TRAINING PROGRAM FOR THE HIGH MOBILITY …

1 TC 21-305-4 TRAINING PROGRAM FOR THEHIGH MOBILITY MULTIPURPOSEWHEELED VEHICLEDISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is , DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMYTC 21-305-4iTraining Circular 21-305-4 Headquarters,Department of the ArmyWashington, DC, 31 May 1991 TRAINING PROGRAM FOR THE high MOBILITYMULTIPURPOSE wheeled VEHICLETABLE OF CONTENTSPagePREFACEiiiCHAPTER 1 RISK MANAGEMENT1-1 CHAPTER 2 INSTRUCTIONAL AIDS2-1 CHAPTER 3 SAMPLE TRAINING SCHEDULE3-1 CHAPTER 4 BASIC DRIVING - LESSON OUTLINES4-1 USE TECHNICAL MANUALS (TMs), LUBRICATIONORDERS (LOs), AND DA FORM 24044-1 KNOW SAFETY RULES AND PROCEDURES FORDRIVING UNDER ADVERSE ROAD CONDITIONS4-8 IDENTIFY INSTRUMENTS, CONTROLS,INDICATORS, AND EQUIPMENT4-13 PERFORM OPERATOR PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCECHECKS AND SERVICES (PMCS)4-19 OPERATE AN M998 SERIES HMMWV4-21 OPERATE AN M998 SERIES HMMWV AT NIGHT4-24 CHAPTER 5 ADVANCED DRIVING - LESSON OUTLINES5-1 DRIVE AN M998 SERIES HMMWV OFF ROAD OVERROUGH OR UNUSUAL TERRAIN5-1 DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release.

2 Distribution is 21-305-4iiPageDRIVE AN M998 SERIES HMMWV IN DESERTOPERATIONS5-5 CHAPTER 6 ADDITIONAL SUBJECTS - LESSON OUTLINES6-1 PREPARE DD FORM 1970 (MOTOR EQUIPMENTUTILIZATION RECORD)6-1 REPORT AN ACCIDENT (MAKE REQUIRED ENTRIESON DD FORM 518 AND SF 91)6-6 DEEPWATER FORD AN M998 SERIES HMMWV6-16 DRIVE AN M998 SERIES HMMWV IN A CONVOY6-19 DRIVE AN M998 SERIES HMMWV IN A CONVOYUNDER NIGHT AND BLACKOUT CONDITIONS6-22 PERFORM SELF-RECOVERY OF AN M998 SERIESHMMWV6-26 CHAPTER 7 SAMPLE TRAINING AREAS7-1 CHAPTER 8 END OF COURSE COMPREHENSIVE TEST(EOCCT)8-1 GLOSSARYG lossary-1 REFERENCESR eferences-1TC 21-305-4iiiTC 21-305-4 PREFACEThis TRAINING circular (TC) provides standardized driver TRAINING and testing for the high mobilitymultipurpose wheeled vehicle (HMMWV) operator in accordance with AR 600-55. It stresseshands-on TRAINING with minimal classroom instruction.

3 It does not include any TC teaches the novice (inexperienced) driver to operate the HMMWV. It also can be usedto teach the apprentice driver. (The apprentice driver is a driver that has been driving militaryvehicles for at least one year.) The apprentice driver may learn to operate the HMMWV in lesstime than the novice, assuming that skills learned on other military vehicles are positive skillstransferable to operating a :The trainer must realize that a positive transfer of skills does not always , the apprentice driver might need more TRAINING than the novice driver tosafely operate the effectively execute this TC, each instructor should ensure their HMMWV operators aretrained and tested to the standards contained in this TC. This TC was specifically designed forthe HMMWV system to include PMCS and vehicle operations. Any deviation from thesuccessful completion of these basic standards will only lessen the soldiers' overall TRAINING PROGRAM offers some alternatives for the commander.

4 Chapter 5 contains twolessons for optional instruction because of varying unit missions and terrain features. Chapter 6includes additional lessons to allow the flexibility to add subjects based on the mission and levelof driver (licensed drivers) of this HMMWV TRAINING PROGRAM should be supervised until theyhave gained the experience to operate safely. They should not be placed in situations that maybe above their skill level. Periodically, the supervisor should ride with each driver to observesafe operating procedures and to determine the need for additional proponent of this publication is the US Army Transportation School. Submit changes forimproving this publication on DA Form 2028 and forward it to Commandant, US ArmyTransportation School, ATSP-TDI-DX, Fort Eustis, Virginia this publication states otherwise, masculine nouns and pronouns do not refer exclusivelyto 21-305-41-1 CHAPTER 1 RISK MANAGEMENT1-1.

5 BACKGROUND. Leaders at all levels must develop techniques that will save resources. Thetraining mission has become increasingly demanding because the Army must be prepared to operateworldwide and so have the risks inherent in that mission. This increase in risks requires that leadersminimize or balance risks with essential mission DEFINITION. Risk can be defined as the possibility of a loss. The loss can be death, injury,property damage, or mission failure. Risk management is the identification of risks associated witha particular operation and the requirement to weigh these risks against the overall TRAINING value tobe gained. There are three risk management basics:a. Accept no unnecessary Accept necessary risks that produce a net Army Make risk decisions at the proper command RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS. The risk management process uses the followingapproach:a.

