The Renal Drug Handbook - SGUL

1 The Renal Drug HandbookThird EdiTionThe Renal Drug HandbookThird EdiTionEdited byCaroline Ashley and Aileen CurrieUK Renal Pharmacy GroupForeword byDr Aine Burnsradcliffe PublishingOxford New YorkRadcliffe Publishing Ltd18 Marcham RoadAbingdonOxon OX14 1 AAUnited catalogue and worldwide online ordering facility. 2009 Caroline Ashley and Aileen CurrieFirst Edition 1999 Second Edition 2004 Caroline Ashley and Aileen Currie have asserted their right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1998 to be identified as the authors of this work. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of these guidelines, and that the best information available has been used.

2 This does not diminish the requirement to exercise clinical judgement, and neither the publishers nor the original authors can accept any responsibility for their use in Library Cataloguing in Publication DataA catalogue record for this book is available from the British : 978 184619 298 2 Typeset by Pindar NZ, Auckland, New ZealandPrinted and bound by TJI Digital, Padstow, Cornwall, UKContentsForeword xiiiPreface xivAbout the editors xviiiList of abbreviations xixAbacavir 1 Abatacept 2 Abciximab 3 Acamprosate calcium 4 Acarbose 5 Acebutolol 6 Aceclofenac 7 Acenocoumarol (nicoumalone) 8 Acetazolamide 10 Acetylcysteine 11 Aciclovir iV 12 Aciclovir oral 14 Acipimox 15 Acitretin 16 Acrivastine 17 Adefovir dipivoxil 18 Adenosine 19 Adrenaline (epinephrine) 20 Albendazole (unlicensed product) 21 Alemtuzumab (MabCampath) 22 Alendronic acid 23 Alfacalcidol 24 Alfentanil 25 Alimemazine tartrate (trimeprazine) 27 Aliskiren fumarate 28 Allopurinol 29 Almotriptan 30 Alteplase (rt-PA) (recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator)

3 31 Aluminium hydroxide 33 Amantadine hydrochloride 34 Amikacin 35 Amiloride hydrochloride 36 Aminophylline 37 Amiodarone hydrochloride 39 Amisulpride 41 Amitriptyline hydrochloride 42 Amlodipine 44 Amoxicillin 45 Amphotericin iV Abelcet (lipid complex) 46 Amphotericin iV Ambisome (liposomal) 47 Amphotericin iV Amphocil (complex with sodium cholester yl sulphate) 49 Amphotericin iV Fungizone 50 Ampicillin 52 Amprenavir 53 Amsacrine 55 Anagrelide 56 Anastrozole 57 Anidulafungin 58 Apomorphine hydrochloride 59 Aprepitant 60 Argatroban 61 Aripiprazole 62 Arsenic trioxide 63 Artemether with lumefantrine 64 Ascorbic acid 65 Aspirin 66 Atazanavir 67 Atenolol 69 ATG (rabbit) (Thymoglobuline) 70 Ator vastatin 72 Atovaquone 73 Atracurium besilate 74 Auranofin 75 Azathioprine 76 Azithromycin 77 Aztreonam 78 Baclofen 79 Balsalazide sodium 80 Basiliximab 81 Bemiparin sodium (LMWh) 82 Bendroflumethiazide 83vi ConTEnTsBenzatropine mesilate (benztropine) 84 Benzbromarone (unlicensed product) 85 Benzylpenicillin 86 Betahistine dihydrochloride 87 Betamethasone 88 Betaxolol hydrochloride 89 Bevacizumab 90 Bezafibrate 91 Bicalutamide 92 Bisacodyl 93 Bisoprolol fumarate 94 Bivalirudin 95 Bleomycin 96 Bortezomib 97 Bosentan 98 Bromocriptine 99 Budesonide 100 Bumetanide 101 Buprenorphine 102 Bupropion hydrochloride (amfebutamone hCl) 103 Buspirone hydrochloride 104 Busulfan 105 Cabergoline 106 Calcitonin (salmon)

