TESTING AND BALANCING MANUAL

1 448 S. Main St., Box 930040 Verona, WI 53593-0040 Catalog TB-01 CAPRIL 1993 TESTING AND BALANCING MANUALTABLE OF CONTENTSI ntroduction ..1 Importance of BALANCING a System ..1 Benefits of System BALANCING ..1 Basic TESTING of Terms ..3 Stamped Steel Louvered Diffusers - Series SF and SJ ..4 Stamped Steel Plaque and Square Neck Stamped Perforated - Supply - Series SP ..6 Round and Square Neck Stamped Perforated - Return - Series SP ..7 Perforated Air Diffusers - Supply and Return - Perforated Return Register and Grilles ..8 Round Air Diffusers - Series SS ..9 Steel Square and Rectangular Diffusers - Series SK ..10 Extruded Aluminum Square Diffusers - Series SA ..11 Extruded Aluminum Square Diffusers - Supply and Return - Model SARA ..12 Channelaire Extruded Aluminum Adjustable Linear Diffuser - Series CH.

2 13 Adjustable Slot Diffuser - Model DASA ..14 Fire Damper Slot Diffuser - Model DAFA ..15 Troffer Diffusers Single and Double - Series Slot Diffusers Supply and Return - Series , Stainless Steel, and Aluminum Registers and Grilles ..18-21 Sturdicore Heavy Duty Return Air Registers and Grilles ..22 Varicore Reversible Core Registers and Grilles ..23 Trimaire-Curtainaire Extruded Aluminum Linear Grilles ..24 Decimal Equivalent of Fractions ..25 Round Duct Area and SPECIALTIES EXPRESS448 South Main Box 930040 Verona, Wisconsin 53593-0040 Sixth Printing, 1993 INTRODUCTIONR egardless of size or design, an air distribution system seldom meets its intendedgoal without proper BALANCING of the specified degree of system balance often is the difference between a supply systemthat operates properly and one that doesn order to insure the engineers design criteria and to satisfy the owners and occupants, proper system and component BALANCING is required.

3 In today s technology it is not unreasonable to expect comfortable, quiet, and draftless system purpose of this BALANCING MANUAL is to aid the air BALANCING contractor in meeting this OF BALANCING SYSTEM1. To assure comfort of the occupant. This is achieved by getting proper amountsof air in the designated To pinpoint undesirable situations such as hot or cold rooms, drafty or stagnantareas, objectionable noise, or contaminated Settings made during installation are approximate and must be fine tuned forproper system To meet area OF BALANCING SYSTEM1. Conserves Lower operating More comfort for Healthier The customer is more TESTING INSTRUMENTSThe instrument most commonly used to read air flow out of diffusers is aVelometer. Most K-factors in this BALANCING MANUAL are for a Velometer.

4 The deflecting vane anemometer , as it is technically described, gives instantaneousvelocity readings are usually taken on round or square ceiling diffusers and readingsat one foot intervals are suggested on Linear diffuser outlets. The velocity readingsare then averaged. The probe on the Velometer is positioned as described foreach outlet other instrument most commonly used is the Anemometer. This device istechnically described as a rotating vane anemometer. This instrument is used forreading velocities of registers and grilles. It is round, four inches in diameter, andhas a vaned propeller wheel in the center. Timed readings must be taken with theAnemometer as opposed to the Velometer which is an instantaneous Anemometer is held at the face of the register or grille.

5 A slow S shapesweeping motion is used covering the entire area of the grille to obtain a true average OF TERMSAkArea factor of an outlet or inlet which is also a flow factor determined fromthe discharge or intake velocity and the volume flow flow rate; cubic feet per feet per Pressure; expressed in inches Pressure; expressed in inches Pressure; expressed in inches of an outlet in feet. The distance from center of the outlet to a pointin the airstream where the highest sustained velocity of the airstream hasbeen reduced to a specified temperature; expressed at C or F .tTemperature differential in C or F between the ambient room temperature and the supply air of air flow; expressed in feet per minute (FPM).VkDischarge or intake velocity of an outlet or inlet in FPM measured with calibrated Velometer at specified locations relative to the face of an inletor velocity in FPM; determined from velocity measurements in theoccupied velocity from an outlet in FPM.

