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1 Title . Author(s) , , , . Citation , 4: 72 84. URL Rights Issue Date 2009 03 26. Text version publisher Type Departmental Bulletin Paper DOI. Meiji University 4 2009.. ll .. 1970 .. 5 . 1 2 3 .. 1 buffering factors . resilience . salire . resilire . Davidson Payne . Connor Foa Rothbaum Hertzberg Weisler . 2005 .. psychological homeostasis . protective factors .. 1 .. 72 .. Egeland Carlson . Grotberg Sroufe 1993 . 1999 .. pp 3 Masten Best and Rutter 2007 . Garmezy 1990 .. 2 .. Friborg . Hjmedal Rosenvinge Martinussen 2003 Table 2 . risk Wagnild . factors Young 1993 Resilience Scale RS.

2 RS . Luthar Cicchetti 2000 25 .. Table 1 Grotberg Masten et RS . aL .. Table 1 . Masten et al 1990 .. ? .. Grotberg 1999 .. Egeland et al 1993 . m .. 2002 .. i2004 I .. Rutter 2007 .. 73 . Table 2 . Resilience Scale Resilience Scale fbr Adult Connor Davidson Resilience Scale @ RS @ RSA @ CD RISC . Wagnild Young Friborg Hijemdal Rosenvinge Connor Davidson @ Martinussen 1993 2002 2003 2003. 2 25 . 3 21 . 5 37 . 5 25 .. i .. @ g g . g @ @ . g g . @ . @ @ .. @ . @ . S HV . @ PTSD . 1 1. 79 90 83 . 91 1 T 37 75 50 70 r 67 84 89 1 F 30 70 r 87. 77 81 . I 1 T r 33 68.

3 S 7 . 83 . 34 61 50 74 g 67 1 T r 51 75 48 74 . ?I 56 74. i 43 70 . V 37 48 . l F 69 84. BDI r 37 LSI r 30 SOC F 75 . 2 2 59 . oGCMS r 28 Health F 26 s 44 f 83 . s 45 29 76 Sheehan . i 33 K 62 . l HSCLlr 61 . l 32 . I 37 . W 19 . @ 21 . m .. Friborg et al 2003 . 1970 .. 37 Resilience Scale for Adults . RSA RSA Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD .. Connor and Davidson 2003 Hoge Austin and Connor Pollack 2006 . Davidson Resilience Scale CD RISC . Connor et al .. CD RISC .. CD RISC 2 Vaishnavi Connor . Davidson 2007 10 item CD RISC Campbell . Sills Stein 2007 2008.

4 2002 .. 3 . 21 1 . Masten et al 1990 3.. 1 .. 75 .. Werner 1989 1994 1996 . Werner .. Masten Wener 2 . 545 . Masten 32 .. Masten et aL 1990 .. 3 1 .. 62 .. Masten Coatsworth . 1998 1970 .. Masten Werner .. Wilson 1985 . 6 . Wilson IQ . 3 . Masten 2001 Masten Obradovic 2006 .. 4 . Wyman . 10 12 . Werner . Stress Resilient SR . Stress Affected SA SR . Wyman Cowen . Work Raoof Gribble Parker Wannon 1992 . 76 .. Cowen Wyman Work Kim Fagen Magnus . 1997 SR SA .. 43 2 . IQ .. 2 . 2 .. Masten et al 1116 5 . 1990 . Q .. Kim . Cohen Moffitt Caspi and Taylor 2004 .. Dumont Provost 1999.

5 Daily hassJs . Beck BDI .. 2005 . 3 .. 2 . Masten . Hurbbard Gest Tellegen Garmezy Ramirez . 1999 205 . 10 . 3 . 77 .. 2002 .. Masten et al 1990 . Grotberg 1999 PTSD . IHAVE . Factor I AM Factor ICAN PTSD . Factor . PTSD .. Davidson et aL 2005 CD RISC . PTSD .. 3 3 . 1 CD RISC.. PTSD PTSD .. Masten et al 1990 . 3 .. 3 .. IQ .. Connor Davidson Lee 2003 Hoge et al 2006 . CD RISC .. PTSD . 78 .. PTSD .. V .. 1999 . 1995 3 .. Figure 1 .. 2002 .. MTRR . MTRR 1 . MTRR MTRR 1 .. MTRR .. 79 .. t V H H L t V . c . th XS . l i .. i i . @ .. t i t i . f 1 Averm t t t . x.

