Welded Joints In Tubular Steel - hkisc.org

1 Specification of Structural Hollow Sections & Welded Joints In Tubular SteelSteve Whitfield Beng (Hons) CEng MIStructECustomer Technical Services -ManagerSlideTata SteelSingapore 9/10/2015 TataGroupOne of the world s fastest-growing and most reputable corporations Steel , consultancy , Automotive , Power , Communications , Hotels . beverages Operations in more than 100 countries and 580,000 employees Total revenues $100 billion (67% from outside India) Ranked world s 11thmost reputable and 17thmost innovative company tata Sons 66% owned by philanthropic trusts 170 million invested in community projects last yearTata Group is highly diversified2 SlideTata SteelSingapore 9/10/2015 tata Steel GroupOne of the world s most geographically-diversified Steel producers Top 12 global Steel producer Annual crude Steel capacity of more than 29 million tonnes Around 80,000 employees Manufacturing operations in 26 countries across 4 continents Present in both mature and emerging markets Turnover in 2013-14.

2 $ billion ( billion) Fortune 500 companyTata Steel Group3 SlideTata SteelTata Steel GroupA global network serving demanding markets worldwideWestern EuropeSteel making operationsDistribution anddownstream assetsNorth AmericaWesternEuropeScandinaviaCISW esternAfricaSouth AfricaLatin AmericaChinaJapanIndiaHong KongNew ZealandSales officesSE AsiaKeyTurkeyCEE4 Singapore 9/10/2015 SlideTata SteelSingapore 9/10/2015 Our key marketsServing the most demanding markets worldwidePackagingAutomotiveConstruction Energy & powerRailAerospaceConsumer productsDefence& security5 Lifting & excavatingSlideTata Steel6 Singapore 9/10/2015 tata Steel Tube manufacturingTata Steel Europe, TubesSteve Whitfield Beng(Hons) CEng MIStructECustomer Technical Services -ManagerCelsius EN10210 Hot finished Structural Hollow SectionsSlideTata SteelThird Istanbul International AirportTechnical information1 Testing, Certification and traceability2 Technical Support & Tools38 Summary4 tata Steel Europe, TubesSlideTata SteelEN10210 Hot Finished Structural Hollow SectionsCelsius EN10219 Cold Formed Structural Hollow SectionsHyboxManufacture of Hollow Sections9 Third Istanbul International AirportSlideTata Steel10 FurnaceTechnical InformationThird Istanbul International AirportCelsius 420 Full Body Normalised SlideTata SteelThe right product for the rights application11 Third Istanbul International AirportHot Finished Structural Hollow Sections EN10210:S355 NH, EN10210:S355J2H EN10210:S420 NHCold Formed Structural Hollow Sections EN10219:S355J2H EN10219.

3 S355 JRHIt is important to ensure you have the correct specification SlideTata Steel12 Hot Finished Structural HollowSection of Non alloy and Fine Grain SteelsCELSIUS 355 -EN10210:S355 NHMinimum yield strength<= 16mm :-355 N/mm2 Minimum Impact -20oc @ 40 JTensile Strength 470N/mm2 630 N/mm2 Elongation -19 %Third Istanbul International AirportTechnical InformationProduct SpecificationCarbon Equivalent (CEV) Content (Si)Celsius 420 NH to Content Steel13 Hot Finished Structural HollowSection of Non alloy and Fine Grain SteelsCELSIUS 420 -EN10210:S420 NHMinimum yield strength<= 16mm :-420 N/mm2 Minimum Impact -20oc @ 40 JTensile Strength 520N/mm2 680 N/mm2 Elongation -19 %Carbon Equivalent (CEV)Celsius 420 NH Istanbul International AirportTechnical InformationProduct SpecificationCarbon Equivalent (CEV) Content (Si)Celsius 420 NH to Content SteelThird Istanbul International Airport14 Technical Information Tighter corner profiles on hot.

