TorrefactionDemonstrationPlants - Pellet

1 We accept the challenge! EyerTorrefaction Demonstration PlantsWPAC Conference/AGM Quebec City 2012 Placeholder for picture(s);the gray area must be filled COMPLETELY with one or more individual picture(s)Torrefaction of biomasscan be described as a mild form of thermal conversion (controlledcarbonisation) at temperatures typically ranging between 250-300 C in the absence ofoxygen. During torrefaction the biomass properties are changed to obtain a much better fuelquality (increased heating value) for combustion, gasification and co-firing in conventionalcoal-fired power plants and steel industry. Low calorific components are transferred to the Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 2 The torrefaction objective is to improve the energy properties of biomass within a definedresidence time and temperature less than 300 ECN, Kiel is torrefaction?

2 The added value of torrefaction Torrefaction (+ densification) enables energy-efficient (>90%) upgrading of biomassinto commodity solid biofuels with favorable properties in view of logistics and end-use Favorable properties include high energy density, better water resistance, slowerbiodegradation, improved grind-ability, homogenized material properties Therefore, cost savings in handling and transport, advanced trading schemes(futures) possible, capex savings at end user ( outside storage, direct co-millingand co-feeding), higher co-firing percentages and enabling technology forgasification-based biofuels and bio-chemicals production Applicable to a wide range of lignocellulose biomass feedstockTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 3 Source ECN, Kiel of biomass "The polymeric structure of woodyand herbaceous biomasscomprises mainly cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin.

3 "During torrefaction mainly thehemicellulose is decomposed -Water, CO2, CO and variousorganic acids are transferred intothe gaseous Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 4 Main decomposition regimes are based on Koukis (1982)Andritz Torrefaction TechnologiesTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 5 Two Main technology PlatformsLarge plants: up to t/a per lineSmall / medium plants: t/aAndritz/ECN Torrefaction DesignAndritz ACB Torrefaction Design*Industrial Demo Plant (1 t/h) in Denmarkstarting up in 3rdquarter 2012 Industrial Demo Plant (1 t/h) in Austria inoperation from 4thquarter , moving bed reactorAndritz/DTI Pelleting plantRotating, indirectly heated drum reactorBriquetting plantKey Features:Scale up to huge capacities possible(experience from Pulp & Paper)Feed material: Wood Chips/Forest ResidualsKey Features.

4 Simple process concept specially developed fordecentralized plantsFlexibility in feed materialTorrefaction of biomass ACB ProcessTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 6 Small capacity reactor systems for 50,000 t/a per lineTorrefaction of biomass at 250-300 C under inert conditions Rotating, indirectly heated drum Prevention of condensation problems due to special flowpattern High flexibility in terms of allowable particle size No clogging, channeling or increase in pressure drop Oxygen infiltration avoided by drum sealingtechnology Construction based on proven DrumDrying System (> 110 such dryers worldwide)Demo plant for production of 1 t/h of torrefiedbriquettes installed in Frohnleiten, AustriaSeparationTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 20127 Andritz ACB Process, AustriaTorrefaction of biomassTorrefaction of biomassTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 8 Flowsheet ACB ProcessDRYINGPREPARATIONof torrefied material (milling)DENSIFICATIONof torrefied materialFresh biomassDried biomass95% DSTorrefied biomassACB gasT=280 CTorrefied biomassACB FuelFresh biomass fuelDryer offgasFlue gasT=400 CTORREFACTIONFlue gasT=300 CENERGY SUPPLY(lean gas combustion)

5 S nder Stenderup Torrefaction Demo Plant Project Andritz has built a 1 t/h Torrefaction Demo Plant in Sdr. Stenderup, Denmark The plant incorporates: biomass (Wood Chip) Receiving biomass drying Torrefaction Pelletizing The plant entered commissioning in the 2ndquarter of 2012 and is currently in the initialoperation phase. The project is partially funded by the Danish EUDP, (Energy technology Development andDemonstration Programme), with a significant majority of the capital funding from Andritz. TheDanish technology Institute (DTI), and energy companies Drax and Dong are involved as partof the EUDP team. Energy Research Center of the Netherlands (ECN) is acting as aconsultant to Andritz on the design of the torrefaction technology and will be involved in thecommissioning and optimization of the demo Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 9 Sdr.

