World Mining Data 2020

1 International OrganizingCommittee for theWorld Mining Congresses ! " # $ % & '( " % )!*+ , & % - . ! / % 0 ) 12 3456-63 4767568! .. 9 ( .. $ " : ; 9 ; < " 9 " 6 < 9 = ) = = > 9 ;9 1 Volume 35 C. Reichl, M. Schatz Minerals Production Vienna, 2020 World Mining data 2020 Iron and Ferro-Alloy Metals Non-Ferrous Metals Precious Metals Industrial Minerals Mineral Fuels World Mining data 2020 3 Preface Raw materials are the lifeblood of the economy. The sufficient supply of mineral raw materials under fair market conditions is an essential basis for a sustainable and well-functioning economy.

2 Although the geological availability of minerals is relatively high, disorders caused by geopolitical, economic or pandemic circumstances can lead to a shortfall of mineral resources. The worldwide spread of the coronavirus pandemic is currently changing our working and living habits at local, national and global level. This crisis relentlessly demonstrates our vulnerability in a globalized World with complex dependencies and widely ramified value chains.

3 It reveals questions about security of supply for products that form the basis of our lives, as well as for basic materials that are urgently needed as starting materials for products that are often vital and even life-saving. Key technologies designed to secure our future viability and to contribute to solving the grand challenges in the fields of climate and energy, health, nutrition, mobility, digitalisation, security and communication can only be implemented successfully under the premise of a sufficient supply of mineral raw materials.

4 In order to enhance the competitiveness and sustainability of industry, the focus on innovative solutions along the entire value chain is important. Circular Economy will help to secure the sustainable supply of affordable resources in the long term. Disruptive events - like in these days - show the importance of domestic production and an increasing demand for national independency from cradle to grave. Fact-based knowledge of mineral production, market concentrations and production trends are the basis of foresighted policy and decision-maki ng.

5 This can help to identify potential short or medium-term supply risks. I am delighted that the annual publication " World Mining data " has served for 35 years as a valuable basis for renowned national and international institutions, contributing to commodity forecasts. In this way, the Austrian Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Regions and Tourism provides an important contribution to international resource policy. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Austrian representations abroad as well as to international institutions for their support and active participation regarding this publication.

6 "Gl ck auf!" ( Good luck ) Elisabeth K stinger Federal Minister of Agriculture, Regions and Tourism Elisabeth K stinger Federal Minister ! " ## $ " #% % " & ' ( & ) & & *+ $ ,* * ,! + ,! $ ,#* # ,+ , ! "# $ % & '( ) " - . - - /# $ * '& ) "& - 0 - & - " - 1 - 2 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 -6))- . - 0 - 7 # + ) " & # % ) "" - " - 8 - 2 - 2 - 9 - -4 - 0 - 0 - . # ) & "0 1 - 1 : 1 , - . / 0 1 234 51 43 5' 3 51 $3! 51 ! 3 51 3 5 6 78(6 9 ( $ ' 6 ;0&1 & <+ * ,% , ,# # , $ ,6 3 ' 8 =& 23 5 3 52 > 3 ' ?

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

8 + + & . , + + + , + & . ! 5 , ++ % & - , " ,6 # +7 ( - " 7 ! 7 . $ 8 8 % 7 % = > ' 5 ' ' # + :.-0:./0/.-0' # + % ( - " $ % " , & . , + : - / - / - ' ( % &!% ' # World Mining data 2020 7 Table of Contents 1 Mineral Raw 9 2 Definitions .. 10 3 Details on Contents, Weights, Measures and Values .. 13 4 Regional and Sectoral Groups .. 17 Development Status of P roducer Countries .. 17 Regional Groups of Producer Countries .. 19 Economic Blocks o r Cartel-like Associations .. 20 Political Stability of Producer Countries.)))

9 23 Minerals Production by GNI (Gross National I ncome) of Producer Count ries .. 24 Concentration of P roducer Countries .. 25 5 data Captu 26 27 6 World Production of Mineral Raw M aterials .. 31 Total World P roduction .. 31 Total Minerals Production, by 31 Total Minerals Production, by World Regions (according to IIASA) .. 33 Total Minerals Production, by Development Status of Producer Countries .. 35 Total Minerals Production, by Country Groups and Economic Blocks .. 36 Total Minerals Production, by Political Stability of Producer Countries.

10 38 Total Minerals Production, by Groups of Commodities .. 39 Mineral 41 Total Production in metr. t .. 41 Total Production in tons of coal equivalent (TCE).. 42 Total Minerals Production 2018, by 44 by Production in metr. 44 by Value in Million USD (not included Diamonds) .. 47 8 World Mining data 2020 World Production of Mineral Raw Materials, by Mineral Raw Materials .. 51 Iron and Ferro-Alloy Metals .. 51 Non-Ferrous 51 Precious Metals .. 52 Industrial 52 Mineral 53 World Production of Mineral Raw Materials, by Development Status, Income, Political Stability of the Producer Countries (according to World Bank), Country Groups and Economic Blocks.