DEVELOPMENTAL SEQUENCE IN SMALL GROUPS
Psychological Bulletin1965, Vol. 63, No. 6, 384-399DEVELOPMENTAL SEQUENCE IN SMALL GROUPS1BRUCE W. TUCKMANNaval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland50 articles dealing with stages of group development over time are separated bygroup setting, as follows: therapy-group studies, T-group studies, and natural-and laboratory-group studies. The stages identified in these articles are separatedinto those descriptive of social or interpersonal group activities and thosedescriptive of group-task activities. Finally, 4 general stages of developmentare proposed, and the review consists of fitting the stages identified in theliterature to those proposed.
this person, persons, or standards for guidance and support in this new and unstructured sit-uation. The first stage of task-activity development is labeled as orientation to the task, in which group members attempt to identify the task in terms of its relevant parameters and the man-ner in which the group experience will be used to accomplish ...
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