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The Atom for Middle School - Miss Little's Classroom Website

Understanding the Atom for Middle School Table of Contents 1. Accessing Prior Knowledge Activity 2. The Atomic Model Worksheet and Key 3. The Atomic Model of Matter Graphic organizer and key 4. Atomic Model of Matter Worksheet and key 5. Atom Notes 6. Complete Model of Atom Graphic organizer and Key 7. Vocabulary Review and Key 8. Periodic Table 9. Understanding the Atom Finding Numbers of Protons, Neutrons, Electrons and Key 10. Drawing Bohr Models of Atoms 1 20 and Key 11. I Have You Have game reviewing concepts of atoms 12. Rules for Counting Atoms 13. Counting Atoms Worksheet and Key 14. Counting Atoms Review and Key 15. spdf Energy Levels Diagram and Periodic Table for Orbital Arrangement 16. Electron Arrangement Practice and Key 17. Electron Arrangement Worksheet and Key 18. Formula Weights What You Already Know About the About the Structure of the Atom 1.

3. The Atomic Model of Matter Graphic Organizer and key 4. Atomic Model of Matter Worksheet and key 5. Atom Notes 6. Complete Model of Atom Graphic Organizer and Key 7. Vocabulary Review and Key 8. Periodic Table 9. Understanding the Atom – Finding Numbers of Protons, Neutrons, Electrons and Key 10. Drawing Bohr Models of Atoms 1 – 20 and ...

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Transcription of The Atom for Middle School - Miss Little's Classroom Website

1 Understanding the Atom for Middle School Table of Contents 1. Accessing Prior Knowledge Activity 2. The Atomic Model Worksheet and Key 3. The Atomic Model of Matter Graphic organizer and key 4. Atomic Model of Matter Worksheet and key 5. Atom Notes 6. Complete Model of Atom Graphic organizer and Key 7. Vocabulary Review and Key 8. Periodic Table 9. Understanding the Atom Finding Numbers of Protons, Neutrons, Electrons and Key 10. Drawing Bohr Models of Atoms 1 20 and Key 11. I Have You Have game reviewing concepts of atoms 12. Rules for Counting Atoms 13. Counting Atoms Worksheet and Key 14. Counting Atoms Review and Key 15. spdf Energy Levels Diagram and Periodic Table for Orbital Arrangement 16. Electron Arrangement Practice and Key 17. Electron Arrangement Worksheet and Key 18. Formula Weights What You Already Know About the About the Structure of the Atom 1.

2 Take out a piece of lined paper. 2. Number 1 to 7. 3. Write down one fact you know about the atom. 4. Turn paper over. 5. You have 1 minute to circulate the Classroom asking as many classmates as possible what they wrote down. You must remember this. You may not write anything down. 6. After one minute back to your desk. 7. Write down as many responses from memory as you can. 8. How many responses can you recall My Fact _____ 1_____2_____3_____4_____5_____6_____7___ __ Post Unit Reflection What I learned about the atom _____Name_____ The Atomic Model of Matter Name_____ Block_____ More than _____thousand years ago, A Greek philosopher named_____ led a group of scientists now known as atomists . These early Greeks thought that the atom was the _____ possible piece of matter that could be obtained. They guessed that the atom was a small, _____particle, and that all the atoms were made of the same material.

3 They also thought that different atoms were different shapes and sizes, that the atoms were infinite in number, always _____ and capable of joining together. In 1803, _____ proposed an atomic theory. The theory stated that all elements were made of atoms and that the atoms were _____ and indestructible particles. Dalton s theory also said that atoms of the same element were the same, while atoms of different elements were _____. The theory also said that_____ were made by joining the atoms of two or more elements together. In 1897, Thomson discovered a particle even smaller than the atom. He named it the _____, but today we call it the _____. As a result of his discovery, Thomson proposed a new atomic _____. According to Thomson s model, the atom was like a plum _____ it was mostly a thick, positively charged material, with negative electrons scattered about it like _____ in a pudding.

4 In 908, Ernest Rutherford took an extremely thin sheet of _____ and bombarded it with electrons. Much to his surprise, most of the electrons went right through the foil, and the occasional _____ was seriously deflected. To him, this seemed as likely as a baseball going through a brick wall. He theorized that the gold foil must be mostly empty _____, or else the electrons would bounce off most of the time. He figured that the atom was made up of a small, dense, positively charged center, called the _____. Rutherford s theory has the electrons scattered around the atom s edge. In1913, Neil Bohr narrowed down the actual location of the electrons. Bohr s model was similar to Rutherford s in that it had a _____ made up of positively charged material. Bohr went on to propose that the negative particles (_____) orbited the nucleus much like the planets _____ the sun.