6 The highest sustained velocity inthe airstream arbitrarily specified and used to determine FIELD BALANCING DATA4 STAMPED STEEL LOUVERED DIFFUSERSCFM = Vkx AkAREA FACTOR (Ak) TABLESM odels SFEA & SFTAM odels SJEA & SJTAM odels SJEB & SJTBM odels SFTB 24 SFAB 24 Previous Model SFAP revious Model SAAM odels SFTA & SFTBM odel SJTAM odel SJTB - VerticalModel SJTB - HorizontalALNOR JET POSITIONFIELD BALANCINGThe actual volume of air being discharged from an outlet can bedetermined by measuring the outlet velocity in feet-per-minute(FPM) and multiplying by an area factor (Ak).CFM= Vkx AkThe Alnor velometer, with the 2220-A jet is the recommendedequipment for BALANCING ASX stamped Alnor Model 6000P with 6070P probe can be used with thesame the Alnor jet into the correct louvered space as shown inthe sketches below.

7 Point the jet as directly as possible into theair stream and move the jet slowly along the lip of the cone toobtain the highest reading. Average the readings for all foursides to obtain Vk. Select the correct Akfrom the tables and apply the formula to obtain the FIELD BALANCING DATA5 STAMPED STEEL PLAQUE DIFFUSERSMODEL SFPAFIELD BALANCINGThe actual volume of air being discharged from an outlet can bedetermined by measuring the outlet velocity in feet-per-minute(FPM) and multiplying by an area factor (Ak).CFM= Vkx AkThe Alnor velometer, with the 2220-A jet is the recommendedequipment for BALANCING ASX stamped Alnor Model 6000P with 6070P probe can be used with thesame the Alnor jet into the correct louvered space as shown inthe sketches below. Point the jet as directly as possible into theair stream and move the jet slowly along the lip of the cone toobtain the highest reading.

8 Average the readings for all foursides to obtain Vk. Select the correct Akfrom the tables and apply the formula to obtain the FIELD BALANCING DATA6 ROUND & SQUARE NECKSTAMPED PERFORATED DIFFUSERS SupplyCFM = Vkx AkModels SPFC & SPGCM odels SPAB - SPDBM odels SPAB and SPDBROUND NECKM odel SPCBSQUARE NECKP osition probe as shown taking reading in the centerof all four sides. Use the average of the readings for Vk.*Akfor Anemotherm Velometer4-Way Blow3-Way Blow2-Way Blow1-Way BlowBecause of low face velocities, the most accurate CFM can be determined by use ofcollector box and its respective for use with Alnor Series 6000 PVelometer, probe dots indicate the approximate position ofthe Alnor Jet. Move jet along deflector for highest reading - use the average of the readings for Alnor Jet directly in the areashown on each deflector and flushagainst the face of the diffuser andread FIELD BALANCING DATA7 ROUND & SQUARE NECKSTAMPED PERFORATED DIFFUSERS ReturnSP SeriesCFM = Vkx AkRETURN UNITS1.

9 For measuring return air flow rates anAlnor Jet No. 2220-A or 6070 is the Alnor tubing to the right sideof the Place the jet as shown in the a reading at the center of the ductto obtain From the approximate Table select theAkapplicable to the diffuser Calculate CFM = Vkx FIELD BALANCING DATA8 PERFOREATED AIR DIFFUSERS andRETURN AIR REGISTERS/GRILLESRETURN UNITS1. For measuring return air flow rates anAlnor Jet No. 2220-A or 6070 is the Alnor tubing to the right sideof the Place the jet as shown in the a reading at the center of the ductto obtain From Table 3 select the Akapplicable tothe diffuser Calculate CFM= Vkx Ak.*Models RSFA and RTFA Return and Grilles Ak= is for one of face area. To measure return air rates usethe same procedure as described for return units 3 Model SPPAP revious Model 4350 Previous Models 43004 and 43074 Figure 3 TABLE 2 Modesl SPSA 4 and SPEA 4 Previous Models 43002 and 43072 TABLE 1 Modesl SPSA 2 and SPEA 2 Figure 1 Figure 2 PERFORATED AIR DIFFUSERS SP SeriesFIELD BALANCINGThe actual volume of air being discharged from an outlet can bedetermined by measuring the outlet velocity in feet-per-minute(FPM) and multiplying by an area factor (Ak).

10 CFM= Vkx Ak*RETURN AIR REGISTERS/GRILLES RSFA and RTFASUPPLY DIFFUSERS1. For measuring Vkan Alnor deflecting vane velometer withJet No. 2220 (or jet No. 2220-A to which a 9/16 space hasbeen fitted) is Place the Alnor Jet as shown in Figure 1 at the edge of theperforated face. Take a reading with the jet pointing directlyinto the center of the air stream from each deflector. Averageall the readings to obtain From Table 1 select the Akapplicable to the diffuser sizeand the distribution pattern to which it has been Calculate CFM= Vkx :On all unitswhere ceiling plate isjoined to adapter frame,and all units with neckvelocities of 400 FPM orless, laboratory testinghas indicated more con-sistent field results canbe obtained by usingAlnor Jet No.