Test Methods for Bitumen/Rubber Used in Seals

1 TEST Methods FOR bitumen - rubber used IN Seals . Manual 3. Revised Edition 1992. ISBN 0 620114525. Published by the SABITA SA bitumen and Tar Association P a Box 6946. Roggebaai 8012. First published in 1988. SOUTHERN AFRICAN bitumen AND TAR ASSOCIATION. Preface to first edition The Technical Committee on bitumen - rubber , founded in May 1983. under the chairmanship of the Southern African bitumen and Tar Association, has made steady progress towards developing an cnd- result (or performance) type specification for this product. A prerequisite to such a specification is the formulation of rclcvam properties and appropriate test Methods . This task was undertaken by a Sub-Committee on Specifications and Test Methods .

2 Although the scope of the main committee was broadened in February 1987 to embrace all modified bituminous binders, with a consequent change of name to Technical Committee on Modified Binders, it was desirable that test Methods related to specifications for bitumen - rubber be addressed in the first instance. It should be noted that the Methods given in this manual cover special tests on modified binders and their constituents only. Standard Methods described in SABS publications and TMH I are nor induded. The suffix "T" to the test numbers indicates that the Methods are regarded as tentative. However, they arc based on the best available knowledge and extensive research and development by various bodies represented on the main- and sub-committee.

3 This publication will therefore permit consistent application and uniformity of testing country-wide and thereby greatly facilitate the adoption of a national specification for bitumen - rubber and, ultimalely, modified binders. Members of the Sub-Committee on Specifications and Test Methods : Dr V P Servas NITRR, (Chaimzall). Mr G J Jordaan Department of Transport (Secretary). Mr A 0 Bergh Mackintosh Bergh and Sturgess Mr L J Buckle Transvaal Roads Department Mr L K Davidson Road Tech Binders (Pty) Ltd Mr A C Edler NITRR. Mr 0 J Uitter SA Bureau of Standards Dr C P Marais Abccol (Pty) Ltd Mr R H Renshaw 'lelSas (Pty) Ltd Mr F CRust NlTRR. Dr P J Strauss Bruinette Kruger Stoffberg Inc Organisations represented on the Technical Committee on Modified Preface lO revised edition Binders: Abecol (Pty) Ltd B P SA (Pty) Ltd Experience gained in the application of this manual over the past four CSRA Highway Materials Sub-committee years has necessitated amendments to be made to (he text.)

4 These amend- Department Development Aid ments are largely of an editorial nature, excepting those reflecting Department of Transport changes in Method BR3T - Delerminalioll of the compression recovery (~f Much Asphalt (Pty) Ltd biwmen- rubber Seals in which a water bath is now a requirement and time Natal Roads Department tolerances have been rationalised and inMerhod BR7T - Determination of National Institute for Transport and Road Research, CSIR (he resilience of rubber crumb used in hicumen- rubber blends in respect of Pro tea Asphalt (Pty) Ltd component materials and dimensions of the apparatus used . SA Air Force SA Association of Consulting Engineers The test Methods in their amended form are currently under consider- SA bitumen and Tar Association ation by the Highways Materials Committee of the Committee of State SA Bureau of Standards Road Authorities for incorporation into TMH 1 - Slalldard Methods of Shell SA (Pty) Ltd testing road construction materials.))

5 Tosas (Pty) Ltd Transvaal Roads Department Current 11lel1lbers on the Sub-c01nnzittee on Specijicatio',zs and Test Methods are: Mr R E Ashworth Natal Provincial Administration PA MY BURGH v P SERVAS Mr A a Bergh Mackintosh Bergh &Sturgess Chairman: Technical Commillee Chainnall: Sub-Committee all Mr G E Bleimschein BP SA (Pty) Ltd on Modified Binders Specifications and Test Methods Mr L K Davidson Rand Road Tech (Pty) Ltd Mr A C Edler DRTTCSIR. Mr H B Genade Cape Provincial Administration Mr M TLewis Transvaal Provincial Administration Dr C P Marais Abecol (Pty) Ltd IV!r C W Nootenboom Caltex Oil SA (Pty) Ltd Mr R H Renshaw Tosas (Pty) Ltd Mr T van Rijckevorsel Protea Asphalt (Pty) Ltd Mr F CRust DRTTCSIR.

