Behaviorism, Cognitivism, Constructivism: …

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43PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT QUARTERLY,26(2) PP. 43 71 2013 International Society for Performance ImprovementPublished online in Wiley Online Library ( ). DOI: , cognitivism , constructivism : Comparing Critical Features From an Instructional Design PerspectivePeggy A. Ertmer and Timothy J. NewbyThe need for a bridge between basic learn-ing research and educational practice has long been discussed. To ensure a strong connection between these two areas, Dewey (cited in Reigeluth, 1983) called for the creation and development of a linking science ; Tyler (1978) a middleman position ; and Lynch (1945) foremploying an engineering analogy as an aid for translating theory into practice. In each case, the respective author highlighted the informa-tion and potential contributions of available learn-ing theories, the pressing problems faced by those dealing with practical learning issues, and a general lack of using the former to facilitate solutions for the latter.

Volume 26, Number 2 / 2013 DOI: 10.1002/piq 45 same phenomena (learning). In selecting the theory whose associated instructional strategies off ers the optimal means for achieving desired

  Theory, Constructivism, Cognitivism