covers pressure applications with particular emphasis on general water supply.

6 Other applications include irrigation, industrial, and pumped sewerage mains. It provides state-of-the-art information on material char-acteristics and performance, pipe selection and system design procedures, installation recommendations and detailed product specification data for both pipe and fittings. To date this is the most comprehensive Technical Manual published in Australia on PVC pressure pipe Modest Beginning to Australia s Leader PVC Pipe - World Leader4 PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe Systems PVC Pressure Pipe SystemsIntroductionFigure Typical Pipe Extrusion LineRaw MaterialWeighingMixing BatchingExtruderHead & Die Sizing BathBasically, PVC products are formed from raw PVC powder by a process of heat and pres-sure.

7 The two major processes used in manufacture are extrusion for pipe and injection moulding for PVC processing involves highly developed scientific methods requiring precise control over process variables. The polymer material is a free flowing powder, which requires the addition of sta-bilisers and processing aids. Formulation and blending are critical stages of the process and tight specifications are maintained for incoming raw materials, batching and mixing. Feed to the extrusion or moulding machines may be direct, in the form of dry blend , or pre-processed into a granular compound .Polymer and additives (1) are accurately weighed (2) and processed through the high speed mixing (3) to blend the raw materials into a uniformly distributed dry blend mixture.

8 A mixing temperature of around 120 C is achieved by frictional heat. At various stages of the mixing process, the additives melt and progressively coat the PVC polymer granules. After reaching the required temperature, the blend is automatically discharged into a cooling chamber which rapidly reduces the temperature to around 50 C, thereby allowing the blend to be conveyed to intermediate storage (4) where even temperature and density consistency are heart of the process, the extruder (5), has a temperature-controlled, zoned barrel in which rotate precision screws . Modern extruder screws are complex devices, carefully designed with varying flights to control the compres-sion and shear, developed in the material, during all stages of the process.

9 The twin counter-rotating screw configuration used by all major manufacturers offers improved PVC dryblend is metered into the barrel and screws, which then convert the dry blend into the required melt state, by heat, pressure and shear. During its passage along the screws, the PVC passes through a number of zones that compress, homogenise and vent the melt stream. The final zone increases the pressure to extrude the melt through the head and die set (6) which is shaped according to the size of the pipe required and flow characteristics of the melt stream. Once the pipe leaves the extrusion die, it is sized by passing through a precision sizing sleeve with external vacuum. This is sufficient to harden the exterior layer of PVC and hold the pipe diameter during final cooling in a controlled water cooling chambers (8).

10 The pipe is pulled through the sizing and cooling operations by the puller or haul-off (9) at a constant speed. Speed control is very important when this equipment is used because the speed at which the pipe is pulled will affect the wall thickness of the finished product. In the case of rubber ring jointed pipe the haul-off is slowed down at appropriate intervals to thicken the pipe in the area of the in-line printer (10) marks the pipes at regular intervals, with identification according to size, class, type, date, Standard number, and extruder automatic cut-off saw (11) cuts the pipe to the required belling machine forms a socket on the end of each length of pipe (12). There are two general forms of socket. For rubber-ring jointed pipe, a collapsible mandrel is used, whereas a plain mandrel is used for solvent jointed sock-ets.