4 /salcatonin 107 Calcitriol 108 Calcium acetate 109 Calcium carbonate 110 Calcium gluconate 111 Calcium resonium 112 Candesartan cilexetil 113 Capecitabine 114 Capreomycin 115 Captopril 116 Carbamazepine 117 Carbimazole 119 Carboplatin 120 Carmustine 121 Car vedilol 122 Caspofungin 123 Cefaclor 124 Cefadroxil 125 Cefalexin 126 Cefixime 127 Cefotaxime 128 Cefpodoxime 129 Cefradine 130 Ceftazidime 131 Ceftriaxone 132 Cefuroxime (oral) 133 Cefuroxime (parenteral) 134 Celecoxib 135 Celiprolol hydrochloride 137 Cetirizine hydrochloride 138 Cetuximab 139 Chloral hydrate 140 Chlorambucil 141 Chloramphenicol 142 Chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride 143 Chloroquine 144 Chlorphenamine maleate (chlorpheniramine) 145 Chlorpromazine hydrochloride 146 Chlorpropamide 148 Chlortalidone (chlorthalidone) 149 Ciclosporin 150 Cidofovir 152 Cilazapril 153 Cilostazol 154 Cimetidine 155 Cinacalcet 157 Cinnarizine 158 Ciprofibrate 159 Ciprofloxacin 160 Cisplatin 161 Citalopram 163 Cladribine 164 Clarithromycin 165 Clindamycin 167 Clobazam 168 Clofazimine 169 Clomethiazole (chlormethiazole) 170 Clomipramine hydrochloride 171 Clonazepam 173 Clonidine hydrochloride 174 Clopidogrel 175 Clozapine 176Co-amoxiclav (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid) 178Co-beneldopa (Madopar) 179Co-careldopa (sinemet) 180Co-codamol (paracetamol and codeine phosphate) 181 Codeine phosphate 182Co-dydramol (paracetamol and dihydrocodeine) 183 ConTEnTs viiColchicine 184 Colestipol hydrochloride 185 Colestyramine (cholestyramine) 186 Colistin 187 Cortisone acetate 189Co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole)

5 190 Cyclizine 192 Cyclopenthiazide 193 Cyclophosphamide 194 Cycloserine 195 Cyproterone acetate 196 Cytarabine 197 Cytomegalovirus (CMV) human immunoglobulin (unlicensed product) 199dacarbazine 200daclizumab 201dactinomycin 202dalteparin sodium (LMWh) 203danaparoid sodium 205dapsone 207daptomycin 208darbepoetin alfa 209darifenacin 210darunavir 211dasatinib 212daunorubicin 213deferasirox 214deferiprone 215deflazacort 216demeclocycline hydrochloride 217desferrioxamine mesilate 218desirudin (unlicensed product) 220desloratadine 221desmopressin (ddAVP) 222dexamethasone 223dexibuprofen 224 Dexketoprofen 225diamorphine hydrochloride 226diazepam 227diazoxide 228diclofenac sodium 229didanosine 231digitoxin 232digoxin 233dihydrocodeine tartrate 234diltiazem hydrochloride 235dipyridamole 236disodium etidronate 237disodium pamidronate 238disopyramide 239disulfiram 241dobutamine 242docetaxel 243dolasetron mesilate 244domperidone 245donepezil hydrochloride 246dopamine hydrochloride 247dopexamine hydrochloride 248dornase alfa 249dosulepin hydrochloride (dothiepin) 250doxapram hydrochloride 252doxazosin 253doxorubicin hydrochloride 254doxycycline 255drotrecogin alfa 256duloxetine 257 Efalizumab 258 Efavirenz 259 Eletriptan 260 Emtricitabine 261 Enalapril maleate 262 Enfuvirtide 263 Enoxaparin sodium (LMWh) 264 Entecavir 266 Epirubicin hydrochloride 267 Eplerenone 268 Epoetin alfa (Eprex) 270 Epoetin beta (neorecormon) 271 Epoprostenol (prostacyclin)

