This book, Managing Health in the Aluminium Industry ...

1 This book, Managing Health in the Aluminium Industry ,constitutes the proceedings of the international Conference on ManagingHealth Issues in the Aluminium Industry held in montreal , Canada,October 26 29, meeting was sponsored by the international PrimaryAluminium Institute and The Aluminum Association in co-operationwith the Aluminium Federation of South Africa, theAluminiumindustriens Miljosekretariat of Norway, the AustralianAluminium Council, the European Aluminium Association, the JapanLight Metal Association and the Quebec Aluminium Photograph. Aluminium potline kindly provided by Health in the Aluminium Industryedited byNicholas D. PriestProfessor of Environmental Toxicology, MiddlesexUniversity, United KingdomandThomas V. O DonnellEmeritus Professor of Medicine, University of Otago, NewZealandInternational Primary Aluminium InstituteLondonThe Aluminum AssociationWashington, DCMiddlesex University PressLondon, EnglandCONTENTSP refaceHealth Issues within the Aluminium Industryby Nicholas D.

2 Priest and Thomas V. O DonnelliForwardAddress to Delegatesby George T. Haymaker Jnr., Chairman, InternationalPrimary Aluminium InstituteiiiChapter 1 Overview of Health Issues for the Past Twenty-FiveYears in the Aluminium Industryby John W. Kelly1 Industry Exposures and MonitoringChair: Eirik Nordheim, Homer M. Cole, Bob James andBert DinmanChapter 2 What Do We Need to Monitor in the Workplace?by Joe Damiano8 Chapter 3 Studies of Chemical and Physical Emissions fromWelding Aluminium Alloysby Homer M. Cole21 Chapter 4 Hot Environments, Control of Exposuresby Claude Larivi re37 Chapter 5 EMF and Health : Overviewby Doreen G. Hill44 Chapter 6 EMF Measurements in the Aluminium Industryby Greg Rawls45 Chapter 7A Case of Lymphatic Leukaemia in a S derbergAluminium Smelter Preportedly Caused by StaticElectromagnetic Field Exposures: Analysis andImplicationsby Bert Dinman56 Chapter 8 Biomonitoring of Aluminium in Production Workers68by Francis PierreChapter 9 Biological Monitoring of PAH: Review and Updateby Frans J.

3 Jongeneelen90 Epidemiological StudiesChair: Mark Cullen and John KellyChapter 10 Industry -Sponsored Studies on the Biokinetics andBioavailability of Aluminium in Manby Nicholas D. Priest105 Chapter 11 Respiratory Tract Translocation and Bioavailability ofAluminiumby Richard Schlesinger130 Chapter 12 Occupational Cancer Overview: Aluminium Reductionby Graham W. Gibbs135 Chapter 13 How to Evaluate Benzo(a)pyrene Exposure Profile inCompensation Claims for Lung or Bladder Cancerby Jocelyne Brunelle154 Chapter 14 Assessment of Community Health Risks: The Case ofLung Cancer and Aluminium Smelter Emissionsby Graham W. Gibbs160 Chapter 15 Assessment of Cancer Risk in Aluminium PlantMunicipalities in Norway Associated with PAHE missions to Ambient Airby Alf R nneberg176 Chapter 16 Estimation of Area Concentrations of PAH and Fluoridesfrom Process Parameters in VSS Potrooms at ThreeNorwegian Aluminium Plantsby P l Roumunstad183 Respiratory IssuesChair: Tom V.

4 O Donnell and John FisherChapter 17 Occupational Asthma: Overview and Managementby Thomas V. O Donnell190 Chapter 18 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Prevention byRepetitive Spirometryby Richard R. Martin201 Chapter 19A Prospective Study of Respiratory Health inAluminium Smelter Workersby Joel D. Kaufman213 Chapter 20 Healthwise: A Study of Health in Aluminium Workersby John N. Fisher224 Chapter 21 Respiratory Surveillance of the Workforceby Per A. Drabl s240 Chapter 22 Effective Management of Respiratory Protectionby Linda M. Kissane246 Chapter 23 Can We Change Smoking Habits?by Mano Capano254 Alzheimer s Disease and Neurocognitive FuctionChair: Dean Belk and Sey EpsteinChapter 24 Alzheimer s Disease: New Trendsby Serg Gauthier256 Chapter 25 Does Aluminium Play a Role in Neurodegeneration? AnUpdateby Daniel P. Perl260 Chapter 26 The Role of Aluminium in Alzheimer s Diseaseby Henry M.

