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The Complete Guide to Chain - Tsubaki

Tsubaki , Inc., Wheeling, IllinoisTheComplete Guide to ChainiiThe Complete Guide to Chain 1997 by Tsubaki , English-language edition, 1997 ISBN 0-9658932-0-0 Library of Congress 97-061464 Translated and printed with permission of Kogyo Chosakai Publishing Co., in North America, Australia, and Europeby Tsubaki , Inc., 301 East Marquardt Drive,Wheeling, Illinois 60090. Originally published byKogyo Chosakai Publishing Co., Ltd., under the title:Machine Elements Manual, Chain . Original Editor: Tsubakimoto Chain Publisher: Sachio ShimuraAll rights reserved. No part of this book may bereproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,recording, or by any information storage and retrievalsystem, without permission in writing from the publisher. iiiContributorsSupervising EditorKyosuke Otoshi DirectorChain Products DivisionEditorMakoto Kanehira ManagerChain Products Division Production Engineering DepartmentWritersMakoto Kanehira ManagerChain Products DivisionProduction Engineering DepartmentTomofumi Otani ManagerChain Products Division Engineering DepartmentChain Engineering SectionMasayuki Yoshikawa ManagerChain Products Division Engineering DepartmentConveyor Chain Engineering SectionToshio Takahashi ManagerChain Products Division Roller Chain Production DepartmentEngineering Plastics Manufacturing SectionCONTRIBUTORS.

CONTRIBUTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii PREFACE ...

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Transcription of The Complete Guide to Chain - Tsubaki

1 Tsubaki , Inc., Wheeling, IllinoisTheComplete Guide to ChainiiThe Complete Guide to Chain 1997 by Tsubaki , English-language edition, 1997 ISBN 0-9658932-0-0 Library of Congress 97-061464 Translated and printed with permission of Kogyo Chosakai Publishing Co., in North America, Australia, and Europeby Tsubaki , Inc., 301 East Marquardt Drive,Wheeling, Illinois 60090. Originally published byKogyo Chosakai Publishing Co., Ltd., under the title:Machine Elements Manual, Chain . Original Editor: Tsubakimoto Chain Publisher: Sachio ShimuraAll rights reserved. No part of this book may bereproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,recording, or by any information storage and retrievalsystem, without permission in writing from the publisher. iiiContributorsSupervising EditorKyosuke Otoshi DirectorChain Products DivisionEditorMakoto Kanehira ManagerChain Products Division Production Engineering DepartmentWritersMakoto Kanehira ManagerChain Products DivisionProduction Engineering DepartmentTomofumi Otani ManagerChain Products Division Engineering DepartmentChain Engineering SectionMasayuki Yoshikawa ManagerChain Products Division Engineering DepartmentConveyor Chain Engineering SectionToshio Takahashi ManagerChain Products Division Roller Chain Production DepartmentEngineering Plastics Manufacturing SectionCONTRIBUTORS.

2 IiPREFACE .. xiiiACKNOWLEDGMENTS .. xvBASICS SECTION1. Chain BASICS .. WHAT IS A Chain ? .. Basic Structure of Power Transmission Chain .. Basic Structure of Small Pitch Conveyor Chain .. Basic Structure of Large Pitch Conveyor Chain Engineering Class .. Functions of Chain Parts .. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF Chain FORPOWER TRANSMISSION AND CONVEYORS .. Power Transmission Uses .. Conveyance Uses .. SPROCKETS .. 82. Chain DYNAMICS .. CHAINS UNDER TENSION .. Elastic Stretch, Plastic Deformation, and Breakage .. Engagement with Sprockets .. Chain DRIVE IN ACTION .. Chordal Action .. Repeated Load Tension, Fatigue Failure .. Transmission Capability of Drive Chains .. Difference Between Linear Tension and Wrapping .. Effect of Normal Chain Wear on Fatigue Strength .. Strength Differences Between Chain and the Connecting Links and Offset Links .. Wear of Working Parts .. Noise and Vibration.

