UDDEHOLM DIEVAR

1 UDDEHOLM DIEVAR SS-EN ISO 9001SS-EN ISO 14001 This information is based on our present state of knowledge and is intended to provide generalnotes on our products and their uses. It should not therefore be construed as a warranty ofspecific properties of the products described or a warranty for fitness for a particular according to EU Directive 1999/45/ECFor further information see our Material Safety Data Sheets . UDDEHOLM DIEVARU ddeholm DIEVAR is a specially developed steel grade by UDDEHOLM ,which provides the best possible chemical composition and the very latest in production technique makethe property profile outstanding. The combination of excellent toughnessand very good hot strength gives UDDEHOLM DIEVAR a very good heatchecking- and gross cracking steel is suitable in high demand hot work applications like die casting,forging and extrusion. The property profile makes it also suitable in otherapplications, plastics and High Performance DIEVAR offers the potential for significant improvements in dielife, thereby improving the tooling 9, latest revised edition of this brochure is the English version,which is always published on our web site DIEVART ypicalCSiMnCrMoVanalysis % annealed to approx.

2 160 HBColour codeYellow/greyGeneralUddeholm DIEVAR is a high performancechromium-molybdenum-vanadium alloyed hotwork tool steel which offers a very goodresistance to heat checking, gross cracking, hotwear and plastic deformation. UddeholmDievar is characterized by: Excellent toughness and ductility in alldirections Good temper resistance Good high-temperature strength Excellent hardenability Good dimensional stability throughout heattreatment and coating operationsImproved tooling performanceUddeholm DIEVAR is a premium hot work toolsteel developed by UDDEHOLM . It is manufac-tured utilizing the very latest in production andrefining techniques. The UDDEHOLM Dievardevelopment has yielded a die steel with theultimate resistance to heat checking, grosscracking, hot wear and plastic unique properties profile for UddeholmDievar makes it the best choice for die casting,forging and for hot forgingTools for extrusionTools for die castingHot work applicationsHeat checking is one of the most commonfailure mechanism in die casting and nowdays also in forging applications.

3 UddeholmDievar s superior ductility yields the highestpossible level of heat checking UDDEHOLM DIEVAR s outstanding tough-ness and hardenability the resistance to heatchecking can further be improved. If grosscracking is not a factor then a higher workinghardness can be utilized (+2 HRC).Regardless of the dominant failure mecha-nism; heat checking, gross cracking, hotwear or plastic deformation. UDDEHOLM Dievaroffers the potential for significant improve-ments in die life and then resulting in bettertooling DIEVAR is the material of choicefor the high demand die casting-, forging- andextrusion ,Partmagnesium alloysDies44 50 HRCC opper,Aluminium,Partcopper alloysmagnesium alloysHRCHRCDies 46 52 Liners, dummyblocks, stems46 5244 52 PartSteel, AluminiumInserts44 52 HRC4 UDDEHOLM DIEVAR 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C 210 390 570 750 930 1110 1290 F Testing temperatureRmA5Rp0,2 TENSILE PROPERTIES AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES hort transverse V-NOTCH IMPACT TOUGHNESSAT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES hort transverse direction.

4 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 C 120 210 300 390 480 570 660 750 840 F Testing temperature14012010080604020ft. lbs102 88 73 58 44 30 15Rm, Rp0,2ksi MPa2902000261180023216002031400174120014 51000116 800 87 600 58 400 29 200 %100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 1045 HRC47 HRC50 HRCM inimum average unnotched impact ductility is300 J (220 ft lbs) in the short transversedirection at 44 46 , ZImpact energyJZPropertiesThe reported properties are representativeof samples which have been taken from thecentre of a 610 x 203 mm (24" x 8") otherwise is indicated all specimenshave been hardened at 1025 C (1875 F),quenched in oil and tempered twice at 615 C(1140 F) for two hours; yielding a workinghardness of 44 46 propertiesData at room and elevated C400 C600 C(68 F)(750 F)(1110 F)Density,kg/m37 8007 7007 600 of elasticityMPa210 000180 000145 000psi x 106 x x 106 Coefficient ofthermal expansionper C from 20 C x 10 x 10 6per F from 68 F x 10 6 x 10 6 ThermalconductivityW/m C 31 32 Btu in/(ft2h F) 216223 Mechanical propertiesTensile properties at room temperature, shorttransverse 44 HRC48 HRC52 HRCT ensilestrength 1480 MPa 1640 MPa 1900 MPaRm 96 tsi 106 tsi 123 tsi214 000 psi237 000 psi275 000 psiYieldstrength 1210 MPa 1380 MPa 1560 MPaRp0,2 78 tsi 89 tsi 101 tsi175 000 psi200 000 psi226 000 psiElongationA513 %13 %12,5 %Reductionof areaZ 55 %55 %52 %5 UDDEHOLM DIEVARHeat treatment general recommendationsSoft annealingProtect the steel and heat through to 850 C(1560 F).