5 Wisniewski263 Chapter 27 Biological Estimates of Aluminium Exposure and itsEffects on the Nervous System in OccupationallyExposed Workersby Bengt Sj gren274 Chapter 28 Neurophysiological Methodsby Karen I. Bolla278 Chapter 29 Report on the Workshop on the Feasibility of a ChronicNeurotoxicity Study of Aluminium Administered in theDrinking Water of Animalsby Shalini Gupta283 Chapter 30 Monomeric Organic Aluminium as a Risk Factor forAlzheimer s Diseaseby Eric Gauthier289 Chapter 31Is Aluminium in Drinking Water a Neurotoxic Risk toHumans?by George Becking300 Industry Management IssuesChair: Chris Laszcz-Davis and Ian ArnoldChapter 32 Strategies in Managing Occupational Health : SomeExperiences from Hydro Aluminiumby Rolf Marstrander308 Chapter 33 Strategy for Manageing Occupational Health inDecentralised Companies: A Plant Site Perspectiveby Suzanne Waters314 Chapter 34 Managing Occupational Health Programmes inDecentralised Companies: The Outsourcing Approachby William L.

6 Dyson319 Chapter 35 Managing Occupational Health , Industrial Hygiene andSafety: A Global Perspectiveby Ian Arnold321 Chapter 36 Strategies in Managing Occupational HealthProgrammes in Alcoaby William J. O Rourke. INDEXSUBJECT INDEXAUTHOR INDEXA rnold, Ian M. , F68 Becking, George300 Bolla, Karen , Jocelyn154 Capano, Mano254 Cohen, Martin , Homer, , , Joe8 Daroowalla, Feroza , J. Philip105 Diebold, , Bertram s, Per , William , Keith105 Fisher, John , I289 Gauthier, Eric289 Gauthier, Serge256 Gauvreau, , Graham , 160 Good, Paul , Shalini283 Haldorsen, Tor183 Haymaker, George T., ,Hill, Doreen , Frans , Joel , John , Linda re, Claude37 Lidsky, T. , Rolf308 Martin, Richard , John105 Mortimer, , Nancy , Don105O Donnell, Thomas Rourke, William J., , Daniel , Francis68 Priest, Nichloas , 105, 300 Rawls, Greg45 Romundstad, P l176, 183R nneberg, Alf176, 183 Sama, Susan , Richard , Noah gren, Bengt274 Talbot, Bob105 Thomas, Barry283 Waters, Suzanne314 Wisniewski, Henry INDEXAC fields EMF, 46 Airway obstruction, 202 Alcoa welding study, 27, 32 Allergy, 215 Alumina dust, 71 Aluminium -26, 7, 105, 107, 286 Aluminium - Alzheimer s disease, 261, 267 - bioavailability, 294 - biomonitoring, 68 - body retention equations, 123 - body retention, 111 - chelation, 269 - cognition, 276 - drinking water, 125, 300 - effects on brain, 265, 301 - encephalopathy, 301 - environmental, 107 - excretion, 108, 275 - faecal excretion, 108 - in brain, 267 - industrial airconcentrations, 73 - inhalation sources, 69 - plasma binding.

7 106 - plasma concentrations, 78 - short term metabolism, 110 - speciation in water, 292 - toxicity, 301 - urine excretion, 108, 275 - water treatment, 284 Aluminium alloys, 29 Aluminium bioavailability, 105, 115 Aluminium biokinetics, 105 Aluminium casting exposures, 11 Aluminium citrate, 108 Aluminium excretion, 70, 106 Aluminium fluoride, 71 Aluminium fluoride, 85 Aluminium hydroxide, 113 Aluminium oxide, 132 Aluminium smelting exposures, 11 Aluminium sulphate, 300 Aluminium welders, 106 Aluminosis, 274 Aluminum Association, 5, 21, 105, 137 Alzheimer s disease, 4, 256, 260, 283 - Aluminium , 261, 264, 289, 302 - ApoE4, 257 - chelation therapy, 269 - diagnosis, 256, 291 - drinking water, 283 - epidemiology, 268, 289, 304 - iron, 261 - manganese, 261 - pathology, 264, 303 - pathology, 303 Ambient air, 177 American Industrial Hygiene Association, 9 Amyloid plaques, 264 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 284 Animal inhalation studies, 131 Animal studies, 131, 270, 283 Antimony, 34 ApoE4, 257, 293 Aromatic DNA-adducts, 92 Asthma - diagnosis, 193 - management, 196 - occupational, 190 - prevalence, 244 - prevention, 197 - risk factors, 195 - incidence, 191 Atopy, 231 Australian Aluminium Council, 192B(a)P - biomonitoring, 91 - blood proteins, 94 - cancer, 138 - concentrations in air, 179 - DNA adducts, 94 - exposure profiles, 156 - risk attribution, 155 - risk estimates, 179 Bauxite mining exposures, 10 Bauxite refining exposures, 10 Bayer process, 10 Benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P))