6 Detect hazards and associated risks. Look for risks in each phase of the TRAINING Assess the risk. Ask these questions: What is the likelihood of a mishap? What degree of injury or equipment damage is possible?A low likelihood of happening and a high probability of minor injury equals low risk. A lowlikelihood of happening and a high probability of a fatality equals high Develop risk control alternatives and make risk decisions. If the risk cannot be eliminated,then it must be controlled without sacrificing essential mission requirements. Some risks can becontrolled by modifying task standards, operational procedures, TRAINING requirements,maintenance standards, and so on. Decisions take several forms: Selecting from available controls. Trading off mission elements against risk controls. Determining if controls reduce the risk to an acceptable level considering the 21-305-41-2d.

7 Implement the risk control measures. Procedures for controlling risks must be integratedinto plans, orders, SOPS, and TRAINING . They must also be integrated into other means to ensurethat the risk reduction measures will be used during actual Supervise the operations. Leaders use the same supervision techniques, such as on-the-scene, spot-checks, and performance indicators, to monitor risk controls that they use tomonitor overall Evaluate the results. Include the effectiveness of risk management controls in the assessmentof operational RISK ASSESSMENT ELEMENTS. There are no hard and fast rules for assessing TRAINING tasks involve different elements that can affect TRAINING safety. However, thefollowing seven elements are central to the safe completion of most driver TRAINING tasks: Soldier qualification.

8 vehicle type. Weather. Terrain. Supervision. Equipment. Time of matrices that assign a numerical value to each of the elements is one way to quickly gain anappreciation of the overall risks. The following matrices offer examples of risk assessments for eachof the seven elements common to driver TRAINING : These are arbitrarily weighted factors. Modify them based on your particular mission Soldier qualification is measured by comparing the level of task difficulty to the soldier'smilitary driving QUALIFICATION RISK VALUEDRIVING EXPERIENCETASKLICENSED OVER 1 YEARLICENSED UNDER1 YEARUNLICENSEDCOMPLEXROUTINESIMPLE321432 543TC 21-305-41-3 EXAMPLE: Unlicensed drivers learning downhill braking techniques in a HEMTT would receive arisk value of vehicle type is measured by comparing the vehicle configuration to the location of thetraining TYPE RISK VALUEVEHICLE CONFIGURATIONLOCATION OFTRAININGLIGHTTRUCKSMEDIUMTRUCKSTRACTOR /SEMITRAILERSROADTRAINING AREAMOTOR POOL321431541 EXAMPLE.

9 Driving an M915 tractor and semitrailer over the road would have a risk value of Weather is measured by comparing temperature with moisture/visibility RISK VALUEVISIBILITY/MOISTURETEMPERATUREFAHRE NHEITCLEARDRYFOG/HUMID/DRIZZLE /DUST/RAIN/SNOW/ICE0 - 31 or 90 +32 59 60 - 89 321433555 EXAMPLE: A task conducted outdoors at a temperature of 20 F with snow or ice would receive arisk value of Terrain is measured by comparing the physical features of the land with the road networkthat exists in the RISK VALUETRAFFICABILITYTYPE OFTERRAINSTREETS/HIGHWAYSCONGESTEDSTREET S/HIGHWAYSTRAILS/CROSS-COUNTRYJUNGLE/MOU NTAIN/DESERTHILLSFLAT/ROLLING321443543 EXAMPLE: Driver TRAINING conducted at Fort Bragg over trails would be assessed a value of 21-305-41-4e. Supervision is measured by comparing the instructor to student ratio to the location of thetraining RISK VALUEINSTRUCTOR TOSTUDENT RATIOCLASSROOMTRAINING AREA/MOTOR POOLON/OFFROADLOWAVERAGEHIGH321432543 EXAMPLE: An instructor to student ratio of 1:8 for on-road driving would be assessed a value of Equipment is measured by comparing the age of the equipment to the maintenance RISK VALUEEQUIPMENT AGEC-1C-2C-3 OLDAVERAGENEW321432543 EXAMPLE: A 6-year old HMMWV maintained as C-2, would be assessed a value of Time of day is measured by comparing the level of light to familiarity with the OF DAY RISK VALUEROUTE FAMILIARITYDAYDAWN/DUSKNIGHTNEVER DRIVEN ROUTEDRIVEN ROUTE 1-3 TIMESFAMILIAR ROUTE321432543 EXAMPLE.

10 A driving task over a familiar route that starts during the day but ends at dusk wouldhave a risk value of After all the risks have been assessed, the value would be totaled and applied to a quickreference REFERENCE GAUGERISK LEVELVALUESLOW7 - 12 CAUTION13 - 18 HIGH19 - 35 When two or more elements are assigned a risk value of 5, you should consider the overall rating ashigh risk. (A risk value of 5 signifies a hazard inherent in that task and should be analyzed for waysto reduce or eliminate the danger.)1-5. DECISION AID. The level of the decision maker should correspond to the level of the greater the risk, the more senior the final decision maker should be. This matrix is a proposeddecision aid to assist in determining the leadership decision-making 21-305-41-5 DECISION AIDRISKLOWCAUTIONHIGHPOINTS7 1213 1819 - 35 DECISION LEVELSENIOR INSTRUCTORCOMPANY COMMANDERBATTALION COMMANDERa.