6 T . i L C I l lI TSD 1. i . i 1. i i . Figure 1 2006 .. Grotberg 1999 2002 . Benetti and Kambou . IHAVE factor ropoulos 2006 . 1 AM factor . ICAN . factor .. 80 .. 1 epression and 14nxiet 18 76 82 . Connor K M Davidson J R T Lee L 2003 . Spirituality Resilience and Anger in Survivors of Violent Trauma ACommunity Survey urnal of 7 aumatic Stress 16 5 487 494 . Cowen E L Wyman P A Wbrk W C Kim J Y . Fagen D B Magnus K B 1997 Follow up study of young stress affected and stress resilient urban children 1 evelop zent and Ps chopatholog 9 565 577 . Davidson J R Payne V M Connor K M Foa E B Rothbaum B 0 Hertzberg M A.

7 Weisler R H 2005 Trauma resilience and saliostasis effects of treatment in psot traumatic stress disorder 1nternational Clinical Ps hopharmacolog 20 1 43 48 .. Dumont M Provost M A 1999 Resilience in adolescents Protective role of social supPort . coping strategies self esteem and social activities on experience of stress and depression urnal q . outh and 14dolescence 28 3 343 363 . Egeland B Carlson E Sroufe L A 1993 . Benetti C Kambouropoulos N 2006 Resilience as process 1 evelopment and Affect regulated indirect effects of trait anxiety Ps cho atholog 15 517 528.

8 And trait resilience on self esteem Personality and Friborg O Hijemdal O Rosenvinge J H . Individual Differences 41 341 352 Martinussen M 2003 Anew rating scale fbr Campbell Sills L Stein M B 2007 Psychometric adult resilience what are the central protective analysis and refinement of the Connor Davidson resources behind healthy adjustment . Resilience Scale CD RISC Validation of a International Ournal Methods Ps chiatric lO item measure od resilience Journal of Research 12 2 65 76 . Traumatic Stress 20 6 1019 1028 Grotberg E H Ed 1999 p g our inner Connor K M Davidson J R T 2003 strength H 1 to 4 the resilience to deal with Development of a new resilience scale The an thing New Harbinger Pubns.

9 Connor Davidson Resilience Scale CD RISC Grotberg E H Ed 2003 Resilience br toda . 81 .. Westport Praeger Pubishers 1 evelo ment and Ps chopatholog 2 425 444 . Hoge E A Austin E D Pollack M H 2006 Masten A S Coatsworth J D 1998 The Resilience research evidence and conceptual development of competence in favorable and considerations fbr posttraumatic stress disorder unfavorable environments Lessons from research 1 epression and anxiety 0 1 14 on successfUI children American Ps ychologist 53. 2005 2 205 220 . Masten A S Hubbard J J Gest S D Tellegen A . Garmezy N Ramirez M 1999 Competence 53 356 367 in the context of adversity Pathways to resilience 2006 PTSD and maladaptation frorn childhood to late 129 61 65 adolescence Development and Ps chopathology.

10 Kim Cohen J Mo tt T E Caspi A Taylor A 11 143 169 . 2004 Genetic and environmental processes in Maten A S Obradovic J 2006 Competence young children s resilience and vulnerability to and resilience in development Annals New York socioeconomic deprivation Child evelo ment Academy of Sci mces 1094 13 27 . 75 3 651 668 Morrison G M Brown M Dlincau B O farrell S . Luthar S S Cicchetti D 2000 The construct L Furlong M J 1998 Resilience factors of resilience Implications for interventions and that support the classroom functioning of acting social policies 1 evelo ment and Psy hopathology out and aggressive students Ps chology in the 12 857 885 Schools 35 3 217 227.