6 272 Eprosartan 273 Eptifibatide 274 Erlotinib 275 Ertapenem 276Er ythromycin 277 Escitalopram 279 Esmolol hydrochloride 280 Esomeprazole 281 Estramustine phosphate 282 Etamsylate 283 Ethambutol hydrochloride 284 Ethosuximide 285 Etodolac 286 viii ConTEnTsEtomidate 288 Etoposide 289 Etoricoxib 291 Everolimus (unlicensed product) 293 Exenatide 294 Ezetimibe 295 Famciclovir 296 Famotidine 297 Felodipine 298 Fenofibrate 299 Fenoprofen 300 Fentanyl 302 Ferrous gluconate 303 Ferrous sulphate 304 Fexofenadine hydrochloride 305 Filgrastim 306 Finasteride 307 Flecainide acetate 308 Flucloxacillin 310 Fluconazole 311 Flucytosine 313 Fludarabine phosphate 314 Fludrocortisone acetate 315 Flumazenil 316 Fluorouracil 317 Fluoxetine 318 Flupentixol 320 Fluphenazine 321 Flurbiprofen 322 Flutamide 324 Fluvastatin 325 Fluvoxamine maleate 326 Folic acid 327 Folinic acid (calcium folinate) 328 Fondaparinux sodium 329 Formoterol fumarate (eformoterol) 330 Fosamprenavir 331 Foscarnet sodium 332 Fosinopril sodium 333 Fosphenytoin sodium 334 Frovatriptan 336 Fulvestrant 337 Furosemide (frusemide) 338 Gabapentin 340 Galantamine 341 Ganciclovir 342 Gemcitabine 343 Gemfibrozil 344 Gentamicin 345 Glibenclamide 346 Gliclazide 347 Glimepiride 348 Glipizide 349 Glycer yl trinitrate 350 Granisetron 351 Griseofulvin 352 Guanethidine monosulphate 353haloperidol 354heparin 356hydralazine hydrochloride 357hydrocortisone acetate 358hydrocortisone sodium succinate 359hydromorphone hydrochloride 360hydroxycarbamide (hydroxyurea)

7 361hydroxychloroquine sulphate 362hydroxyzine hydrochloride 363hyoscine butylbromide 364hyoscine hydrobromide 365ibandronic acid 366ibuprofen 368idarubicin hydrochloride 369ifosfamide 371iloprost 373imatinib 374imidapril hydrochloride 375imipramine hydrochloride 376indapamide 378indinavir 379indometacin 381indoramin 383inositol nicotinate 384insulin soluble (Actrapid or humulin s) 385inter feron alfa-2a (roferon-A) 386inter feron alfa-2b 387inter feron beta 389 Interferon gamma-1b (Immukin) 390ipratropium bromide 391irbesartan 392irinotecan hydrochloride 393iron dextran 5% solution 394iron sucrose 395isoniazid 396 ConTEnTs ixisosorbide dinitrate 397isosorbide mononitrate 398isotretinoin 399 Ispaghula husk 400isradipine 401itraconazole 402ivabradine hydrochloride 404 Ketamine 405 Ketoconazole 406 Ketoprofen 408 Ketorolac trometamol 410 Klean-Prep 412 Labetalol hydrochloride 413 Lacidipine 414 Lactulose 415 Lamivudine 416 Lamotrigine 417 Lansoprazole 418 Lanthanum carbonate 419 Leflunomide 420 Lenalidomide 421 Lenograstim 422 Lepirudin 423 Lercanidipine hydrochloride 425 Letrozole 426 Leuprorelin acetate 427 Levamisole (unlicensed product) 428 Levetiracetam 429 Levocetirizine hydrochloride 430 Levofloxacin 431 Levomepromazine (methotrimeprazine) 432 Levothyroxine sodium (thyroxine) 434 Lidocaine hydrochloride 435 Linezolid 436 Liothyronine sodium (tri-iodothyronine)

8 437 Lisinopril 438 Lithium carbonate 439 Lofepramine 441 Lomustine 442 Loperamide hydrochloride 443 Lopinavir 444 Loratadine 445 Lorazepam 446 Lormetazepam 447 Losartan potassium 448 Lymecycline 449 Mebendazole 450 Medroxyprogesterone acetate 451 Mefenamic acid 453 Mefloquine 455 Meloxicam 456 Melphalan 458 Mepacrine hydrochloride (unlicensed product) 460 Meptazinol 461 Mercaptopurine 462 Meropenem 463 Mesalazine 464 Mesna 465 Metformin hydrochloride 466 Methadone hydrochloride 467 Methenamine hippurate 468 Methotrexate 469 Methyldopa 471 Methylprednisolone 472 Metoclopramide hydrochloride 473 Metolazone 474 Metoprolol tartrate 475 Metronidazole 477 Mexiletine hydrochloride 478 Miconazole 479 Midazolam 480 Midodrine hydrochloride (unlicensed product) 481 Minocycline 482 Minoxidil 483 Mircera 484 Mirtazapine 485 Misoprostol 486 Mitomycin 487 Mitoxantrone 488 Mivacurium 489 Mizolastine 490 Moclobemide 491 Modafinil 492 Moexipril hydrochloride 493 Montelukast 494 Morphine 495 Movicol (active ingredient is the osmotic laxative polyethylene glycol) 496 Moxifloxacin 497 Moxisylyte (thymoxamine) 498 Moxonidine 499x ConTEnTsMuromonab-Cd3 (oKT3) (unlicensed product) 500 Mycophenolate 501nabumetone 502nadolol 504naftidrofur yl oxalate 505nalidixic acid 506naloxone hydrochloride 507naproxen 508naratriptan 510nateglinide 511nebivolol 512nefopam hydrochloride 513nelfinavir 514neomycin sulphate 515neostigmine 516netilmicin 517nevirapine 518nicardipine hydrochloride 519nicorandil 520nicotinic acid 521nifedipine 522nimodipine 523nisoldipine 524nitrazepam 525nitrofurantoin 526nizatidine 527noradrenaline acid tartrate (norepinephrine bitartrate)

