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Chapter14MODULATIONINTRODUCTIONAswehaves eeninpreviousthreechapters, ,thesourceinformationisimpresseduponacar rier-wave(essentiallyasinusoidofacertain frequency) ( ,audio,voltagepulsetraincarryingdigitali nformation) forexample,therepresentationofsampledsig nalsbytheamplitude, (2,6,9)thatwecanwritethissinusoidalcarri ersignalas:c(t)=Acos(2 fct+ )( )Here,Aiscalledtheamplitudeand ,dataareusedtomodulateorchangeitsamplitu de,frequency, , (digitalmodulation) ,wealsodescribeaspecialcaseofdigitalmodu lationthatisveryimportantfortransmission ofinformationusingmodems quadratureamplitudemodulation(QAM) atechniquecalled675676ThePhysicalLayerof CommunicationsSystemsorthogonalfrequency divisionmultiplexing(OFDM).

14.3 DIGITAL MODULATION In Chapter 8, we briefly considered a model of a digital communication system where we have a source, a source encoder, and a channel encoder on the transmitter side and the corresponding channel decoder, source decoder and …

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