Water Treatment Manual: Disinfection

1 The Environmental Protection Agency Water Treatment Manual: Disinfection Environmental Protection Agency The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is REGULATING IRELAND'S GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS. a statutory body responsible for protecting n Quantifying Ireland's emissions of greenhouse gases the environment in Ireland. We regulate and in the context of our Kyoto commitments. police activities that might otherwise cause n Implementing the Emissions Trading Directive, pollution. We ensure there is solid involving over 100 companies who are major generators of carbon dioxide in Ireland. information on environmental trends so that necessary actions are taken.

2 Our priorities are protecting the Irish environment and ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. ensuring that development is sustainable. n Co-ordinating research on environmental issues (including air and Water quality, climate change, The EPA is an independent public body biodiversity, environmental technologies). established in July 1993 under the Environmental Protection Agency Act, 1992. STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT. Its sponsor in Government is the Department n Assessing the impact of plans and programmes on of the Environment, Community and Local the Irish environment (such as waste management Government.)

3 And development plans). ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING, EDUCATION AND. OUR RESPONSIBILITIES GUIDANCE. n Providing guidance to the public and to industry on LICENSING various environmental topics (including licence We license the following to ensure that their emissions applications, waste prevention and environmental do not endanger human health or harm the environment: regulations). n Generating greater environmental awareness n waste facilities ( , landfills, incinerators, (through environmental television programmes and waste transfer stations); primary and secondary schools' resource packs). n large scale industrial activities ( , pharmaceutical manufacturing, cement manufacturing, power plants); PROACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT.

4 N intensive agriculture; n Promoting waste prevention and minimisation n the contained use and controlled release of projects through the co-ordination of the National Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs); Waste Prevention Programme, including input into the implementation of Producer Responsibility n large petrol storage facilities; Initiatives. n waste Water discharges. n Enforcing Regulations such as Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) and Restriction of NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL ENFORCEMENT Hazardous Substances (RoHS) and substances that deplete the ozone layer. n Conducting over 2,000 audits and inspections of EPA licensed facilities every year.

5 N Developing a National Hazardous Waste Management Plan to prevent and manage hazardous waste. n Overseeing local authorities' environmental protection responsibilities in the areas of - air, noise, waste, waste- Water and Water quality. MANAGEMENT AND STRUCTURE OF THE EPA. n Working with local authorities and the Garda to The organisation is managed by a full time Board, stamp out illegal waste activity by co-ordinating a consisting of a Director General and four Directors. national enforcement network, targeting offenders, conducting investigations and overseeing remediation. The work of the EPA is carried out across four offices: n Prosecuting those who flout environmental law and n Office of Climate, Licensing and Resource Use damage the environment as a result of their actions.

6 N Office of Environmental Enforcement n Office of Environmental Assessment MONITORING, ANALYSING AND REPORTING ON THE n Office of Communications and Corporate Services ENVIRONMENT. n Monitoring air quality and the quality of rivers, The EPA is assisted by an Advisory Committee of twelve lakes, tidal waters and ground waters; measuring members who meet several times a year to discuss Water levels and river flows. issues of concern and offer advice to the Board. n Independent reporting to inform decision making by national and local government. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY. An Ghn omhaireacht um Chaomhn Comhshaoil PO Box 3000, Johnstown Castle, Co.

7 Wexford, Ireland Telephone: + 353 53 9160600 Fax: + 353 53 9160699. Email: Website: Environmental Protection Agency 2011. Although every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the material contained in this publication, complete accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Neither the Environmental Protection Agency nor the author(s) accept any responsibility whatsoever for loss or damage occasioned or claimed to have been occasioned, in part or in full, as a consequence of any person acting or refraining from acting, as a result of a matter contained in this publication. All or part of this publication may be reproduced without further permission provided the source is acknowledged.

8 ISBN: 978-184095-421-0 11/11/1000. Price: 20. The EPA first published a Water Treatment Manual on Disinfection in 1998. This manual has been revised to reflect best practice in drinking Water Disinfection and the supervisory role of the EPA. The revision of manual was carried out by consultants Ryan Hanley (Project Manager; Mr Michael Joyce) and the Water Research Centre (Project Manager: Mr Tom Hall) in the UK under the supervision of a steering committee comprising of the following members: Suzanne Monaghan, Inspector (Project Manager), EPA. Mr. Brendan Wall, Manager, EPA. Mr. Darragh Page, Inspector, EPA.

9 Mr. John Fitzgerald, Inspector, Department of Environment, Community and Local Government Mr. Niall McGuigan, Director of Services, Wexford County Council (representing the CCMA). Mr. Hugh Kerr, Donegal County Council (representing the CCMA). Mr. Colm Brady, National Federation of Group Water Schemes Mr. Ray Parle, Principle Environmental Health Officer, HSE. Dr. Una Fallon, Consultant in Public Health Medicine, HSE. Mr. Peter O'Reilly, Senior Engineer, Fingal County Council (representing the Water Services Training Group). Mr. Richard Foley, EPS. Mr. Pat Phibbs, Earthtech Ireland Ltd. Mr. Kevin McCrave, Earthtech Ireland Ltd.

10 The Environmental Protection Agency was established in 1993 to licence, regulate and control activities for the purposes of environmental protection. In the Environmental Protection Agency Act, 1992 (Section 60), it is stated that the Agency may, and shall if so directed by the Minister, specify and publish criteria and procedures, which in the opinion of the Agency are reasonable and desirable for the purposes of environmental protection, in relation to the management, maintenance, supervision, operation or use of all or specified classes or plant, sewers or drainage pipes vested in or controlled or used by a sanitary authority for the Treatment of drinking Water .