8 , 14, 91 Beryllium fume, 27 Bioavailability - Aluminium , 105, 133, 120, 130 - ingested Aluminium , 113 - inhaled Aluminium , 120, 130 Biokinetics - Aluminium , 105 Biological monitoring, 15 - PAHs, 99 Biomarkers, 15 - PAHs, 92, 95 Biomonitoring - Aluminium , 68, 72 - PAHs, 90 Bladder cancer - early detection, 157 - workers, 138, 143, 157 Blood concentrations - Aluminium , 117 Brain - Aluminium content, 267 Brain cancer - workers, 150 Bronchitis - chronic, 2, 190, 233 Cancer - all, 178 - bladder, 138, 154, 157 - brain, 150 - compensation, 154 - dose response, 142 - intestines, 178 - kidney, 141 - leukaemia, 150 - lung, 136, 154 - lymphoma, 142 - multiple myeloma, 146 - occupational, 135 - pancreas, 139 - stomach, 151, 178 Cancer risk, 2, 176 Central nervous system (CNS), 278 Chelation of Aluminium , 269 Chromium, 13 Chronic obstructive lungdisease (COPD), 2 Coal tar pitch volatiles (CTPVs)

9 , 2, 14, 161, 176 Community Health , 3, 160, 176 Compensation, 3 Compensation for disease, 154 COPD, 2, 190, 201 - incidence, 245 - occupational, 203 - prevalence, 204, 245 Copper fume, 26 Cryolite, 13 CSST, 154 CTPV - lymphoma, 57 - lung cancer, 155DC fields EMF, 46 Dialysis dementia, 4, 265, 303 Dialysis dementia - pathology, 303 Diesel emissions, 16 Disease - environmental, 160 Dose response curve, 169 Drinking water, 4, 290, 300 Drinking water - Aluminium , 125, 283 Dust inhalation, 70 Electric fields, 44, 45 EMF - AC and DC fields, 46, 56 - effects acute exposure, 58 - effects chronic exposure, 58 - exposure by job, 50, 53 - Health , 44, 58, 60 - industrial exposures, 60 - leukaemia, 56 - lymphoma, 57 - power lines, 56 - TLV standards, 48 EMF measurements, 45, 48 Emissions - fluoride, 185 - PAHs, 185 - welding, 21 Employment - duration, 230 Encephalopathy - dialysis, 265 Environment - hot, 37 Environmental Protection Act (Canada), 4 Epidemiology, 281, 289 Exposures - Aluminium casting, 11 - Aluminium dusts, 70 - Aluminium extrusion, 12 - Aluminium forging, 12 - Aluminium rolling, 12 - Aluminium smelting, 11 - B(a)P, 91 - bauxite mining, 10 - bauxite refining, 10 - EMF by job, 50, 53 - fluorides, 79 - profiles for B(a)

10 P, 156 Faecal excretion - Aluminium , 108 FEV1, 198, 201, 216, 242 Fluoride, 2, 183, 248 - inhalation, 79 - monitoring, 217 Fluorides - smelter emissions, 185 Fluorocarbons, 13 Foundry dust, 71 Foundry workers, 275 Fume - Beryllium, 27, 34 - copper, 26 - magnesium oxide, 25, 31 FVC, 202, 216 Gallium, 107, 112 Guam - dementia, 260 Harwell Laboratory, 105 Health - mines, 214 - refineries, 213 Health and safety, 308 Health Canada, 283 Health - education, 317 - monitoring, 198 - of workers, 224 - screening, 157 Heat stress, 37 Heat stress prevention, 39 Hot environment, 37 House dust mite, 215 Hydroxy benzo(a)pyrene, 95 Hydroxypyrene in urine, 95 Hygiene and safety management, 321 Inhaled Aluminium - bioavailabilty, 120, 130 Inhaled particles - lymphatic system, 131 international Primary Aluminium Association, 6, 105 Intestinal cancer - public, 178 IPCS - Aluminium , 305 Iron - Alzheimer s disease, 261 Kidney cancer - workers, 141 Latency period, 172 Leukaemia - EMF, 56 - workers, 150 Lithium, 34 Lung cancer - gender differences, 165 - PAHs, 161 - workers, 136, 154 Magnesium oxide fume, 25, 31 Magnetic fields, 44, 45 Manganese, 34 Manganese - Alzheimer s disease, 261 Martin Marietta Aerospace, 22 Martin Marietta welding study, 24 Mechanical clearance - inhaled Aluminium , 120, 131 Medical coaching, 42 Metal fumes, 24 Metal working fluids, 18 Methacholine challenge, 215 Mines - Health , 214 Modelling - smelter emissions.