5 Today the atomic model is very similar to Bohr s model. The modern atomic model, the Wave model, does not have exact orbits like Bohr did. Instead the modern model has a scatter region surrounding the _____ where an _____ will probably, but not certainly, be found. The Atomic Model of Matter Key More than 2000 thousand years ago, A Greek philosopher namedDemocritus led a group of scientists now known as atomists . These early Greeks thought that the atom was the smallest possible piece of matter that could be obtained. They guessed that the atom was a small, hard particle, and that all the atoms were made of the same material. They also thought that different atoms were different shapes and sizes, that the atoms were infinite in number, always movingand capable of joining together. In 1803,Dalton proposed an atomic theory.

6 The theory stated that all elements were made of atoms and that the atoms were indivisible and indestructible particles. Dalton s theory also said that atoms of the same element were the same, while atoms of different elements were different. The theory also said that compounds were made by joining the atoms of two or more elements together. In 1897, Thomson discovered a particle even smaller than the atom. He named it the corpuscle, but today we call it the electron As a result of his discovery, Thomson proposed a new atomic model. According to Thomson s model, the atom was like a plum pudding it was mostly a thick, positively charged material, with negative electrons scattered about it like plumsin a pudding. In 908, Ernest Rutherford took an extremely thin sheet of gold foil and bombarded it with electrons. Much to his surprise, most of the electrons went right through the foil, and the occasional bullet or electron was seriously deflected.

7 To him, this seemed as likely as a baseball going through a brick wall. He theorized that the gold foil must be mostly empty space or else the electrons would bounce off most of the time. He figured that the atom was made up of a small, dense, positively charged center, called the nucleus. Rutherford s theory has the electrons scattered around the atom s edge. In1913, Neil Bohr narrowed down the actual location of the electrons. Bohr s model was similar to Rutherford s in that it had a nucleus made up of positively charged material. Bohr went on to propose that the negative particles (electrons) orbited the nucleus much like the planets orbit the sun. Today the atomic model is very similar to Bohr s model. The modern atomic model, the Wave model, does not have exact orbits like Bohr did. Instead the modern model has a scatter region surrounding the nucleus where an electron will probably, but not certainly, be found Dalton Model - 1803 Democritus Model 2000 yrs ago Thomson Model - 1897 Rutherford Model - 1908 Bohr Model - 1913 Wave Model - Modern Name The Atomic Model of Matter On the graphic organizer provided summarize and illustrate the features of the atom for each model, and state the problem with each model.

8 The Atomic Model of Matter Name_____ Block_____ Match the statement to the different atomic model. Write the letter for the atomic model in front of the statement. 1. _____ Atoms are indivisible. 2. _____ An atom is the smallest piece of matter. 3. _____ In an atom, electrons are located in energy levels that are a certain distance from the nucleus. 4. _____ Atoms are small, hard particles. 5. _____ An atom has a small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by a large region in which scientists can predict where an electron is likely to be found. 6. _____ In an atom, electrons move in definite orbits around the nucleus. 7. _____ Atoms of the same element are exactly alike. 8. _____ An atom is made of positively charged pudding-like material through which negatively charged particles are scattered.

9 9. _____ An atom is mostly empty space with a dense, positively charged nucleus in the center. 10. _____ An atom contains negatively charged particles called corpuscles. A - Democritus B - Dalton C - Rutherford D - Thomson E - Bohr F - Modern Wave Model The Atomic Model of Matter Key 1. A 2. A 3. E 4. A 5. F 6. E 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. D What is an element? What is a compound? What is an atom? What are subatomic particles? What is a proton? What is a neutron? -pure substance where all atoms are the same -cannot be broken down -can be a molecule -made up of two or more kinds of atoms [molecule] -atoms can be separated if enough energy is supplied -the smallest unit of matter consisting of protons, neutrons, electrons -particles that are smaller than an atom and make up the atom.

10 They include protons, neutrons, and electrons -subatomic particle with a positive electric charge that are found within the nucleus at the center of the atom. The relative mass of the proton is 1 amu. -subatomic particle with a zero electric charge that are found within the nucleus at the center of an atom. The relative mass of the neutron is 1 amu. The Atom What is an electron? What is the atomic number? What is the atomic mass number? How do you calculate the number of electrons? . -subatomic particles with a negative charge that are found orbiting around the nucleus of an atom. The relative mass of the electron is 1/1840 amu therefore the mass of an electron is considered to be neglible. -the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom Atomic # = # of protons -is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.


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