THE KEYS TO UNLOCKING VOCABULARY’S C.O.D.E. …

1 THE keys TO UNLOCKINGVOCABULARY S Nancy SpaniakDirector of Curriculum, Instruction, and Professional DevelopmentHomewood-Flossmoor Community High School District reading LEAGUE DAY OF reading NOVEMBER 7, 2009 Today s ObjectiveParticipants Become familiar with vocabulary s a method for teaching content areaessential terms to improve studentessential terms to improve directly teach vocabulary ? vocabulary knowledge is the single mostimportant factor in reading comprehension. (Santa, Haven, Valdez, 2004) Direct vocabulary instruction increasesstudent comprehension of new material asstudent comprehension of new material asmuch as twelve percentile points.

2 (Marzano,Pickering, Pollock, 2001) The language of academic vocabulary is adecisive factor in closing the achievementgap. (Silver, 2004)Which words should we teach? Just those critical to content (Marzano, Pickering,Pollock, 2001) HF Dictionary of Academic TermsHow should we teach theseHow should we teach theseessential terms? With multiple exposures through a varietyof instructional strategies (Silver Strong & Associates,2004)KNOW THE CONNECTthe words beingintroduced to what thestudents already know. Personal Associations Synonyms Familiar Word Parts Context Clues DEEP PROCESSthe terms tointernalize their meanings.

3 Analogies and Metaphors Visual representations Writing & Discussion Context Clues Pictures ORGANIZEthe newvocabulary to discoverrelationships between terms. Graphic Organizers Brief Writing Activities EXERCISEthe words to gainownership. Playing games and havingfun with the Personal Associations Pictures#1 Connecting Strategy: Word Wall Post words withrelated pictures. Pictures add up to37% better better retention.(Marzano,2004) Update Word Wall asneeded but alwayskeep it in the : VOCABULARYKNOWLEDGE RATINGNAME _____VOCABULARY KNOWLEDGE RATING FORC hapter 3 ofAdvancing VocabularyDirections: Using the following scale, rate your knowledge of each term you write in the blanks the number that matches your knowledge of each term.

4 If you circle 3, write your definition on theline below. If you circle 4, write your example on the line am completelyI ve seen this termI think I know whatI know this term andunfamiliar withbefore but don t knowthis term meanscan give an it Students accessbackgroundknowledge. Teachers get insightinto studentfritter1234_____inadvertent1234__ ___inane1234_____juxtapose1234_____letha rgy1234_____sporadic1234_____subsidize12 34_____Add up all the numbers you circled and divide by the total number of terms to figure out your VocabularyKnowledge Rating Average.

5 _____ _____ = _____ The closer you are to 4, the better you knowthese words. The closer you are to 1, the more opportunity you have to learn into studentknowledge base. Preview importantconcepts. Use as active Lisa sambiguousfacial expression makes it impossible to say for sure what shewas feeling when her Leonardo DaVinci painted her being executed for speaking out against their her birthday, Kelly was extremely happy to discover that her friends hadembellishedher locker for her than doing their homework or chores around the house,some teensfritteraway all of their time playing video !

6 Although accidents areinadvertent,most can be avoided if one is careful and s name fits him perfectly because he s always this picture, the tree s black branchesjuxtaposedagainst the blue sky creates a striking student suffers fromlethargybecause he hasn t been getting enough sleep, hehasn t been eating right and, frankly, his teacher bores him to weekend forecast called for showers withsporadicperiods of sunshinesubsidizeMany parents can t afford tosubsidizetheir children s college educations, so the childrenhave to rely on scholarships and student : CONTENT FRAMETERMDEFINITIONEXAMPLE/PICTURE/ASSOC IATION ambiguousuncleardissidentA person opposed togovmt.

7 Or religionembellishfritterinadvertentinane juxtaposelethargysporadicsubsidizeCONNEC T: PERSONALVOCABULARY COLLECTIONGUIDE STUDENTS TOBECOME WORD CATCHERS Personal vocabulary Students should learn3,000 words during aschool year,(Marzano, 2004) Help students takecharge of their vocabularyexpansion, Personal VocabularyBookmarks vocabulary Notebookexpansion, How to discover wordmeanings: Context clues Ask someone Look up the term in adictionary or glossaryCONNECT: IDENTIFYINGCONTEXT CLUESR ememberE-SAGS!ExampleNelson Mandela, who led the fight against apartheid in South Africa, wasconsidered adissidentby the South African kidsfritteraway the day,wasting their timeas they play video the movie star pretended that being caught by the paparazzi wasinadvertent, her publicist hadpurposelyarranged the Sense of the SentenceTo celebrate her birthday, Kelly s friendsembellishedher locker with signs,streamers, and : CONTEXT CLUEPICTURE CAPTIONTHE TERM.

8 Ambiguous Students makeconnections to newvocabulary in twoways:THE CAPTION: The subject ofthe picture it a woman or an Eskimo? Visualizing the term; Describing, defining,or giving an exampleof the term in thepicture Discover relationshipsbetween terms. Graphic Organizers Graphic Organizers Brief WritingActivitiesORGANIZE: VOCABULARYTRIANGLE Students place a different word around eachangle of the triangle organizer. They connect each set of words around thetriangle through a sentence that meaningfullytriangle through a sentence that meaningfullyuses both words, or they make an associationbetween the pair.

9 Try it withfritter,lethargy, andsubsidize TERMTERMTERMORGANIZE: COMPARECONTRAST FRAME Students increasetheir understandingand improve long-term retention ofmajor concepts byTerm 1 Term 2 DifferencesSimilaritiesDifferencesmajor concepts bydetailing theirsimilarities anddifferences. Try it withinaneandinadvertent DEEP PROCESSING Internalize WordMeanings Analogies andMetaphors Visual Visualrepresentations Writing & DiscussionDEEP PROCESSING:SOUND ALIKES & PICTURE CLUES He acts soinanethat he must be insane! Hefrittersaway his day with constantTwitter play.

10 My hotdog sembellishedwith mustard, My hotdog sembellishedwith mustard,and PROCESSING:ANALOGIES Creating ANALOGIESFind a word to match with the term:a synonym, antonym, example, or attributeFind a pair of words that mirror the matchhypodermic : needle :: gauze: bandagehypothetical : unproven :: strange : weirdDEEP PROCESSING:METAPHORICAL THINKING Students go beyond definitions to makeassociations and analyze possible connections. Create metaphors from the terms themselves How is abureaucracylike a bureau, or chest of drawers?