UNITED NATIONS COORDINATED SUPPORT TO PEOPLE …

1 1 UNITED NATIONS COORDINATED SUPPORT TO PEOPLE AFFECTEDBY DISASTER AND CONFLICT2 This publication was produced by the UNITED NATIONS Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) in collaboration with humanitarian partners across the world. OCHA thanks all organizations, partners and donors who contributed to the Global Humanitarian Overview 2019 and who regularly report to the Financial Tracking Service (FTS). The principal source of financial data for this publication is OCHA s Financial Tracking Service (FTS) Figures for 2018 represent reported contributions as of 19 November 2018. Other sources include: UNHCR , the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) and OCHA s Country-Based Pooled Funds (CBPFs) Grant Management System All figures are in US figures for PEOPLE in need, PEOPLE targeted and funding requirements are a snapshot as of 19 November 2018.

2 In the case of some Humanitarian Response Plans (HRPs), these figures may evolve between this publication and each HRPs official publication. The principal source of data for the section Recent Trends in Humanitarian Crises and Assistance is World Humanitarian Data and Trends 2015 2018. For the full report, data sets (including original sourcing) and detailed technical notes on methodology, see Unless otherwise stated, sources for global data are as follows: Figures for poverty, GDP, population growth, urbanization and demographics are from the World Bank, available at: Figures for displacement are from UNHCR Global Trends 2017, also available at: Figures on disaster occurrence come from the EM-DAT CRED database and on economic impact of disasters from UNISDR Economic Losses, Poverty and Disasters 1998 2017.

3 Data on food security from the Food Security Information Network. Data on children from UNICEF. For more information, please contact the Assessment, Planning and Monitoring Branch, OCHA, at Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The Minova site was established spontaneously when hundreds of families fled the overtaking of the city of Goma by armed groups in 2007. It became an official site in 2012 and is now hosting 287 families. Most Internally Displaced PEOPLE (IDPs) are forced into cyclical displacement, trying to go back to their areas of origin and having to flee again after some time. In addition, 625 families are living with host families in Minova.

4 IDPs fled areas as far as Kitshanga in North Kivu, most due to armed conflict but many also due to land grabs or expulsions. Credit: OCHA/Eve SabbaghAcknowledgementsFront platformsThe designations employed and the presentation of material in this report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the UNITED NATIONS concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or TRENDS IN HUMANITARIAN CRISES AND ASSISTANCET able of contentsGlobal trends and challenges 12 Recent trends in humanitarian assistance 18At a glance 04 Foreword 06 Humanitarian needs and funding results in 2018 08 Main drivers of humanitarian needs 23 Humanitarian needs and funding requirements 25 Outlook on high-level events 27 Regional and country humanitarian assistance requirements 28 HUMANITARIAN OUTLOOK AND REQUIREMENTS IN 2019 Regional Refugee Response Plans 56 Other Response Plans 59 West and Central Africa 48 Cameroon 49

5 Central African Republic 50 Chad 51 Democratic Republic of the Congo 52 Mali 53 Niger 54 Nigeria 55 East and Southern Africa 34 Burundi 35 Ethiopia 36 Somalia 37 South Sudan 38 Sudan 39 Asia and the Pacific 30 Latin America and the Caribbean 40 Eastern Europe 33 Afghanistan 31 Myanmar 32 Haiti 41 Ukraine 33 Middle East and North Africa 42 Iraq 43 Libya 44oPt 45 Syria 46 Yemen 47 Burundi Regional RRP 56 DRC Regional RRP 57 Nigeria Regional RRP 57 South Sudan Regional RRP 58 Syria 3RP 58 Bangladesh 59 DPR Korea 59 Pakistan 60 Philippines 61 Venezuela Outflow 6202 Section03 SectionIMPROVING HUMANITARIAN NEEDS ANALYSIS AND RESPONSE PLANNINGI mproving humanitarian needs analysis 64 Strengthening humanitarian response planning 67 Financing of humanitarian assistance 70 Early action and anticipatory financing 74 Protection from sexual exploitation and abuse 76 GLOBAL HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW4 PEOPLE IN NEEDPEOPLE TO RECEIVE AIDFUNDING REQUIRED* $ trends and challengesAt a glanceDespite global development gains, one in every 70 PEOPLE around the world is caught up in crisis and urgently needs humanitarian assistance and PEOPLE are being displaced by conflict.

6 The number of forcibly displaced PEOPLE rose from million in 2014 to million in disasters and climate change have a high human cost. Disasters affect 350 million PEOPLE on average each year and cause billions of dollars of insecurity is rising. In just two years between 2015 and 2017, the number of PEOPLE experiencing crisis-level food insecurity or worse increased from 80 million to 124 million exacerbate gender inequalities. Girls in conflict settings are times more likely to be out of school than crises affect more PEOPLE , for longer. The number of PEOPLE targeted to receive assistance through UN-led humanitarian response plans (HRPs) increased from 77 million in 2014 to 101 million in 2018.

7 The average humanitarian crisis now lasts more than nine years. Nearly three quarters of PEOPLE targeted to receive assistance in 2018 are in countries affected by humanitarian crisis for seven years or organizations are increasingly successful in saving lives and reducing suffering, but many needs still remain a significant increase in funding, from $ billion in 2014 to $ billion in 2017, the gap in coverage for UN-led humanitarian response plans hovers at about 40 per cent. 2018 is on track to be another record year for humanitarian funding. As of 19 November, donors and partners have reported contributions of $ billion to HRPs, compared with $ billion at the same time last year.

8 Coverage rates have also increased. As of 19 November, coverage for HRPs was at 56 per cent, compared with 52 per cent at the same time in 2018. Global humanitarian funding has reached a new high of $22 billion, surpassing the $ billion raised in protracted crises command the majority of resources. Between 2014 and 2018, just four crises Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Syria accounted for 55 per cent of all funding requested and received.* This figure does not include the financial requirements for Syria, which will be confirmed upon finalization of the 2019 HRP. If they remain at 2018 levels, the total funding required for 2019 will be $ billion.

9 That is $400 million more than in 2018, which was the highest on record to needs will remain extremely high. In 2019, nearly 132 million PEOPLE in 42 countries around the world will need humanitarian assistance, including protection. The majority of humanitarian needs occur in long-lasting crises in which there has been limited progress in addressing root causes. It is paramount that political solutions top the agenda for will remain the main driver of humanitarian needs in 2019. Food insecurity will remain a major concern, particularly in areas affected by conflict and climate-related hazards. There is an 80 per cent chance of an El Ni o event developing at the end of 2018.

10 Twenty-five countries are considered at high risk from related droughts, tropical cyclones and floods. The situation in Yemen has significantly worsened and is deteriorating rapidly. In 2019, some 24 million PEOPLE will need humanitarian assistance and protection, making Yemen once again the worst humanitarian crisis in the world. Humanitarian needs will remain at exceptionally high levels in Syria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Nigeria and South Sudan. In a number of countries, including Burundi, Haiti and Iraq, the situation has stabilized and estimated humanitarian needs have fallen. In others, such as Libya, the number of PEOPLE humanitarian organizations will assist has dropped based on refined needs analysis and tighter needs have worsened significantly in Afghanistan because of drought, political instability and an influx of returning refugees, and in Cameroon and the Central African Republic due to an upsurge of conflict and violence.