6 Stenderup Demo Plant ATEX (Explosion) Analysis The Demo Plant has been analyzed according to ATEX procedures for process plant with potentially explosiveatmospheres. Testing has been conducted to characterize the explosionproperties of dust from torrefied materials. Torrefied eucalyptus and pine dust were tested. Both materials are explosive when mixed with air, witheucalyptus giving a stronger explosive mixture than pine. Inany case, dust from torrefied material must be managed asan explosive, combustible dust. The plant design includes numerous systems designed toreduce the risk of fire and explosions. We spent considerable engineering efforts and expenses onthese Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 20121011 Sdr.

7 Stenderup Torrefaction Demo PlantSimplified Single Line Flowsheet1 bdmt/h wood chipsTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Patents granted and PendingSdr. Stenderup Demo Plant The Torrefaction System: Blends ECN and Andritz technologies (Patents Granted and Pending) Pressurized for more effective heat transfer due to higher gas flows, lowervelocities and pressure drop for increased capacity . Provides a separation between the final drying zone and the beginning oftorrefaction Includes a co-current torrefaction zone followed by a counter-currenttorrefaction zone Provides for removal of heavy organic compounds from the torrefaction gas,minimizing plugging and deposits. Lends itself to scale up to large single unit capacities High fraction of the vessel volume is used for either final drying or reaction.

8 The capacity will increase as the diameter Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 12 Torrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 201213 ECN/AndritzPressurized Reactor ConceptTorrefaction Gas Outto Gas Cleaning and HeatingHot Torrefaction Gas InHot Torrefaction Gas InDrying Gas InDrying Gas Out to HeatingWood Chips In (~8 -10% MC)Torrefied Wood OutOption forBiomass inLower SectionPatents Granted and PendingSdr. Stenderup Demo Plant Overall ViewPDMS used for 3D Modeling and DesignTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 14 Photo April 2012 Sdr. Stenderup Torrefaction Demo Plant ProjectTorrefaction reactorduring installation liftTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 15 Patents granted and PendingRotary DryerSdr.

9 Stenderup Torrefaction Demo Plant ProjectTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 16 Viewed from Feed EndViewed from Discharge EndSdr. Stenderup Torrefaction Demo Plant ProjectTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 17 PressurizationValve atTorrefactionReactor TopSdr. Stenderup Torrefaction Demo Plant ProjectTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 18 TorrefactionReactor Top AreaView 1 Patents grantedand PendingSdr. Stenderup Torrefaction Demo Plant ProjectTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 19 TorrefactionReactor TopArea View 2 Patents grantedand PendingTorrefactionReactor ProcessAreaSdr. Stenderup Torrefaction Demo Plant ProjectTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 20 Patents grantedand PendingSdr.

10 Stenderup Torrefaction Demo Plant ProjectTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 21 TorrefactionPressurized GasCirculationBlowersSdr. Stenderup Torrefaction Demo Plant ProjectTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 22 Upper Part ofTorrefied MaterialCooling Screwand DischargeRotary ValvePhotos May 2012 Installation of hammer millSdr. Stenderup Torrefaction Demo Plant ProjectTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 23 Pellet Press During InstallationSdr. Stenderup Torrefaction Demo Plant ProjectTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 24 Dust RemovalCyclone/Filterand Bag LoadingStationSdr. Stenderup Torrefaction Demo Plant ProjectTorrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 25 PSA Plant to Generate 98% PureNitrogen for InertingControl StationsProject Status November 2012 The plant is in operationand producing product fortest Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 2012 Page 26 Torrefaction Demonstration Plants - WPAC November 20122727 Thank You!