5 Then cool in furnace at 10 C (20 F)per hour to 600 C (1110 F), then freely in RESISTANCEThe specimens have been hardened andtempered to 45 HRC and then held at differ-ent temperatures from 1 to 100 ,1 1 10 100 Time, h 500 C(930 F)Hardness, HRC504540353025 600 C(1110 F) 550 C(1020 F) 650 C (1200 F)Cooling Hard-curvenessT800 10(sec)16811,5262715362028045921 24855663 20564885 200746810 400846420 800940541 600 CCT GRAPHA ustenitizing temperature 1025 C (1875 F). Holding time 30 relievingAfter rough machining the tool should beheated through to 650 C (1200 F), holdingtime 2 hours. Cool slowly to 500 C (930 F),then freely in temperature: 600 900 C (1110 1650 F). Normally a minimum of twopreheats, the first in the 600 650 C (1110 1200 F) range, and the second in the 820 850 C (1510 1560 F) range. When threepreheats are used the second is carried outat 820 C (1510 F) and the third at 900 C(1650 F).

6 Austenitizing temperature: 1000 1030 C (1830 1890 F).TemperatureSoaking time*Hardness before C Fminutestempering100018303052 2 HRC102518753055 2 HRC* Soaking time = time at hardening temperature after the tool is fully heated throughProtect the tool against decarburization andoxidation during cooling ofbars, mm101001 00010 000100 000 Seconds1101001 C FA1cfA1cs12345678 Martensite9 BainiteCarbides= 890 C= 820 CAustenitizing temperature 1025 CHolding time 30 DIEVAR 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 C 1815 1830 1850 1870 1885 1905 1920 F Austenitizing temperatureHardness HRC605040302010 Retained austenite, %642 200 300 400 500 600 700 C 390 570 750 930 1110 1290 F Tempering temperature (2h + 2h)EFFECT OF TEMPERING TEMPERATUREON ROOM TEMPERATURE CHARPY V NOTCHIMPACT ENERGYS hort transverse GRAPHH ardness, HRC6055504540353025 Austenitizing temperatureTemperingChoose the tempering temperature accordingto the hardness required by reference to thetempering graph below.

7 Temper minimumthree times for die casting dies and minimumtwice for forging and extrusion tools withintermediate cooling to room time at temperature minimum 2 in the range of 500 550 C (930 1020 F) for the intended final hardness will resultin a lower toughness. 44 37 29 22 15 71000 C (1830 F) Impact strength - KV Joule 60 50 40 30 20 10 QuenchingAs a general rule, quench rates should be asrapid as possible. Accelerated quench rates arerequired to optimize tool properties specifi-cally with regards to toughness and resistanceto gross cracking. However, risk of excessivedistortion and cracking must be MEDIAThe quenching media should be capable ofcreating a fully hardened quench rates for UDDEHOLM Dievarare defined by the CCT graph, page QUENCHING MEDIA High speed gas/circulating atmosphere Vacuum (high speed gas with sufficientpositive pressure). An interrupted quench at320 450 C (610 840 F) is recommendedwhere distortion control and quench crack-ing are a concern Martempering bath, salt bath or fluidized bedat 450 550 C (840 1020 F) Martempering bath, salt bath or fluidized bedat 180 200 C (360 390 F) Warm oil, approx.