6 MR R P van Zyl Vialit (Pty) Ltd Mr M P Zacharias Shell SA (Pty) Ltd P A MYBURGH. ChaimwlI: Teclmical Commillee on Ai odiJled Bmders 4. List of manuals published by Sabita Contents Manual I Construction of bitumen rubber Seals Manual 2 Bituminous products for road construction Manual 3 Test Methods for bitumen - rubber Method BRI T Sampling, storing and preparation of Manual 4 Specification for rubber in binders samples of bitumen - rubber for testing 9. ManualS Manufacture and construction of hot-mix asphalt Method BR2 T Ball penetration and resilience of Manual 6 Interim specification bitumen - rubber II. bitumen - rubber blends Manual 7 Economic warrants for surfacing roads MethodBR3 T Determination of the compression recovery of bitumen - rubber blends 15.

7 Method BR4 T Flow test for bitumen - rubber blends IS. Melhod BRS T Determination of the dynamic viscosity of bitumen - rubber blends using a rotary viscometer 21. Method BR6 T Determination of the grading and loose fibre content of rubber crumbs used in bitumen - rubber blends 24. Method BR7 T Determination of the resilience of rubber crumbs used in bitumen - rubber blends 27. Method BR8 T Determination of the bulk density of rubber rubber crumbs used in bitumen - rubber blends 30. 7.. METHOD BRI T. Sampling, storing and preparation of samples of bitumen - rubber for testing 1 SCOPE. This method describes how a sample of bitumen - rubber is taken after blending and how it is stored and prepared prior to testing.

8 2 APPARATUS. Sample tins with tightly filling lids and a capacity of approximate- ly one litre. An oven capable of maintaining a temperature of 140 5 "C. 3 METHOD. Sampling As the properties of bitumen - rubber may change during hOI. srorage, test samples should be taken at the stan of spraying or if asphalt is made, at the start of production and again as soon as possible after spraying or mixing has been terminated. If required, samples may also be raken during the process of spraying or mixing to conlrol the variability of the produc!. The ranker or distributor should be provided wilh a sampling valve. Unless the distributor is filled with a sampling valve in [he circulation line, draw at least 10 litre of binder from the valve 1O.]

9 Clean it. Then draw at least two samples of one litre each in dean sample tins and seal them immediately (see ). \,{!hen [he samples have coolLxi down sufficiently, mark them clearly and imlelibly as described in 4. Storing uf samples Store the samples in a cool place (helm\' 30 "C) until they arc {csteLi. Keep the containers scaled (sec ). 9. Preparation for testing METHOD BR2 T. Open the sample conlainer ami place il in an oven at 140 5 "C. As soon as the bitumcn~rubbcr is soft enough to flow freely, remove it from rhe oven, stir it thoroughly and fill the test moulds Ball penetratIOn and resilience of bitumen - rubber as prescribed in the relevant test Methods . As bitumen - rubber blends may not be fe-heated, it is essential that enough test specimens are prepared (to allow for accidents, anomalous results etc).]}}

10 I SCOPE. The sample may nol be kept at the preparation temperature for longer than one hour. The penetration of a standard ball into non-aged and oven-aged bitumen - rubber is determined together with the rebound reco- The heating and sample preparation time mllst not exceed three very after the ball penetration tool has been pushed a further hours. Samples that have been heated once may not be used again. 10 mm into the material. 4 MARKING AND REPORTING 2 APPARATUS. Test sample containers should be indelibly marked with the A standard bitumen penetrometer with a plunger assembly which following information: can be tared to weigh 75 0,0 I g when the ball penetration tool is attached (see ).