Ubuntu Reference - Cheat Sheet

1 Ubuntu ReferencePrivilegessudo command run command as rootsudo -s open a root shellsudo -s -u user open a shell as usersudo -k forget sudo passwordsgksudo command visual sudo dialog (GNOME)kdesudo command visual sudo dialog (KDE)sudo visudo edit /etc/sudoersgksudo nautilus root file manager (GNOME)kdesudo konqueror root file manager (KDE)passwd change your passwordDisplaysudo / restart restart X and return to login (GNOME)sudo / restart restart X and return to login (KDE)(file) /etc/X11 display configurationsudo dexconf reset configurationCtrl+Alt+Bksp restart X display if frozenCtrl+Alt+FN switch to tty NCtrl+Alt+F7 switch back to X displaySystem Services start service start job service (Upstart)stop service stop job service (Upstart)status service check if service is running (Upstart)/ start start service (SysV)/ stop stop service (SysV)/ status check service (SysV)/ restart restart service (SysV)

2 Runlevel get current runlevelPackage Management apt-get update refresh available updates apt-get upgrade upgrade all packagesapt-get dist-upgrade upgrade with package replacements; upgrade Ubuntu versionapt-get install pkg install pkgapt-get purge pkg uninstall pkgapt-get autoremove remove obsolete packagesapt-get -f install try to fix broken packagesdpkg --configure -a try to fix broken packagesdpkg -i install file (file) /etc/ APT repository listNetworkifconfig show network informationiwconfig show wireless informationsudo iwlist scan scan for wireless networkssudo / restart reset network for manual configurations(file)

3 /etc/network/interfaces manual configurationifup interface bring interface onlineifdown interface disable interfaceSpecial Packagesubuntu-desktop standard Ubuntu environmentkubuntu-desktop KDE desktopxubuntu-desktop XFCE desktopubuntu-minimal core Ubuntu utilitiesubuntu-standard standard Ubuntu utilitiesubuntu-restricted-extras non-free, but usefulkubuntu-restricted-extras KDE of the abovexubuntu-restricted-extras XFCE of the abovebuild-essential packages used to compile programslinux-image-generic latest generic kernel imagelinux-headers-generic latest build headersFirewall ufw enable turn on the firewallufw disable turn off the firewallufw default allow allow all connections by defaultufw default deny drop all connections by defaultufw status current status and rulesufw allow port allow traffic on portufw deny port block portufw deny from ip block ip adressApplication

4 Namesnautilus file manager (GNOME)dolphin file manager (KDE)konqueror web browser (KDE)kate text editor (KDE)gedit text editor (GNOME)SystemRecovery - Type the phrase REISUB while holding down Alt and SysRq (PrintScrn) with about 1 second between each letter. Your system will -a get Ubuntu versionuname -r get kernel versionuname -a get all kernel information1. Prefix commands with sudo to is a trademark of Canonical Ltd. Licensed under CC-BY-SA Free to redistribute; see for details.