View on 5G Architecture

1 5G PPP Architecture Working Group view on 5G Architecture Version , June 2019. Date: 2019-06-19 Version: Dissemination level: Public Consultation Abstract The 5G Architecture Working Group as part of the 5G PPP Initiative is looking at capturing novel trends and key technological enablers for the realization of the 5G Architecture . It also targets at presenting in a harmonized way the architectural concepts developed in various projects and initiatives (not limited to 5G PPP projects only) so as to provide a consolidated view on the technical directions for the Architecture design in the 5G era. The first version of the white paper was released in July 2016, which captured novel trends and key technological enablers for the realization of the 5G Architecture vision along with harmonized architectural concepts from 5G PPP Phase 1 projects and initiatives.

2 Capitalizing on the architectural vision and framework set by the first version of the white paper, the Version of the white paper was released in January 2018 and presented the latest findings and analyses of 5G PPP Phase I projects along with the concept evaluations. The work has continued with the 5G PPP Phase II and Phase III projects with special focus on understanding the requirements from vertical industries involved in the projects and then driving the required enhancements of the 5G Architecture able to meet their requirements. The results of the Working Group are now captured in this Version , which presents the consolidated European view on the Architecture design. Dissemination level: Public Consultation Table of Contents 1 18. 2 Overall 19. Stakeholder roles in the 5G ecosystem .. 19. 5G Enhanced Overall System Architecture .

3 20. E2E Service Operations Lifecycle Management .. 22. Domain Management & Orchestration .. 23. Multi-domain management .. 23. Application-aware orchestration .. 24. Service-specific extensions of ETSI NFV MANO .. 25. Programmable Networks .. 26. Data plane programmability .. 26. Transport network programmability .. 28. Network function programmability in RAN .. 28. Vertical-specific Architecture extensions .. 29. Extensions for energy utilities .. 29. Extensions for vehicular communications .. 30. Extensions for enhanced content delivery .. 32. Extensions for media production and delivery .. 32. 33. 3 Radio & Edge Architecture .. 35. Overall RAN Architecture .. 35. Centralized-Distributed-Radio Units split and Control-User Planes separation .. 36. Protocol Extensions for Vertical Support .. 37. RAN Part of Network Slicing .. 37. Fundamental Slicing Support in RAN.

4 37. Wi-Fi virtualization and slicing .. 38. RAN Analytics .. 40. Virtualized Small Cell (Cloud-enabled small cell) at the Light Data Centre .. 41. Multi-access Edge Computing & Energy Efficient Radio Access Networks .. 43. Multi-link Cooperation .. 45. Local end-to-end Path .. 47. Multicast and Broadcast in RAN .. 48. RAN Architecture Implementation .. 51. RAN Deployment Options .. 51. Visible Light Communication-based gNB .. 53. Lower Layer Split and Implementation .. 56. Baseband processing in active antenna distributed unit .. 56. Optical Beamforming .. 58. Edge Architecture .. 60. XMEC: extension of edge computing functionalities .. 60. 61. 4 core & Transport Architecture .. 64. 64. core Network Architecture .. 64. Multicast and Broadcast .. 65. Analytics Framework .. 67. Data Analytics Characterization .. 68. Integrated Analytics Architecture .

5 69. Transport network Infrastructure .. 71. Wireline technologies .. 71. Programmable Elastic frame-based Optical Transport .. 71. Ethernet Transport .. 73. Dissemination level: Public Consultation Programmable Metro Network - Disaggregated Edge Node .. 75. Space Division Multiplexing .. 77. Wireless .. 79. Millimeter wave (mmWave) .. 79. Multi-tenant small cells with IAB .. 80. Satellite Backhaul .. 82. Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) 84. Examples of data plane programmability .. 87. Programmable Data Plane .. 87. Stateful packet Processing in Hardware .. 88. Segment routing .. 90. 90. 5 Management & Orchestration Architecture .. 93. 93. Starting point: Existing High-level MANO 93. ETSI summary .. 93. ETSI NFV & MANO .. 93. ETSI ZSM .. 93. ETSI ENI .. 94. ETSI MEC .. 94. 3 GPP .. 94. Status and consensus Architecture .. 95. Example aspect: Heterogeneity.

6 97. Architecture options beyond the consensus Architecture .. 99. Structure of orchestration .. 99. Service-type: Integrated or segregated orchestration .. 99. Flat vs. hierarchical orchestration .. 100. Orchestration vs. slicing .. 101. Abstractions and their violations .. 102. Conflict resolution .. 103. Time scales .. 104. 104. Implementation patterns for MANO frameworks .. 105. Algorithmic building blocks .. 106. Example building blocks .. 106. Realizations, MAPE-K 107. Description mappings .. 108. Horizontal mapping .. 108. Vertical mapping .. 109. Monitoring aspects in Orchestration .. 109. DevOps meets Orchestration .. 110. Development time: SDKs .. 110. Need for validation tools .. 111. Need for evaluation tools .. 111. 112. 6 Deployment, Evaluations & Analyses .. 114. 114. Performance KPIs .. 114. Types of evaluation and usability of KPIs.