8 80 C (180 F)Note: Temper the tool as soon as its tempera-ture reaches 50 70 C (120 160 F).HARDNESS, GRAIN SIZE ANDRETAINED AUSTENITE AS FUNCTIONS OFAUSTENITIZING TEMPERATURE1086605856545250 Hardness, HRCG rainsizeASTMH ardnessGrain sizeRetained austeniteRetained austenite %420 TemperembrittlementRetained austenite1025 C (1875 F)Temper embrittlement100 200 300 400 500 600 700 C 210 390 570 750 930 1110 1290 F Tempering temperature (2 + 2h)7 UDDEHOLM DIEVAR *Depth of case = distance from surface where hardnessis 50 over base hardnessDimensional changes duringhardening and temperingDuring hardening and tempering the tool isexposed to both thermal and transformationstresses. These stresses will result in levels of machine stock may resultin slower than recommended quench ratesduring heat treatment. In order to predictmaximum levels of distortion with a properquench, a stress relief is always recommendedbetween rough and semi-finish machining, priorto a stress relieved UDDEHOLM DIEVAR toola minimum machine stock of is recom-mended to account for acceptable levels ofdistortion during a heat treatment with a and nitrocarburizingNitriding and nitrocarburizing result in a hardsurface layer which has the potential to im-prove resistance to wear and soldering, as wellas resistance to premature heat DIEVAR can be nitrided and nitro-carburized via a plasma, gas, fluidized bed, orsalt process.

9 The temperature for the deposi-tion process should be minimum 25 50 C(50 90 F) below the highest previous temper-ing temperature, depending upon the processtime and temperature. Otherwise a permanentloss of core hardness, strength, and/or dimen-sional tolerances may be nitriding and nitrocarburizing, abrittle compound layer, known as the whitelayer, may be generated. The white layer is verybrittle and may result in cracking or spallingwhen exposed to heavy mechanical or thermalloads. As a general rule the white layer forma-tion must be in ammonia gas at 510 C (950 F) orplasma nitriding at 480 C (895 F) bothresult in a surface hardness of approx. 1100 general, plasma nitriding is the preferredmethod because of better control over nitro-gen potential. However, careful gas nitriding cangive same surface hardness after nitrocarburizingin either gas or salt bath at 580 C (1075 F) isapprox. 1100 of nitriding HardnessProcessTimeDepth* HV0,2 Gas nitriding10 mm1100at 510 C (950 F) inch30 inchPlasma nitridingat 480 C (895 F)10 inchNitrocarburizing in gas at2 mm1100 580 C (1075 F) inch in salt bath at1 mm1100 580 C (1075 F) inch8 UDDEHOLM DIEVART urningTurning withTurningcarbidewith highCutting dataspeed steelparametersRough turning Fine turningFine turningCuttingspeed (vc)m/min150 200200 25015 655655 82050 65 Feed (f)mm/r cut (ap)mm2 P30P10 USC6 C5C7 Coated carbide Coated carbideor cermetMillingFACE- AND SQUARE SHOULDER MILLINGM illing with carbideCutting data parametersRough millingFine millingCutting speed (vc)m/min130 180180 590590 720 Feed (fz) of cut (ap)

10 Mm2 4 designationISOP20 P40P10 USC6 C5C7 Coated carbideCoatedcarbideor cermetEND MILLINGType of millingCarbideCutting dataSolidindexableHighparameterscarbidei nsertspeed steelCuttingspeed (vc)m/min130 170120 16025 301) 560390 52080 1001)Feed (fz) ) ) ) ) ) )CarbidedesignationISO P20 P30 USC6 C5 1) For coated HSS end mill vc = 45 50 m/min. (150 160 )2)Depending on radial depth of cut and cutter diameterDrillingHIGH SPEED STEEL TWIST DRILLLLLLD rill diameterCuttingFeed (f)speed (vc) 5 3/16 15 20* 49 66* 5 103/16 3/815 20* 49 66* 15 3/8 5/815 20* 49 66* 20 5/8 3/415 20* 49 66* * For coated HSS drill vc = 35 40 m/min. (110 130 )CARBIDE DRILLType of drillCutting dataIndexableSolidCarbideparametersinser tcarbidetip1)Cuttingspeed (vc)m/min180 220120 15060 720390 490195 295 Feed (f)mm/r ) ) ) ) ) )1) Drill with replaceable or brazed carbide tip2)Feed rate for drill diameter 20 40 mm ( )3)Feed rate for drill diameter 5 20 mm ( )4)Feed rate for drill diameter 10 20 mm ( )Cutting datarecommendationsThe cutting data below are to be consideredas guiding values which must be adapted toexisting local recommendations, in following tables, arevalid for UDDEHOLM DIEVAR in soft annealed condi-tion approx.