3 CHARACTERISTIC PHENOMENA IN CONVEYOR Chain .. Coefficient of Friction .. Dynamic Tension of Starting and Stopping .. Wear Between Rollers and Bushings .. Strength of Attachments .. Stick Slip .. Relative Differences in Chain s Total Length .. Take-Up .. 293. PUBLIC STANDARDS OF CHAINS .. 314. HOW TO SELECT CHAINS .. TRANSMISSION Chain SELECTION .. Chain Selection Factors .. Coefficients Used in Selection .. Drive Chain Selection (General Selection) .. Power Transmission Chain Selection for Slow Speeds .. Hanging Transmission Chain Selection .. CONVEYOR Chain SELECTION .. Check of Conditions for Selection .. Conveyor Type Selection .. Selection of Chain Type and Specification .. Points of Notice About Roller Type .. Chain Pitch Decision .. Deciding the Number of Sprocket Teeth .. Deciding the Attachment Type .. Calculation of Tension .. Horizontal Conveyor .. Free Flow Conveyor.

4 Allowable Load of Roller and Standard A Attachment .. SELECTION EXAMPLE .. 555. CHAINS AND ENVIRONMENTS .. STEEL CHAINS .. Use of Steel Chains in High Temperatures .. Use of Steel Chains in Low Temperatures .. ENGINEERED PLASTIC Chain IN HIGH AND LOW TEMPERATURES . OTHER Chain MATERIALS IN HIGH TEMPERATURES .. COPING WITH SPECIAL CONDITIONS .. Use in Wet Conditions .. Use in Acidic, Alkaline, or Electrolytic Conditions .. Use in Abrasive Conditions .. 60vii6. BASIC LAYOUTS .. BASIC LAYOUTS OF WRAPPING TRANSMISSION CHAINS .. General Arrangements .. Special Layouts .. Special Arrangements .. BASIC CONVEYOR Chain LAYOUTS .. Horizontal Conveyor Arrangement .. Vertical Conveyor Arrangement .. Inclined Conveyor Arrangement .. Horizontal Circulating Conveyor Arrangement .. SUPPORTING THE ROLLER OF A CONVEYOR Chain .. 677. MANIPULATION OF CHAINS .. TRANSMISSION CHAINS, SMALL PITCH CONVEYOR CHAINS.

5 Installation .. Installation Accuracy .. Chain Slack .. Horizontal Precision and Parallelism of the Shafts .. Start-Up .. Prestart-Up Checklist .. Start-Up Test .. Lubrication .. Inspection .. Troubleshooting and Problem-Solving .. LARGE PITCH CONVEYOR CHAINS .. Installation .. Installation Accuracy .. Chain Tension .. Horizontal Precision and Parallelism of the Shafts .. Accuracy of the Rails .. Start-Up .. Lubrication .. Inspection .. Troubleshooting and Problem-Solving .. 81 APPLICATIONS SECTION1. TRANSMISSION CHAINS .. STANDARD ROLLER CHAINS .. ANSI Roller Chains (RS) .. BS/DIN Roller Chain .. HIGH PERFORMANCE CHAINS .. Super Roller Chain .. Super-H Roller Chain .. RS-HT Roller Chain .. Ultra Super Chain .. LUBE-FREE CHAINS .. LAMBDA Roller Chain .. Sealed Roller Chain .. ENVIRONMENTALLY RESISTANT CHAINS .. Nickel-Plated Roller Chain (NP).

6 WP Roller Chain .. Stainless Steel Roller Chain (SS) .. Poly-Steel Chain (PC) .. SPECIALTY CHAINS, TYPE 1 .. Bicycle Chain .. Motorcycle Chain .. Chains for Automotive Engines .. SPECIALTY CHAINS, TYPE 2 .. Miniature Chain .. Leaf Chains .. Inverted Tooth Chain (Silent Chain ) .. 1212. SMALL PITCH CONVEYOR CHAINS .. SMALL PITCH CONVEYOR CHAINS FOR GENERAL USE .. RS Attachment Chain .. Double Pitch Roller Chain .. Plastic Roller Plus Plastic Sleeve Chain .. Hollow Pin Chain .. SPECIALTY CHAINS .. Step (Escalator) Chain .. ATC Chain .. STANDARD ATTACHMENTS .. A Attachment .. K Attachment .. SA Attachment .. SK Attachment .. D Attachment (Extended Pin) .. PLUS ALPHA ATTACHMENTS .. SPECIAL ATTACHMENTS .. 1463. PRECISION CONVEYOR CHAINS .. BEARING BUSH Chain .. INDEXING TABLE Chain .. 1534. TOP CHAINS .. WHAT IS TOP Chain ? .. Plastic Materials for Top Chains.