4 Better area less weight. Weld line -Due to the full body normalising the weld line becomes the same as the tube. Better consistency for product Consistent hardness values around the whole perimeter. During heating or manipulating/ bending no loss of yield, tensile, Charpy impacts. Can weld in corner of hot but issues with cold. No built in stress Design standards recognise the difference and have higher compression and tension for same size same thickness. Advantages of Celsius Compared to Cold Formed Weld lineHeat Affected ZoneCold Formed Celsius 420 Due to the manufacture the Celsius has many advantages on a size for size basis compared to EN10219:SlideTata SteelEN10210 Hot Finished productsCelsiusEN10219 Cold Formed productsHyboxTechnical InformationAdvantages of Celsius Compared to Cold Formed 15 Third Istanbul International AirportSlideTata SteelComparison Hot and Cold for design -Sectional properties EN10210 Hot finishedEN 10219 Cold formedArea(A)cm2 Moment of Inertia(I)cm4 Elastic modulus(Z)cm3120 x 120 x 8 RHS Hot x 120 x 8 RHS Cold of Celsius Compared to Cold Formed Technical Information16 Third Istanbul International AirportSlideTata SteelMechanical propertiesHot finished Test results follow normal load extension characteristics with clear indication of yield strength.

5 Gives the recommended ratio of yield to ultimate maximum. High ductility-adequate warning of dangerous overload condition indicated by excessive of Celsius Compared to Cold Formed 17 Third Istanbul International AirportSlideTata SteelMechanical propertiesCold formed Test results differ in samples taken from corners and flat sides. There is no clear yield proof stress is normally quoted for yield strength. Increase in ratio of yield to ultimate strength-may be above that recommended by design standards. Lower ductility-less visible warning of dangerous overload condition-possibility of brittle fracture. Advantages of Celsius Compared to Cold Formed 18 Third Istanbul International AirportSlideTata SteelComparison of strut capacity (kN) EC3l barHot finishedS355J2 HCold formedS355J2 x of Celsius Compared to Cold Formed 19 Third Istanbul International AirportSlideTata Steel Uniform grain structure and hardness values Mechanical properties are stable and uniform across the whole section Varying grain structure and hardness values, particularly in the corners and seam weld area Mechanical properties vary across the sectionHot Finished productsCold Formed productsStructure & HardnessAdvantages of Celsius Compared to Cold Formed 20 Third Istanbul International AirportSlideTata SteelEurocodeEC3-1-8 table (including corrigenda feb2010)Advantages of Celsius Compared to Cold Formed 21 Third Istanbul International AirportSlideTata SteelComparison between Hot & Cold Hot Finished Celsius -has no residual stresses from manufacturing.

6 Hot Finished Celsius -has uniform grain structure and hardness Hot Finished Celsius -has tighter corner profile (2T max Celsius). Hot Finished Celsius -has higher geometric properties. Hot Finished Celsius -has higher load capacity. Hot Finished Celsius -is fully weldableat corners Hot Finished Celsius -has superior ductility for seismic & shock loads. Hot Finished Celsius -has greater fire of Celsius Compared to Cold Formed 22 Third Istanbul International AirportSlideTata SteelThird Istanbul International Airport23 Technical InformationThe Celsius 420 is full body normalised and final shaped at a high temperature ensuring that the product is fully stress product Standard EN10210 does allow for warm/ stress relieved which will not give the same consistent values as warm product is manufactured cold then shaped giving similar disadvantages for manufacture as the cold productAdvantages of Celsius Compared to Warm/ Stress relieved productsHOTWARMCOLD>approx900oCCelsius 420 WarmSlideTata SteelThird Istanbul International Airport24 Technical InformationThe Celsius 420 is a true full body normalised hot finished structural hollow section.

7 It should be compared more with the seamless tube than warm and we compare the Celsius 420 against the seamless product due to the consistent manufacture it has better tolerances. The product standard EN10210 recognises this and the Celsius has better of Celsius Compared to Seamless Celsius 420 has better control on wall thickness( seamless can be up to -12,5% over 25% of perimeter) Celsius 420 has a uniform wall thickness and thus a concentric Bore . Seamless sections may be more difficult in fabrication Celsius 420 sections have a finish similar to original strip condition whereas seamless finish is typical of a hot rolling process Celsius 420 has tighter tolerance on supplied length (0/+150mm) versus seamless (+/-500mm) Celsius 420 has full chemical composition stated on inspection certificate Welded Joints In Tubular SteelPaul Watson MEng CEng MIStructESteve Whitfield Beng(Hons) CEng MIStructECustomer Technical Services -ManagerSlideTata SteelOverview2612345 Eurocode 3 Part 1-8 Failure Modes Introduction New DevelopmentsExamplesWelded Joints In Tubular SteelIntroductionSlideTata Steel28 Emirates StadiumLong span trussesWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel29 Gloucester QuaysSpeed and simplicity of constructionWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel30M8 Footbridge HarthillSpeed and simplicity of constructionWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel31M8 Footbridge HarthillQuality controlWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel32M8 Footbridge HarthillLiftingWelded Joints In Tubular SteelEurocode 3 Part 1-8 SlideTata Steel34 Design GuidanceEvolutionWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel35 Design GuidanceSecond Edition Cidect Design GuidesWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata SteelX-JointT or Y-Joint36 Typical JointsLattice GirdersGap K-JointWelded Joints In Tubular

