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Union of Myanmar Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation ...

Union of MyanmarUnion of MyanmarMinistry of Agriculture and IrrigationMinistry of Agriculture and IrrigationDepartment of Agricultural ResearchDepartment of Agricultural ResearchYezinYezin, , NayPyiTawNayPyiTawMyanmarMyanmar1 MyanmarMyanmarCountry DataLocationLocation::LatitudeLatitude 99 3232 2828 3131 NNLongitudeLongitude 9292 1010 101101 1111 EELandLand wise wiseNorthNorth toto SouthSouth22,,060060 KmKmEastEast toto West West945945 ((676676,,577 577 sqsq km) km) millionmillionGrowthGrowth population population6969%%NorthNorthChinaChinaEast EastThailandThailand andand Laos Laos PDR PDRWestWestIndiaIndia and and Bangladesh BangladeshSouthSouthThailandThailandCrud e oil & Petroleum Product, Gas, & Lignite, is the largest contributing energy source in MyanmarCrude oil & Petroleum is the second most to dependEnergy sources in Myanmar3 Hydropower, , may be important component for energy security in future, providing high energy balance and enhancer for bio-fuel production Non-energy uses and other consumption, , , , Agriculture sector consume only of the total energy consumption (could be government agri: sector) Farm sector energy consumption and requirement should be estimatedEnergy Co

Union of Myanmar Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation Department of Agricultural Research YezinYezin,, NayPyiTaw NayPyiTaw Myanmar 1

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1 Union of MyanmarUnion of MyanmarMinistry of Agriculture and IrrigationMinistry of Agriculture and IrrigationDepartment of Agricultural ResearchDepartment of Agricultural ResearchYezinYezin, , NayPyiTawNayPyiTawMyanmarMyanmar1 MyanmarMyanmarCountry DataLocationLocation::LatitudeLatitude 99 3232 2828 3131 NNLongitudeLongitude 9292 1010 101101 1111 EELandLand wise wiseNorthNorth toto SouthSouth22,,060060 KmKmEastEast toto West West945945 ((676676,,577 577 sqsq km) km) millionmillionGrowthGrowth population population6969%%NorthNorthChinaChinaEast EastThailandThailand andand Laos Laos PDR PDRWestWestIndiaIndia and and Bangladesh BangladeshSouthSouthThailandThailandCrud e oil & Petroleum Product, Gas, & Lignite, is the largest contributing energy source in MyanmarCrude oil & Petroleum is the second most to dependEnergy sources in Myanmar3 Hydropower, , may be important component for energy security in future, providing high energy balance and enhancer for bio-fuel production Non-energy uses and other consumption, , , , Agriculture sector consume only of the total energy consumption (could be government agri.)

2 Sector) Farm sector energy consumption and requirement should be estimatedEnergy Consumption (%) by Sector41%Services, 1%Residential, With increasing mechanization, more diesel could have been used. If we calculate the diesel requirement for total irrigated area million to have one pass of plough with power tiller, at least .5 million gallon could be needed. Energy Consumption by Types Other 6 million ha ( ) of the total land area is Land resources in Myanmar (2009-10) 6 Net waste land area is still 50% of the land is still being covered by forest.(000, ha) Ayarwady, , , , Kachin, Shan (E), and Chin still possess the potential Distribution of cultivable waste land by State and Division as of January, 2008 (Source: Department of Agriculture Planning)7 Mon, , , , , , , (S), (N), , (E), , 5755060 hapotential for horizontal expansion Huge potential for both Food & Fuel cropsCurrent SituationPolicy GuidelinesThe National Workshop by the New Government concluded by laying down 8 Tasks for Rural Development and poverty of Agricultural productivityTask Development of Livestock breeding and fisheriesTask of Rural small-scale productivityTask of Rural small-scale productivityTask of Micro saving and credit associationsTask of Cooperative tasksTask of rural socio-economyTask of rural energyTask conservationPolicy for Energy Development Energy Development Increase Self-Sufficiency Promote the utilization of renewable energy Prevent deforestation caused by excessive use of fuel wood and charcoalGoals for Renewable Energy Development To minimize the country s reliance on imported fuels.

3 To create alternative markets. To ensure both food and energy security. To increase in rural employment To develop small and medium industries through benefits from emerging bio-energy opportunities. To sustain environmental sources Petroleum Natural gas Compressed natural gas (CNG)Potential sources Wind energy (renewable) Solar energy (renewable)Available energy sources in Myanmar10natural gas (CNG) Hydroelectricity (renewable) Coal(renewable) Geothermal (renewable) Bio-energy (Renewable) Ethanol Bio-diesel Gasification Biogas BiomassBiomass Power GenerationSource Materials- Agricultural Wastes- Energy Crops- Industrial Wastes- Municipal Solid Wastes- Animal WastesApplicable Technologies Applicable Technologies Gasification (Producer Gas) Pellets and Loose Forms -Bio methanation (Biogas) Anaerobic Digestion Agri; waste, Industrial wastes and plant and fired - Boiler for steam making and power Husk as a Potential Fuel for BiogasifiersRice Husk availabilityPaddy Production/yr= about mio tonRice Husk ( ~20% ) = mio ton/yrPower equivalent= 35,802 GWh/yr ( or ) 3,078 mio TOE/yrPower equivalent= 35,802 GWh/yr ( or ) 3,078 mio TOE/yrCurrent Effective usage ~ 10 %If the rest 90% or Min.