9 528norfloxacin 529normal human immunoglobulin 530nortriptyline 532nystatin 533octreotide 534oestrogen, conjugated (unlicensed product) 535ofloxacin 536olanzapine 537olmesartan medoxomil 538olsalazine sodium 539omalizumab 540omeprazole 541ondansetron 542orlistat 543orphenadrine hydrochloride 544oseltamivir 545oxaliplatin 546oxazepam 547oxcarbazepine 548oxprenolol hydrochloride 549oxybutynin hydrochloride 550oxycodone hydrochloride 551oxytetracycline 552 Paclitaxel 553 Paliperidone 554 Palonosetron 555 Pancreatin 556 Pancuronium bromide 557 Pantoprazole 558 Papaveretum 559 Paracetamol 560 Parecoxib 561 Paricalcitol 563 Paroxetine 564 Pegfilgrastim 565 Peginter feron alfa 566 Pemetrexed 567 Penicillamine 568 Pentamidine isetionate 569 Pentostatin 571 Pentoxifylline (oxpentifylline) 572 Perindopril erbumine 573 Pethidine hydrochloride 574 Phenelzine 575 Phenindione 576 Phenobarbital (phenobarbitone) 577 Phenoxymethylpenicillin (penicillin V) 579 Phentolamine mesilate 580 Phenytoin 581 Phosphate supplements 583 Phytomenadione (vitamin K1) 584 Pimozide 585 Pindolol 586 Pioglitazone 587 Piperazine 588 Piracetam 589 Piroxicam 590 Pivmecillinam hydrochloride 591 Pizotifen 592 Posaconazole 593 Potassium chloride 595 Pramipexole 596 Pravastatin sodium 597 ConTEnTs xiPraziquantel (unlicensed product) 598 Prazosin 599 Prednisolone 600 Pregabalin 601 Primaquine phosphate 602 Primaxin (imipenem/cilastatin)

10 603 Primidone 604 Procainamide hydrochloride 606 Procarbazine 608 Prochlorperazine 609 Procyclidine hydrochloride 610 Proguanil hydrochloride 611 Promazine hydrochloride 612 Promethazine hydrochloride 613 Propafenone hydrochloride 614 Propiverine hydrochloride 615 Propofol 616 Propranolol hydrochloride 617 Propylthiouracil 619 Protamine sulphate 620 Pseudoephedrine hydrochloride 621 Pyrazinamide (unlicensed product) 622 Pyridostigmine bromide 623 Pyridoxine hydrochloride 624 Pyrimethamine 625 Quetiapine 626 Quinagolide 627 Quinapril 628 Quinine 629rabeprazole sodium 630raloxifene hydrochloride 631raltitrexed 632ramipril 633ranitidine 634rasagiline 635rasburicase 636reboxetine 637remifentanil 638repaglinide 639reteplase 640ribavirin (tribavirin) 641rifabutin 643rifampicin 645rimonabant 647risedronate sodium 648risperidone 649ritonavir 650rituximab 652rivastigmine 653rizatriptan 654rocuronium bromide 655ropinirole 656rosiglitazone 657rosuvastatin 658rotigotine 659salbutamol 660saquinavir 661senna 662sertindole 663sertraline 665sevelamer (renagel ) 666sibutramine hydrochloride 667sildenafil 668simple linctus 669simvastatin 670sirolimus 671sitagliptin 673sodium bicarbonate 674sodium chloride 675sodium clodronate 676sodium fusidate 677sodium nitroprusside 678sodium valproate 679sorafenib 680sotalol hydrochloride 681spiro