7 115. Approach/options to generation of KPIs .. 116. Architecture instantiations .. 117. Deployment and Analysis for Architecture WP V3 .. 120. Management and orchestration .. 120. Verification and Validation System .. 122. Emulation Framework .. 124. Dissemination level: Public Consultation 125. 7 Impact on standardization .. 126. Brief profile of targeted SDOs .. 126. 3 GPP .. 126. ETSI .. 127. 127. IETF .. 128. Other 128. Standards impact by 5G PPP Phase 2 projects .. 129. Contributions related to overall architectures .. 129. Contributions related to radio and edge architectures .. 130. Contributions related to core and transport architectures .. 131. Contributions related to management and orchestration architectures .. 132. Fostering Standardization via 5G PPP .. 133. 134. 8 Conclusions and Outlook .. 135. 9 Glossary .. 138. General Terms.

8 138. Network function virtualization related .. 138. Network slice related .. 140. Vertical service related .. 140. Multi-access edge computing related .. 141. Business logic/stakeholder related .. 142. DevOps-related terms and roles .. 143. Specific terms .. 145. 147. 10 List of Contributors .. 151. 11 List of 5G PPP Phase 2 Contributions to Standards .. 155. Dissemination level: Public Consultation List of Acronyms and Abbreviations 3 GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project 3 GPP-CT1 3 GPP TSG-CT WG1 MM/CC/SM (lu). 3 GPP-CT3 3 GPP TSG-CT WG3 Interworking with external networks 3 GPP-CT4 3 GPP TSG-CT WG4 MAP/GTP / BCH/SS. 3 GPP-RAN1 3 GPP TSG-RAN WG1 Radio Layer 1. 3 GPP-RAN2 3 GPP TSG-RAN WG2 Radio Layer 2 and Radio Layer 3 RR. 3 GPP-RAN3 3 GPP TSG-RAN WG3 lu, lub, lur, S1, X2 and UTRAN/E-UTRAN. 3 GPP-SA1 3 GPP TSG-SA WG1 Services 3 GPP-SA2 3 GPP TSG-SA WG2 Architecture 3 GPP-SA3 3 GPP TSG-SA WG3 Security 3 GPP-SA4 3 GPP TSG-SA WG4 Codec 3 GPP-SA5 3 GPP TSG-SA WG5 Telecom Management 3 GPP-SA6 3 GPP TSG-SA WG6 Mission-critical applications 5 GAA 5G Automotive Association 5G-ACIA 5G Alliance for Connected Industries and Automation 5G CAR Fifth Generation Communication Automotive Research and innovation 5G City no long form 5G ESSENCE Embedded Network Services for 5G Experiences 5G IA 5G Infrastructure Association 5G TANGO 5G Development and Validation Platform for global Industry specific Network Services and Apps 5G 5G Mobile Transport Platform for Verticals TRANSFORMER.

9 5G XCAST Broadcast and Multicast Communication Enablers for the Fifth Generation of Wireless Systems 5GC 5G core 5G-MoNArch 5G Mobile Network Architecture for diverse services, use cases, and applications in 5G and beyond 5G-PICTURE 5G Programmable Infrastructure Converging disaggregated neTwork and compUte Resources 5G PPP 5G Infrastructure Public Private Partnership 5GS 5G System AADU Active Antenna Distributed Unit AC All-Connected ACTN Abstraction and Control of Traffic engineered Networks AF Application Function AL-DAF Application Layer Data Analytics Function Dissemination level: Public Consultation AL-FEC Application-Level Forward Erasure Correction AL-FEC Application Layer FEC. AMF core access and Mobility management Function AP Access Point API Application Programming Interface APP Application ARoF Analogue Radio over Fibre ARP Allocations and Retention Priority ASN Abstract Syntax Notation BB Baseband BBU Baseband Unit BCH Broadcast Channel BH Backhaul blueSpace Building on the Use of Spatial Multiplexing 5G Networks Infrastructures and Showcasing Advanced technologies and Networking Capabilities BoF Birds of a Feather BS Base Station BSS Business Support System CA Carrier Aggregation CAPEX Capital Expenditure CAPIF Common API Framework CAS Cell Acquisition Subframe CBR Constant bitrate CBTR Coding-Building-Testing-Releasing CC Call Control CCAMP Common Control and Measurement Plane CD Continuous Delivery CESC Cloud Enabled Small Cell CESCM Cloud Enabled Small Cell Manager C-ITS Cooperative Intelligent

10 Transportation System CN core Network CO Central Office CoMP Coordinated Multi-Point CPRI Common Public Radio Interface CPU Central Processing Unit CPU Central Processing Unit CQI Channel Quality Indicator Dissemination level: Public Consultation CRAN Centralised RAN. cRRM Centralised RRM. CS Cell site CSAR Cloud Service Archive CSDPS Coordinated Scheduling and Dynamic Point Selection cSD-RAN centralized Software-Defined Radio Access Network (cSD-RAN). CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance cSON centralised SON. CT core Network & Terminals CU Centralised Unit DAF Data Analytics Function DASH Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP. DC Dual Connectivity DCSP Data Centre Service Provider DL Downlink DN Data Network DN-DAF Data Network Data Analytics Function DPDK Data Plane Development Kit DPI Deep packet Inspection DR Demand Response DRAN Distributed RAN.