4 50% can be put into use GWh/yr ( or ) 1,539 mio TOE/yr can be savedApplication of Biomass Gasification Technology to Irrigation PumpingPROGRESS UP TO 2010 The department had replaced34 setsof diesel engine in 2008-2009 and42setsin 2009-2010 and33setsin 2010-11 withgasifiers (rice husk based) forirrigating5760ha(13360 Acre) of paddy in three-year total. The operation of these systems has resulted in asaving of about 504 tons(137732gallons) (137732gallons) three years, implying a saving of about tons ofCO2. Moreover, local farmers in those areas had got extra income from the sale ofrice OF 2011-2012It is planned to produce and install 50 dual-fuel type gasifiers(rice huskbased ) and 10 gasifiers (55 x 5 ) operating in 100% producer gas modefor replacement of remaining diesel engine-driven pumpingsystems in 2011-2012 fiscal 18" x5' Dual Fuel Type GasifierKhon Soke Pump StationAyeyarwaddy Division14 Energy efficient stoves project Biogas projects Gasifier projects GMS country assessment on bio-fuel & renewable energy project ASEAN plus THREE also assist in Biomass & On going projects for bioenergy in Myanmar 15 ASEAN plus THREE also assist in Biomass & Renewable energyDiversity of potential ethanol producible crops in Myanmar Sugarcane Cassava Sorghum Sweet sorghum Indigenous root and tuber crops Maize Potato Sweet potato Toddy palm?

5 Nipah palm?16tuber crops Toddy palm at dry zone and Nipah palm at mangrove areas of delta for ethanol or sugar !Diversity of Potential Bio-diesel Feedstock in Myanmar Jatropha curcas Palm oil Coconut Rice-brand oil Cotton seed Soybean Rape seed Niger Neem seed Other Vegetable 17 Sesame Peanut Other Vegetable seed Need to evaluate all oleaginous plants for bio-diesel. R & D is essentialState of biodiesel production from Jatropha in MyanmarGovernment launched the plan in2005 with full political will with thetarget to reach over million ha(8 million ac) within 3 years; (Largepublic campaign)Main objective is for rural energyself-sufficiency; Smallfarmmachineries,18 Smallfarmmachineries, Domestic lighting and cooking,and Income generation from surplusproductionDuring 2011, million hectarehas been large scale experiment?

6 Jatropha Curcus Plantation ProgrammeState /RegionSown area (,000ha)Harvested (,000ha)Yield (MT/ha)Production (MT) /RegionSown area (,000ha)Harvested (,000ha)Yield (MT/ha)Production (MT) area acre (hectare)Actual cultivated area acre (hectare)20052005--16,197 (6555)16,197 (6555)20062006--0707 2,158,559 (873522)2,158,559 (873522)850,000 (343976)850,000 (343976)20072007--0808 2,688,209 (1087859)2,688,209 (1087859) 1,100,000 (445146)1,100,000 (445146)20082008--0909 3,382,490 (1368820)3,382,490 (1368820)--Jatropha Production in Myanmar (2010-11) (E) (W) (S) (N) (E) to 2011- Biodiesel produced from Jetropha Curcus can be used for home cooking usage and one cylinder diesel engines drive . Now one machine (superheated steam system) has been carried out in test run position with JKK Co.,Ltd.(Japan), after that it will be operated for rural electrification (at least 10-20 villages).

7 On-going R&D for JatrophaGermplasm collectionVarietals improvement High Yield and High Oil contentAgro-techniques Propagation method20 Propagation method Fertilizer response Planting arrangement Pruning method Irrigation Pest and disease managementProcessing technologyKey Issues and ChallengesJatropha There is no certified variety/clone of jatropha Breeding for locally adaptable, high yielding variety/clone should be the number one priorityshould be the number one priority Pests and diseases managements Weeds Presently there is no marketing channel and price structurefor Jatropha production in Myanmar21 Conclusion No immediate threat of competition for landresources by biofuel crops Formulation of land use and trade policy forexpanding biofuel farming National policy on biofuel will provide the basisfor accelerated development of biofuelin the country22for accelerated development of biofuelin the country Development of proper market Cooperation and co-ordination among concernedinstitutions Need initial technical assistance and capacity building Integrated efforts of public-private partnership23


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