The Human Body

1 Sneak Preview The Human body Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology Black and white edition By Bruce wingerd Included in this preview: Copyrights Preface A Note to Students Table of Contents Chapter 1. For additional information on adopting this book for your class, please contact us at x71 or via e-mail at THE Human body . Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology Second Color Edition Bruce wingerd Bruce wingerd is Associate Dean of Biology at Broward Community College in Florida and previously taught at San Diego State University for 25 years.

2 He has taught Human anatomy, advanced Human anatomy, medical terminology, and anatomy and physiology. Between his numerous writing projects, he has run workshops on teaching anatomy and physiology for the benefit of local high school and junior high school teachers. Copyright 2008 by Bruce wingerd All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or using any other information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.

3 First published in the United States of America in 2007 by University Readers 12 11 10 09 08 12345. Printed in the United States of America The Human body : Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology is a revised and condensed version of The Human body : Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology, first published by Brooks/Cole in 1994. Illustration program provided courtesy of Thomson Learning and Jennifer Riggin. ISBN: 978-1-934269-11-4 (paper). A study guide along with full-color versions of all illustrations are available to students enrolled in a class using this textbook.

4 Go to PREFACE. - - gling through the mountains of terminology in anatomy and mation and technologies. - dents learn the essential information by using the process of concept building. If a student is able to form a mental image THE APPROACH AND. of a technical term's meaning or a process, learning becomes easier and lasts longer due to the mental connections that MAIN THEME. or literal description, the student is encouraged to visualize Human anatomy and physiology is a challenging topic for introductory-level learners, and mastering the material re- course, some memorizing is unavoidable, but providing stu- quires an investment of time and effort.

5 The second edition of The Human body meets this challenge by providing an ap- proach that encourages learning. The approach includes three the aid of concept-building tools, and using the process of of learning, the result can lead to personal and professional Integrating Structure and Function The Human body : Concepts of Anatomy and Physiology book's main approach is to establish a comfortable balance of to make the book an even better tool for learning. Many sug- structure and function for the beginning student.

6 At the out- - tion of a particular system. The more detailed information ideas have arisen from the changes that have occurred in sci- terms needed to fully understand and communicate function are provided. Then function is described, using the building- an improved learning tool for students. It remains my hope discussion, the functional importance of a structure is em- phasized. Learning with Concept-Building Tools The book's approach is also based on the notion that learn- NEW TO THE SECOND. complete if a conceptual foundation is provided.

7 Numerous EDITION concept-building tools are employed to establish this founda- tion. Each tool enables a student to establish a mental image - in the original text, in addition to recognizing opportunities The conceptual foundation is reinforced by logical explana- general, this second edition is a more balanced text that in- more reader-friendly style. The level of information has been information, and many high-quality illustrations that corre- spond directly to the text material. terms added and others deleted.

8 Explanations of many physi- ii Preface The Theme of Homeostasis Chapter 8: Organization of the The main theme of the text is the body 's remarkable ability to Nervous System PDLQWDLQ KRPHRVWDVLV +RZ WKH ERG\ DFKLHYHV KRPHRVWDVLV The nervous system is an extremely complex body system. despite changing conditions, the body components involved &RQVHTXHQWO\ LW LV RIWHQ RQH RI WKH PRVW GLI FXOW V\VWHPV WR . in its maintenance, and the consequences of the body 's fail- teach and learn. To make this task more reasonable, the chap- XUH WR PDLQWDLQ LW HIIHFWLYHO\ DUH WRSLFV WKDW DUH LQWHUZRYHQ WHU ZDV UHZULWWHQ WR LPSURYH XSRQ LWV FODULW\ RI SUHVHQWDWLRQ.

9 Throughout. In many chapters, the role of body tissues, or- ORJLFDO RZ RI LQIRUPDWLRQ DQG DSSURSULDWH OHYHO RI LQIRUPD- gans, and systems in maintaining and supporting homeostasis tion for beginning students. LV GLVFXVVHG DORQJ ZLWK WKHLU RWKHU IXQFWLRQV 7R HPSKDVL]H . the importance of homeostasis in the daily maintenance of health, this vital body function is also presented as a separate Chapter 13: The Cardiovascular System topic at the end of most chapters. This feature serves to con- The cardiovascular system has been studied intensively for QHFW KRPHRVWDVLV ZLWK WKH PDLQ IXQFWLRQV RI WKH ERG\ V\VWHP GHFDGHV UHVXOWLQJ LQ DQ H[SORVLRQ RI QHZ LQIRUPDWLRQ RQ QRU- discussed in the chapter.

10 Mal structure and function, and also on pathology and medi- cal treatment of cardiovascular disease. In an effort to bring WKLV QHZ LQIRUPDWLRQ WR OLJKW WKH FKDSWHU KDV EHHQ UHZULWWHQ . IMPROVED COVERAGE. Every chapter in the second edition of The Human body : Es- CONCEPT-BUILDING TOOLS. sentials of Anatomy and Physiology includes improvements WR ERWK WKH WH[W DQG WKH DUW SURJUDP IROORZLQJ WKH VXJJHV- $V LQ WKH UVW HGLWLRQ QXPHURXV FRQFHSW EXLOGLQJ WRROV DUH . tions of colleagues and students, and in response to changing incorporated into the text to assist student learning.]