World Plastics Production 1950 – 2015 - ISO

1 World Plastics Production 1950 2015. in Mio. t Plastics are a global 350 success story. 2015: ~322. Continuous growth 300 2011: ~280 for more than 50 years. Plastics Production 2009: 250. 250. ramped up from World Mio. t in 1950 to ~322. 2002: 200 Mio. t 200 in 2015. In 2015 global plastic's Production grew 150 by compared to 2014. 1989: 100. 100. Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) from 1950 to 1977: 50. 2015 is about 50. 1950: 0. 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020. Includes Thermoplastics, Polyurethanes, Thermosets, Elastomers, Adhesives, Coatings and Sealants and PP-Fibers. Not included PET-, PA- and Polyacryl-Fibers Source: PlasticsEurope Market Research Group (PEMRG) / Consultic Marketing & Industrieberatung GmbH. 1. World Plastics Production 2006 - 2015.

2 Asia Middle Middle with the leading country East, Latin Africa East, Latin Africa China (28%) mean-while America 6%. 5% NAFTA. America 7% NAFTA accounts for more than 4% 19%. Rest of 23%. 49% of worldwide Asia Rest of Production . 14% Asia 17%. Europe Japan (WE + Europe and NAFTA. 6% Japan CEE). 4% 18% are on a similar level each Europe (WE + with a share of around CEE) CIS. China 22% 3% 18%~19%. 21% CIS China 2% 28%. Within a few years, China has risen to the most important Plastics producer. All other regions 2006 2015 lost global Production 205 Mio. t* 269 Mio. t* shares *w/o Other Plastics (ncludes Thermosets, Elastomers, Adhesives, Coatings and Sealants and PP-Fibers. Not included PET-, PA- and Polyacryl-Fibers), 2014 = ~53 Mio. t Source: PlasticsEurope Market Research Group (PEMRG) / Consultic Marketing & Industrieberatung GmbH.

3 2. World Plastics Materials Demand 2015 by Types Other Polyolefins Thermopl. account for more than PUR 4%. PET 6% ldpe , LLDPE 55%. 17%. PC 7% of global Plastics Materials PA 1%. 1%. demand. ABS, ASA, SAN. 3%. PVC. HDPE is the second largest resin PS, EPS. 7% 15% type following Polyolefins. Standard Plastics (Polyolefins, PVC, PVC. 16% PS & EPS, PET) account PP for approx. 85% of the 23% total demand.. 2015. 269 Mio. t*. *w/o Other Plastics (includes Thermosets, Elastomers, Adhesives, Coatings and Sealants and PP-Fibers. Not included PET-, PA- and Polyacryl-Fibers) = ~53 Mio. t Source: PlasticsEurope Market Research Group (PEMRG) / Consultic Marketing & Industrieberatung GmbH. 3. World Thermoplastics Demand by Types 2015. Standard Plastics Engineering dominate the global Standard Plastics Plastics market in tons Around 10 %of the PS; globally demanded EPS POM PBT, PET** Plastics are Engineering PP PET* ABS, Plastics Others SAN HDPE.

4 Blends ldpe , LLDPE PA. PVC PC. 229 Mio. t ~ 25 Mio. t *PET Bottle grade **PET Injection grade Source: PlasticsEurope Market Research Group (PEMRG) / Consultic Marketing & Industrieberatung GmbH. 4. World Benchmark Plastics / Steel 2015. billion litre Plastics in 1989, passed steel Production by volume 300 Plastics Global Production 2015 : 250. Plastics : Plastics Production > Steel Production 322 Mio. t =. 200 322 billion litre Steel: 150. 1,623 Mio. t =. 203 billion litre 100. Steel*. Calculation Model: 50 1 kg Plastics = 1 litre 8 kg steel = 1 litre 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020. Source: Stahl-Zentrum/International Iron and Steel Institute (IISI), PlasticsEurope Market Research Group (PEMRG) / Consultic Marketing & Industrieberatung GmbH. 5. Thermoplastics Market Share 2015.

5 Triangle of Thermoplastics Standard Plastics Classified by Market Share are the basics materials. Polyolefins High Performance Polymers <1% (< 1 Mio t). are the largest product group. Engineering Plastics ~10% (~ Mio t) polyethylene : 34%. Polypropylene: 24%. PS & EPS. Standard Thermo- ~90% (~229 Mio t). Plastics PET Engineering Plastics are a small but valuable PP. part of the market. PE High Performance PVC Polymers are specialized for very demanding applications. 6. Source: PlasticsEurope Market Research Group (PEMRG) / Consultic Marketing & Industrieberatung GmbH. Europe (EU 28 + 2). Recovery of Plastics Waste 2014. Switzerland 9 countries in Europe reached a Austria recovery ratio of more than 95%. Countries Netherlands of the Post-consumer Plastic Germany Waste.

6 With Sweden landfill Luxembourg These countries have a landfill ban Denmark ban. Belgium Norway Also 6 of these countries are Ireland amongst the 11 countries with the Finland Estonia highest recycling rates (>30%). Slovenia France Portugal Italy UK Slovakia Therefore divert from Czechia landfill boosts higher Lithuania recovery and recycling Spain quantities, also of waste Poland streams, which have not been Hungary Romania Overall recovery ratio recovered so far. Latvia by weight for EU 28+2: Croatia Bulgaria (referred to Post- Greece Consumer Plastic Waste). Cyprus Recycling Malta Energy recovery 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%. Source: Consultic Marketing & Industrieberatung GmbH. 7. Europe (EU 28 + 2). Recovery of Plastics Waste 2014. Total Plastics waste and recovery 2006 - 2014.

7 Development CAGR CAGR Development 2006-2014 2006-2014 2014 vs. 2012. 30 Mio. t Total Waste 25 Mio. t Generation + + Recovery 20 Mio. t + + 15 Mio. t Recycling + 10 Mio. t Energy + + Recovery 5 Mio. t Disposal/. Landfill 0 Mio. t -10% 0% 10% -10% 0% 10%. In the period 2006-2014 the analysis of waste generation shows a slight growth. Besides economical impacts, plastic parts with lower weight ( plastic bottles) play a significant role in that process. After the economical crisis, the waste quantity rose from 2009 to 2014 by about mill. tons during the last five years. While disposal quantities decreased by ~ million tons in the last eight years, recovery quantities rose by mio. tons up to mio. tons. Source: Consultic Marketing & Industrieberatung GmbH. 8.