API 650 EXTERNAL PRESSURE DESIGN APPENDIX

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API 650 EXTERNAL PRESSURE DESIGN APPENDIX . John M. Lieb, Tank Industry Consultants November, 2003. Introduction: In the near future, API will publish an APPENDIX to API 650 that will prescribe requirements for the DESIGN of tanks that operate at negative PRESSURE (or vacuum). This paper discusses: The background on the development of the new APPENDIX . Why and how did it come about? The scope of the document as defined by the Process Industry Practices group. The technical basis of the APPENDIX . Where do the rules come from? The loading conditions and combinations addressed by the APPENDIX . How is EXTERNAL PRESSURE combined with roof live load and wind load, The equations and formulas that are provided for the DESIGN of tank components.

Power of External Pressure: The damage that can be done to tanks by external pressure is similar, whether the damage is caused by wind pressure or by negative internal gas pressure, as the photos that follow will illustrate. Normally, wind damage tends to be less extreme than negative internal pressure because wind is

  Internal, External, Api 650 external