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Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children ...

ISSUE BRIEF. August 2012. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children Affected by Sexual Abuse or Trauma Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is an evidence-based treatment approach shown to help Children , What's Inside: adolescents, and their caregivers overcome trauma-related Features of TF CBT. difficulties. It is designed to reduce negative emotional and Behavioral responses following child sexual abuse, Key components domestic violence, traumatic loss, and other traumatic Target population The treatment based on learning and Cognitive Effectiveness of TF CBT. theories addresses distorted beliefs and attributions related What to look for in a therapist to the abuse and provides a supportive environment in which Children are encouraged to talk about their traumatic Considerations for child experience.

evidence‑based treatment approach shown to help children, adolescents, and their caregivers overcome trauma‑related difficulties. It is designed to reduce negative emotional ... and behaviors, and develop effective coping and interpersonal skills (see Effectiveness of TF‑CBT, below). TF …

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Transcription of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children ...

1 ISSUE BRIEF. August 2012. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children Affected by Sexual Abuse or Trauma Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is an evidence-based treatment approach shown to help Children , What's Inside: adolescents, and their caregivers overcome trauma-related Features of TF CBT. difficulties. It is designed to reduce negative emotional and Behavioral responses following child sexual abuse, Key components domestic violence, traumatic loss, and other traumatic Target population The treatment based on learning and Cognitive Effectiveness of TF CBT. theories addresses distorted beliefs and attributions related What to look for in a therapist to the abuse and provides a supportive environment in which Children are encouraged to talk about their traumatic Considerations for child experience.

2 TF-CBT also helps parents who were not abusive welfare agency administrators to cope effectively with their own emotional distress and Resources for further develop skills that support their Children . information 1 While TF-CBT is effective in addressing the effects of traumatic events ( , the loss of a loved one, domestic or community violence, accidents, hurricanes, terrorist attacks, etc.), the main focus of this issue brief is the treatment of child sexual abuse and exposure to other trauma. Child Welfare Information Gateway Children 's Bureau/ACYF. 1250 Maryland Avenue, SW. Eighth Floor Washington, DC 20024. Email: Use your smartphone to access this issue brief online.

3 Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children Affected by Sexual Abuse or Trauma This issue brief is intended to build a better understanding of the characteristics and benefits of TF-CBT. It was written primarily Features of TF-CBT. to help child welfare caseworkers and other professionals who work with at-risk families TF-CBT addresses the negative effects of make more informed decisions about when to sexual abuse, exposure to domestic violence refer Children and their parents and caregivers and other traumatic events by integrating to TF-CBT therapists. This information also several therapeutic approaches and treating may help biological parents, foster parents, both child and parent in a comprehensive and other caregivers understand what they manner.

4 And their Children can gain from TF-CBT and what to expect during treatment. In addition, this issue brief may be useful to others with TF-CBT Addresses the Effects an interest in implementing or participating of Sexual Abuse and Trauma in effective strategies for the treatment of In the immediate as well as long-term Children who have suffered from sexual abuse aftermath of exposure to trauma, Children are or multiple traumatic at risk of developing significant emotional and Behavioral difficulties (see, for example, Berliner & Elliott, 2002; Briere & Elliott, 2003;. Chadwick Center, 2004). For example, victims Researchers and providers continue to of sexual abuse often experience: develop and refine trauma treatment approaches and determine how to Maladaptive or unhelpful beliefs and incorporate them into child welfare attributions related to the abusive events, services.

5 In September 2011, the Children 's including: Bureau awarded 5-year cooperative A sense of guilt for their role in the abuse agreements to five organizations to focus on integrating trauma-informed and Anger at parents for not knowing about Trauma-Focused practice in child protective the abuse service (CPS) delivery. The grantees will Feelings of powerlessness implement TF-CBT and several other therapies demonstrating some evidence of A sense that they are in some way effectiveness with Children and families who damaged goods . have experienced A fear that people will treat them differently because of the abuse Acting out behaviors, such as engaging in age-inappropriate sexual behaviors 2 The Children 's Bureau does not endorse any specific treatment or Therapy .

6 Before implementing a specific type of Mental health disorders, including major Therapy in your community, consider its appropriateness based depression on families' needs, resource availability, and fit within the current service delivery system. Read the section Considerations for Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Child Welfare Agency Administrators to determine if TF-CBT. is right for your agency, and consult the section Resources for symptoms, which are characterized by: Further Information to identify and select therapies for the families you serve. This material may be freely reproduced and distributed. However, when doing so, please credit Child 2.

7 Welfare Information Gateway. Available online at Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children Affected by Sexual Abuse or Trauma Intrusive and reoccurring thoughts of the for both. The parent component teaches traumatic experience stress management, parenting and behavior management skills, and communication skills. Avoidance of reminders of the trauma As a result, parents are better able to address (often places, people, sounds, smells, their own emotional distress associated with and other sensory triggers). the child's trauma, while also supporting their Emotional numbing Children more effectively. Irritability TF-CBT Integrates Several Trouble sleeping or concentrating Established Treatment Approaches Physical and emotional hyperarousal TF-CBT combines elements drawn from: (often characterized by emotional Cognitive Therapy , which aims to change swings or rapidly accelerating anger or behavior by addressing a person's thoughts crying that is out of proportion to the or perceptions, particularly those thinking apparent stimulus).

8 Patterns that create distorted or unhelpful These symptoms can impact the child's daily views life and affect behavior, school performance, Behavioral Therapy , which focuses on attention, self-perception, and emotional modifying habitual responses ( , anger, regulation. fear) to identified situations or stimuli To date, numerous studies have documented Family Therapy , which examines patterns the effectiveness of TF-CBT in helping of interactions among family members to Children overcome these and other symptoms identify and alleviate problems following child sexual, domestic violence, and similar traumatic experiences (see Empirical TF-CBT uses well-established Cognitive - Studies at end of paper).

9 This treatment Behavioral Therapy and stress management helps Children to process their traumatic procedures originally developed for the memories, overcome problematic thoughts treatment of fear, anxiety, and depression and behaviors, and develop effective coping in adults (Wolpe, 1969; Beck, 1976). These and interpersonal skills (see Effectiveness of procedures have been used with adult TF-CBT, below). rape victims with symptoms of PTSD (Foa, Rothbaum, Riggs, & Murdock, 1991) and have TF-CBT Treats Nonoffending been applied to Children with problems with Parents in Addition to the Child excessive fear and anxiety (Beidel & Turner, 1998). The TF-CBT protocol has adapted Recognizing the importance of parental and refined these procedures to target the support in the child's recovery process, specific difficulties exhibited by Children TF-CBT includes a treatment component who are experiencing PTSD symptoms in for parents (or caregivers) who were not response to sexual abuse, domestic violence, abusive.

10 Treatment sessions are divided into or other childhood traumas. In addition, individual meetings for the Children and well-established parenting approaches ( , parents, with about equal amounts of time This material may be freely reproduced and distributed. However, when doing so, please credit Child 3. Welfare Information Gateway. Available online at Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children Affected by Sexual Abuse or Trauma Patterson, 2005; Forehand & Kotchick, 2002). also are incorporated into treatment to guide parents in addressing their Children 's Key Components Behavioral difficulties. TF-CBT is a short-term treatment typically TF-CBT Shows Results in provided in 12 to 18 sessions of 50 to 90.


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