DC Parameters: Input Offset Voltage (V - Texas Instruments
Application ReportSLOA059 March 20011DC Parameters: Input Offset Voltage (VIO)Richard PalmerAdvanced Analog ProductsABSTRACTThe Input Offset Voltage , VIO, is a common dc parameter in operational amplifier (op amp)specifications. This report aims to familiarize the engineer by discussing the basics andmodern aspects of VIOby providing a definition and a detailed explanation of causes ofVIOfor BJT, BiFET, and CMOS devices. Discussion centers around measurementtechniques, data sheet specifications, and the effect of VIOon circuit design and the trimmethods to correct Offset Voltage Temperature Drift in the Major Device Types.
2 Input Offset Voltage Defined The input offset voltage is defined as the voltage that must be applied between the two input terminals of the op amp to obtain zero volts at the output. Ideally the output of the op amp should be at zero volts when the inputs are grounded. In reality the input terminals are at slightly different dc potentials.
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