The Online Library of Liberty

1 The Online Library of LibertyA Project Of Liberty Fund, Shakespeare,The complete Works of WilliamShakespeare Part 1 (The Oxford Shakespeare)[1916]The Online Library Of LibertyThis E-Book (PDF format) is published by Liberty Fund, Inc., a private,non-profit, educational foundation established in 1960 to encourage study of the idealof a society of free and responsible individuals. 2010 was the 50th anniversary year ofthe founding of Liberty is part of the Online Library of Liberty web , whichwas established in 2004 in order to further the educational goals of Liberty Fund, find out more about the author or title, to use the site's powerful search engine, tosee other titles in other formats (HTML, facsimile PDF)

2 , or to make use of thehundreds of essays, educational aids, and study guides, please visit the OLL web title is also part of the Portable Library of Liberty DVD which contains over1,000 books and quotes about Liberty and power, and is available free of charge cuneiform inscription that appears in the logo and serves as a design element inall Liberty Fund books and web sites is the earliest-known written appearance of theword freedom (amagi), or Liberty . It is taken from a clay document written about2300 in the Sumerian city-state of Lagash, in present day find out more about Liberty Fund, Inc., or the Online Library of Liberty Project,please contact the Director FUND, Allison Pointe Trail, Suite 300 Indianapolis, Indiana 46250-1684 Edition Used:The complete Works of William Shakespeare (The Oxford Shakespeare),ed.

3 With aglossary by Craig (Oxford University Press, 1916).Author:William ShakespeareEditor:William James CraigAbout This Title:The 1916 Oxford University Press edition of all of Shakespeare s plays and poems. Itwas published on the 300th anniversary of Shakespeare s death in 1616. Because ofthe large size of this file the book has been split into 2 parts. This is Part Library of Liberty : The complete Works of William Shakespeare Part 1 (The OxfordShakespeare)PLL (generated September, 2011)2 Liberty Fund: Liberty Fund, Inc. is a private, educational foundation established to encourage thestudy of the ideal of a society of free and responsible Information:The text is in the public Use Statement:This material is put Online to further the educational goals of Liberty Fund, otherwise stated in the Copyright Information section above, this material maybe used freely for educational and academic purposes.

4 It may not be used in any wayfor Library of Liberty : The complete Works of William Shakespeare Part 1 (The OxfordShakespeare)PLL (generated September, 2011)3 IN ENGLAND AT THE OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESSPREFACETHERE is no proof that Shakespeare personally superintended the printing of any ofhis plays. Although sixteen came separately from the press in small quarto volumesduring his lifetime, many, if not all, of these were published without the consent orsupervision of the author from copies often surreptitiously obtained from theplayhouse. At the time of Shakespeare s death in 1616, no less than twenty-one playsremained in manuscript.

5 Six years later, in 1622, one of these, Othello, was issued tothe public in quarto. It was not until 1623 that Shakespeare s actor friends, JohnHeming and Henry Condell, brought together the previously printed and unprinteddramas of which they knew him to be the author, and published them in a foliovolume in order to keep (as they wrote) the memory of so worthy a friend andfellow alive. Thirty-six plays were thus claimed for Shakespeare. The thirty-seventh, Pericles, had been first printed separately in quarto in 1609, but was not added to thecollection until the third folio appeared in text alike of the first folio and the quartos was doubtless supplied by playhousecopies which often embodied the ill-conditioned interpolations and alterations ofactors and theatrical managers.

6 As a rule the editors of 1623 followed where theycould the text of the quartos, but in a few cases they unwisely had recourse to lesscorrect copies. Moreover, the printers of both Elizabeth s and James I s reigns werevery liable to typographical error, and they introduced much that is unintelligible intothe original editions of Shakespeare s works. But in the absence of Shakespeare smanuscripts, the seventeen early quartos and the folio of 1623 jointly present, despitedefect of copyist and printer, the sole authorized version of the Shakespearean that version I have only ventured to deviate where it seemed to me that thecarelessness of either copyist or printer deprived a word or sentence wholly ofmeaning.

7 Editors of Shakespeare have sometimes denounced as corrupt and havepartially altered passages which owe their difficulty of interpretation to the presenceof some word or phrase rare in Shakespeare s day and long since obsolete. It has beenmy endeavour to avoid this danger. I have only adopted a change after convincingmyself that the characteristics of Shakespeare s vocabulary or literary style failed tojustify the original the uncertain orthography of the old editions I have substituted the recognizedorthography of the present day. But metrical considerations occasionally render theretention of the older spelling necessary, and I have deemed it desirable to adhere tothe older forms of a few words which modern orthography has practically shapedanew.

8 The punctuation has been thoroughly revised, and, to increase facilities ofreference, I have numbered the lines at shorter intervals than have been seeking to emend corrupt passages I have carefully considered the suggestions ofmy many predecessors, and from few of those who have already laboured in the fieldof textual criticism have I failed to derive some enlightenment. Of the older editors, Online Library of Liberty : The complete Works of William Shakespeare Part 1 (The OxfordShakespeare)PLL (generated September, 2011)4 , whose edition of Shakespeare appeared in 1733, and Capell, whose editionappeared in 1768, have proved most helpful.

9 Among more modern editions I amchiefly indebted to the work of Delius, Dyce, and the Cambridge editors. A very fewof the emendations which I have adopted are now introduced into the text for the firsttime. My thanks are due to my friend Mr. P. A. Daniel for many useful have appended a short glossary, which I trust will adequately explain the meaning ofthe obsolete words which Shakespeare J. OF ILLUSTRATIONSSHAKESPEARE,from the Chandos facepageMERRY WIVES OF WINDSORR. Smirke51 SHAKESPEARE S BIRTHPLACEW. ADO ABOUT NOTHINGF. Wheatley151 LOVE S LABOUR S LOSTF. Wheatley175 THE TAMING OF THE SHREWI. I. Ibbetson282 TWELFTH-NIGHTE.

10 A. Abbey351 HUNRYVI. Part 2W. Hamilton622 RICHARDIIIR. Westall710 HENRYVIIIT. Stothard740 ROMEO AND JULIETW. Miller890 MACBETHR. Westall993 HAMLETH enrietta Rae1039 KING LEARR. Smirke1071 THE SHAKESPEARE MEMORIAL TREATRE, HATHAWAY S COTTAGEW. from the Chandos Library of Liberty : The complete Works of William Shakespeare Part 1 (The OxfordShakespeare)PLL (generated September, 2011)5 TEMPESTDRAMATIS PERSON .ALONSO,King of ,his ,the right Duke of ,his Brother, the usurping Duke of ,Son to the King of ,an honest old ,}FRANCISCO,} ,a savage and deformed ,a ,a drunken of a Ship, Boatswain, ,Daughter to ,an airy ,}CERES,}JUNO,}Nymphs, }Reapers, }presented by Spirits attending on The Sea, with a Ship; afterwards an On A Ship At Sea.