8 SteelSlideTata SteelI or H BracingLongitudinal Gusset PlateTransverseGussetPlate37 Typical JointsMiscellaneousWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel38 joint SymbolsBrace 1 usually compression Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel39 Eccentricity & Effects On GeometryEccentricity e/d0 (shaded)Gap limits:g t1+ (1-b) g/b0 (1-b)Overlap limit:25% Ov 100% joint with e = d0 ParametersWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel40 Eccentricity & Effects On GeometryEccentricity e/d0 limits:g t1+ (1-b) g/b0 (1-b)Overlap limit:25% Ov 100%Increase gapgt1t2d0-ve+ d0 Positive eccentricity gap jointWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel41 joint SymbolsNegative eccentricity overlap jointEccentricity e/d0 limits:g t1+ (1-b) g/b0 (1-b)Overlap limit:25% Ov 100%Overlap (100%)Ovt1t2d0-ve+ d0 Welded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel42 Fabrication CostsFabrication CostType of JointRHS chord -gap jointsRHS chord 100% overlap jointsCHS chord gap jointsRHS chord partial overlap jointsCHS chord 100% overlap jointsCHS chord partial overlap jointsBracing Handling, Cutting and WeldingWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel43 Laser CuttingVersatility -Ease of assemblyCan cut bent tubeRepeatabilitySpeedHigh Volume ManufacturingReduced Weld preparationWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel44 Fabrication CostsFabrication CostType of JointRHS chord -gap jointsRHS chord 100% overlap jointsCHS chord gap jointsRHS chord partial overlap jointsCHS chord 100% overlap jointsCHS chord partial overlap jointsBracing Handling.

9 Cutting and WeldingWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel45 Parameter EffectsGap JointsParameterDirectionEffectChord width to thickness ratioDownCapacity upBracing to chord width ratioUpCapacity upBracing angleDownCapacity upChord factored to yield stress ratioLess compressiveCapacity upWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel46 Parameter Effects Gap JointsChord width to thickness ratio Welded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel47 Parameter Effects Gap JointsBracing to chord width ratio Welded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel48 Parameter Effects Gap JointsBracing angle x kNx kNWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel49 Parameter Effects Gap JointsChord factored to yield stress ratio Welded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata SteelParameterDirectionEffectChord width to thickness ratioDownCapacity upBracing width ratiosDownCapacity upOverlapUpCapacity upChord factored to yield stress ratioLess compressiveCapacity up (CHS only)Bracing angleDownCapacity up(CHS only)50 Parameter EffectsOverlap JointsWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel51 Parameter Effects Overlap JointsBracing width ratios Overlapped braceOverlapping braceOverlapped braceOverlapping braceWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata Steel52 Parameter Effects Overlap JointsOverlap percentage Welded Joints In Tubular SteelFailure ModesSlideTata Steel54 Failure modesChord Side Wall BucklingChord Punching ShearBracing Effective WidthChord or brace localised bucklingChord Face DeformationChord ShearWelded Joints In Tubular SteelSlideTata SteelChord Face Deformation FailureAlso known as chord face yielding.

10 This is the chord face deflecting under the bracing load. The formula limits the chord face deflection to 3% of the chord width as the deformation can be substantial without failing but it would not be practical to allow such deformation. Common for T, Y- Joints and gap K, N- Joints with the bracing to chord width ratio less than SteelChord Punching ShearWhere the bracing punches through the chord face. This occurrson the tension brace, important to realise it applies to compression andtension bracings. Shear can occur when the brace is pulling just the same as when the brace is pushing. Not usually critical but can occur when the chord width to thickness ratio is chord has sheared not the SteelChord Side Wall BucklingTypically a gap joint or single brace with beta ratio (brace width to chord width ratio) > as in this example. The chord side wall under the compression brace acts as a strut and if the chord side wall is too thin and tall it will buckle under the compressive SteelChord or Bracing Localised BucklingDue to a non-uniform stress distribution at the joint but does not occur providing the joint parameters are SteelChord ShearNot often critical unless RHS chords with width greater than depth are used.