7 Guide Rail Materials .. Lubrication .. Various Accessories .. TYPES OF TOP Chain .. TTP Top Chain .. TP Top Chain .. TTUP Top Chain .. TPU Top Chain .. TT Top Chain .. TS Top Chain .. TTU Top Chain .. TO Crescent Top Plate Chain .. TN Snap-On Top Plate Chain .. RS Plastic Top Chain .. Bel-Top Chain .. 1755. FREE FLOW CHAINS .. WHAT IS FREE FLOW Chain ? .. TYPES OF FREE FLOW Chain .. DOUBLE PLUS Chain .. Outboard Roller Chain Side Roller Type .. Outboard Roller Chain Top Roller Type .. Roller Table Chain (ST, RT) .. 189x6. LARGE PITCH CONVEYOR CHAINS .. WHAT IS LARGE PITCH CONVEYOR Chain ? .. Standards .. Nomenclature .. Construction and Features .. Shape Features .. Function Features .. Disadvantages .. STANDARD CONVEYOR CHAINS .. RF Conveyor Chain .. RF Bearing Roller Conveyor Chain .. RF Plastic Roller Plus Plastic Sleeve Conveyor Chain .. SPECIALTY CONVEYOR CHAINS.

8 Bucket Elevator Chain .. Flow Conveyor Chain .. Parking Tower Chain .. Continuous Bucket Unloader Chain .. Large Bulk Handling Conveyor Chain (CT) .. Block Chain (Bar and Pin) .. Sewage Treatment Chain (Rectangular Sludge Collector) .. Sewage Treatment Chain (Bar Screen) .. STANDARD ATTACHMENTS .. PLUS ALPHA ATTACHMENTS .. SPECIAL ATTACHMENTS .. 233xiBIBLIOGRAPHY .. 234 AFTERWORD .. 239 COFFEE BREAKS Roller Chain Manufacturing Process .. 191A Brief History of Chain .. 211 The Tools Developed from Chain .. 235 Sizing Up Chain .. 236 Speed Variation .. 237xiiiPrefaceWhen most people hear the word Chain , they imagine a short-link Chain ,which consists of connected metal rings, or the type of Chain used on a motor-cycle or bicycle. However, chains of every size and description are used infactories, even though they are rarely seen in daily life. In fact, most peopleprobably don t notice that Chain is being used all around them, in parking ele-vators or escalators, for roller Chain , which is the ultimate in Chain design, and constitutes themajority of Chain produced today, is a relatively new invention.

9 Its history isonly about 100 years old. It is newer as a machine part than gears and Japan, the first Chain was imported with bicycles during the Meiji-period(1867~1912 ). Domestic production started when the supply from theUnited States and European countries was stopped during World War are two functions of Chain : power transmission and conveyance. Fortransmission roller chains, Japanese Chain makers gradually changed the prior-ity of production from bicycle Chain to industrial Chain . After World War II,these chains challenged the advanced Chain from the United States andEurope. Now they have achieved the highest levels in the world for both qual-ity and quantity. This holds true for conveyor Chain , as industries that are the main users of the Chain , including automobile,electronics, steel, chemical, environmental, food, bicycle, and motorcycleindustries, have developed new technologies and production methods thatrequire various high performance Chain . These industries are looking forimprovement in tensile strength, fatigue strength, abrasion resistance, environ-mental resistance, and efficiency, as well as perfection of maintenance-freechain products.

10 To satisfy these many requirements, Chain makers are makingevery effort to improve Chain s basic performance step by step. In addition,new Chain technologies, including rolling bearing systems, super engineeredplastic, and free flow chains, are being developed. Because of these two fac-tors, chains with special characteristics are now being his lifetime of experience, the editor of this book has helped todevelop most of these new types of Chain . He has also acquired a great dealof practical knowledge through his contacts with end users. Accordingly, thiscomprehensive book explains the points that readers may want to know,including the most important point: determining the quality of the Chain . Ihope this book can always be with you when you use m afraid some of the descriptions in this book may be either inadequate orhard to understand; therefore, I hope that readers will point out any mistakesand send me their comments and input. Furthermore, because this book isxivbased on a lot of technical data and specialized books, I would like to extendmany thanks to them all.


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