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World Report 2021 - Defending Human Rights Worldwide

Human Rights WATCH 2021 EVENTS OF 2020 World REPORTHUMAN Rights WATCH Human Rights WATCH 350 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10118-3299 31st annual World Report summarizes Human Rights conditions in nearly 100 countries and territories Worldwide in 2020. It reflects extensive investigative work that Human Rights Watch staff conducted during the year, often in close partnership with domestic Human Rights OF 2020 World REPORTH uman Rights Watch defends the Rights of people scrupulously investigate abuses, expose facts widely, and pressure those with power to respect Rights and secure justice. Human Rights Watch is an independent, international organization that works as part of a vibrant movement to uphold Human dignity and advance the cause of Human Rights for all.

against Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar’s Rakhine State, which sent 730,000 Ro- hingya fleeing to neighboring Bangladesh. In 2018, the OIC joined with the …

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Transcription of World Report 2021 - Defending Human Rights Worldwide

1 Human Rights WATCH 2021 EVENTS OF 2020 World REPORTHUMAN Rights WATCH Human Rights WATCH 350 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10118-3299 31st annual World Report summarizes Human Rights conditions in nearly 100 countries and territories Worldwide in 2020. It reflects extensive investigative work that Human Rights Watch staff conducted during the year, often in close partnership with domestic Human Rights OF 2020 World REPORTH uman Rights Watch defends the Rights of people scrupulously investigate abuses, expose facts widely, and pressure those with power to respect Rights and secure justice. Human Rights Watch is an independent, international organization that works as part of a vibrant movement to uphold Human dignity and advance the cause of Human Rights for all.

2 Human Rights Watch began in 1978 with the founding of its Europe and Central Asia division (then known as Helsinki Watch). Today it also includes divisions covering Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe and Central Asia, the Middle East and North Africa, and the United States. There are thematic divisions or programs on arms; business and Human Rights ; children s Rights ; crisis and conflict; disability Rights ; the environment and Human Rights ; international justice; lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender Rights ; refugee Rights ; and women s Rights . The organization maintains offices in Amman, Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Bishkek, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Hong Kong, Johannesburg, Kiev, Kinshasa, London, Los Angeles, Miami, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, S o Paulo, Seoul, Silicon Valley, Stockholm, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich, and field presences in more than 50 other locations globally.

3 Human Rights Watch is an independent, nongovernmental organization, supported by contributions from private individuals and foundations Worldwide . It accepts no government funds, directly or indirectly. Copyright 2021 Human Rights Watch All Rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN is 978-1-64421-028-4 Cover photo: Kai Ayden, age 7, marches in a protest against police brutality in Atlanta, Georgia on May 31, 2020 following the death of George Floyd in police custody. 2020 Elijah Nouvelage/Getty Images Cover and book design by Rafael Jim Rights WATCH Egypt ..207 El Salvador ..217 Eritrea.

4 225 Eswatini ..231 European Union ..241 France ..253 Georgia ..261 Germany ..267 Greece ..274 Guatemala ..281 Haiti ..296 Hungary ..312 Iran ..336 Iraq ..345 Israel/Palestine ..353 Italy ..363 Japan ..369 Jordan ..377 Kazakhstan ..383 Kenya ..390 Kuwait ..400 Kyrgyzstan ..405 Lebanon ..413 Malaysia ..428 Table of Contents Biden s Challenge: Redeeming a US Role for Human Rights 1 by Kenneth Roth COUNTRIES 21 Algeria ..28 Angola ..34 Argentina ..38 Armenia ..47 Australia ..54 Azerbaijan.

5 63 Bahrain ..70 Belarus ..84 Bolivia ..92 Bosnia and Herzegovina ..100 Burkina Faso ..117 Burundi ..123 Cameroon ..135 Canada ..141 Central African Republic ..149 Colombia ..175 Cuba ..186 Democratic Republic of TABLE OF CONTENTSWORLD Report 2021 Tajikistan ..648 Turkmenistan ..674 United Arab Emirates ..681 Uganda ..687 Ukraine ..692 United Kingdom ..699 United Uzbekistan ..725 Venezuela ..732 Yemen ..749 Zimbabwe ..757 Maldives ..434 Mali ..441 Mauritania ..447 Mexico ..452 Morocco ..463 Mozambique ..470 Myanmar ..475 Nepal ..485 Nicaragua ..492 North Korea ..507 Oman ..514 Pakistan ..518 Papua New Guinea.

6 526 Peru ..532 Philippines ..541 Poland ..547 Russia ..559 Rwanda ..572 Saudi Arabia ..578 Singapore ..589 Somalia ..594 South Africa ..601 South Korea ..606 South Sudan ..611 Spain ..618 Sri Lanka ..625 Sudan ..630 Syria ..637 TABLE OF CONTENTSWORLD Report 2021 Biden s Challenge: Redeeming a US Role for Human Rights By Kenneth Roth, Executive Director After four years of a president who was indifferent and often hostile to Human Rights , the November 2020 election of Joe Biden to the presidency of the United States provides an opportunity for a fundamental change of course. Donald Trump was a disaster for Human Rights .

7 At home, he flouted legal obliga-tions that allow people fearing for their lives to seek refuge, ripped migrant chil-dren from their parents, empowered white supremacists, acted to undermine the democratic process, and fomented hatred against racial and religious minorities. He also closed his eyes to systemic racism in policing, removed legal protections for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people, revoked environmen-tal protections for clean air and water, and sought to undermine the right to health, especially for sexual and reproductive health and older people. Abroad, he cozied up to one friendly autocrat after another at the expense of their abused populations, promoted the sale of weapons to governments implicated in war crimes, and attacked or withdrew from key international initiatives to de-fend Human Rights , promote international justice, advance public health, and forestall climate change.

8 This destructive combination eroded the credibility of the US government even when it did speak out against abuses. Condemnations of Venezuela, Cuba, or Iran rang hollow when parallel praise was bestowed on Russia, Egypt, Saudi Ara-bia, or Israel. Support for religious freedom abroad was undermined by Islamo-phobic policy at home. The Trump administration did impose targeted sanctions and other punishments on the Chinese government and corporate entities for their involvement in Human Rights violations, but its own weak record on Human Rights , its evident mixed motives in criticizing Beijing, and Trump s scapegoating of China for his own pandemic failings left these interventions anything but prin-cipled, making working with allies difficult.

9 Yet it would be naive to treat a Biden presidency as a panacea. In recent decades, the arrival of each new White House resident has brought wild oscilla-tions in US Human Rights policy. George W. Bush s global war on terror, with its 1 Human Rights WATCHWORLD Report 2021simply to reverse the damage to Human Rights done by his predecessor, but also to make it more difficult for future presidents to retreat yet again. One step would be to reinforce a commitment to Human Rights by legislation, which the narrow Democratic majorities in both Houses of Congress may make possible. Ideally, Biden could press for ratification of core Human Rights treaties that the US government has long neglected, but finding the necessary two-thirds support in the Senate will be difficult.

10 Biden should certainly allow justice to pur-sue its course with respect to Trump to show that the president is not above the law, resisting the look forward, not back rationale that Obama used to ignore torture under Bush. Like some of his predecessors, Biden can make short-term improvements by executive action, but as in the past, that is vulnerable to being undone by a future US president with less regard for Human Rights . Ultimately, the goal for Biden should be to change the narrative on Human Rights in a more fundamental way on both US domestic and foreign policy. A simple return to the ways of Obama a so-called third Obama term will not be enough.


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