TERRORISM AND COUNTER-TERRORISM

1 1arches quarterlyvolume 5 edition 9 spring 2012 VOLUME 5 edition 9 SPRING 2012 ISSN 1756-7335 TERRORISM AND COUNTER-TERRORISM :SPOTLIGHT ON STRATEGIES AND APPROACHES volume 5 edition 9 spring 20122arches quarterlyAnas Altikriti Chief ExecutiveAbdullah Faliq EditorEditorial Team:Amjad Mohamed-SaleemIbrahim HewittS. AlamArzoo ForemanDr Basia SpalekKathleen GrantAmina EasatMehrunisha Khan Art EditorArches Quarterly is published byWestgate House, Level 7, Westgate Road, Ealing, London W5 1 YYTel 020 8991 3372 / Fax 020 8991 / of articles and reports for Arches Quarterly should be made by e-mail, in Word format, to the editors: The views expressed in Arches Quarterly are those of the individual authors and should not be taken to represent a corporate view of The Cordoba Foundation.

2 The Cordoba Foundation UK 2012 LITERATURE PROMOTIONS:European Multiculturalisms: Cultural, Religious & Ethnic Challenges (Anna Triandafyllidou, Tariq Modood & Nasar Meer)Islam and Muslims (Muhammad Ali Chaudry & Robert Dickson Crane)The Missing Martyrs: Why There Are So Few Muslim Terrorists (Charles Kurzman)Contemporary Debates on TERRORISM (Richard Jackson & Samuel Justin Sinclair)The British War on Terror: TERRORISM and Counterterrorism on the Home Front Since 9-11 (Steve Hewitt)Snitch!: A History of the Modern Intelligence Informer (Steve Hewitt) COUNTER-TERRORISM : Community-Based Approaches to Preventing Terror Crime (Basia Spalek)From Beirut to Jerusalem (Swee Chai Ang) TERRORISM : A Critical Introduction (Richard Jackson, Lee Jarvis, Jereon Gunning & Marie B.)

3 Smyth)19406772105105130130138 THIS ISSUEV olume 5 edition 9 Spring 2012 ISSN 1756-7335 Available quarterlyvolume 5 edition 9 spring 2012 INTHISISSUE04081020284250566368738390100 10611011612413113914 6154 162 167171177179 Editorial Abdullah FaliqForeword Anas AltikritiThe Strength of Local Partnerships: Overcoming Obstacles During the War on TerrorRobert LambertComplicating Radicalism COUNTER-TERRORISM and Muslim Identity in Britain Nasar MeerPrevent Agenda and the Doctrine of Fear in the Muslim Community Imran AwanThe Complexity of Police-Muslim Community Relations in the Shadow of 9/11 P.

4 Daniel SilkFrom Moulin Rouge to 9/11 Zubeda LimbadaBeyond the Rhetoric Setting a New Perspective for Partnerships Amjad Mohamed-SaleemInforming Continuity: Domestic Surveillance from the Cold War to the War on TerrorSteve HewittTime for Change After 10 Years of Detention Without Trial Paul DonovanMuslims in Poland and Eastern Europe: Widening the European Discourse on IslamBook review by Ma gorzata Wr blewskaPicture GalleryThe Causes of TERRORISM : Deconstructing the MythsRichard Jackson, Lee Jarvis, Jereon Gunning & Marie B.

5 SmythThe Use of Secret Evidence is a Threat to Human Rights Jean Lambert MEPC ounter- TERRORISM : Police and Community Engagement in Britain and the USBasia Spalek & Laura Zahra McDonald A Grand American Strategy of COUNTER-TERRORISM Robert D. Crane The New Prevent: Will it Work? Can it Work? Therese O Toole, Stephen H. Jones & Daniel Nilsson DeHanasShifting Paradigms: De-Radicalisation Ahmad HassanCounter- TERRORISM Post 9/11 and the Erosion of Human Rights and Civil LibertiesSaalik HaleemFundamentalists vs.

6 Moderates: The War Within Judaism Rabbi Mark L. Winer From Beirut to Jerusalem 2009 - The Wounds of Gaza Swee Chai AngYouth De-Radicalisation: the Wolverhampton Experience Revd. Mason WestTerrorism and COUNTER-TERRORISM : Young People s Perspectives Hussain Al-JabirDeveloping Community Partnerships - A Practical Solution for Peace, Prosperity and Justice Nick MauriceThe Muslim Demand Curve for Foreign Policy Charles KurzmanBehind Closed Doors - Ten Years of Secret Evidence and Human Suff eringAisha Maniar & Adrienne BurrowsConviction of Thought.

7 How Islamic Concepts are Ruled on in UK Courts Asim Qureshivolume 5 edition 9 spring 20124arches quarterlyFROM THE EDITOR Welcome to this special edition of Arches, which examines the various strategies and approaches adopted to deal with TERRORISM and COUNTER-TERRORISM . Th e editorial team of Arches would like to acknowledge and thank the University of Birmingham (UK), in particular Dr Basia Spalek, for sourcing a number of excellent contributions for this edition from a conference she convened on Political Transitions, Policing and COUNTER-TERRORISM : Power, Partnership and Community.

8 Th e Cordoba Foundation is grateful for this collaboration. In this issue, experts from various disciplines examine the threat posed by terrorists; tracing the origins and source of TERRORISM they assess the eff ectiveness of strategies and approaches employed to respond to and challenge this threat. Importantly, we focus on de-radicalisation and explore alternative strategies and approaches that dea l with TERRORISM , which is often exaggerated and confl ated with other issues.

9 Without wishing to make light of such a serious issue, it is worth considering that Micah Zenko, writing in the Atlantic, argues that Americans are as likely to be killed by their own furniture as by TERRORISM :Th e number of US citizens who died in terrorist attacks increased by two between 2010 and 2011; overall, a comparable number of Americans are crushed to death by their televisions or furniture each the 2011 Report on Te r r o r i s m2 published by the National CounterTerrorism Centre (which off ers the best available data and analysis of TERRORISM to the US government), Zenko highlights the following interesting observations.

10 Th e total number of worldwide attacks in 2011 dropped by almost 12 per cent from 2010 and nearly 29 per cent from 2007. Attacks by Al-Qa ida and its affi liates increased by 8 percent from 2010 to 2011. A signifi cant increase in attacks by Al-Shabaab, from 401 in 2010 to 544 in 2011, off set a sharp decline in attacks by al-Qa ida in Iraq (AQI) and a smaller decline in attacks by al-Qa ida in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP), and al-Qa ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM).