Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)

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1 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) OUTLINE: ABSTRATC ........................................ ........................................ ..1 1- 2- GNSS 3- GNSS SIGNALS ........................................ ................................... 13 4- SIGNAL PROCESSING AND receiver DESIGN .....................................14 5- REFERENCE SYSTEMS ........................................ .............................. 16 6- OBSERVATION 19 7- WIRELESS SYSTEMS AND GNSS 8- CONCLUSION ........................................ .......................................3 3 9- Glossary ........................................ ........................................ .......... 34 36 ABSTRACT Recently, there is an increase interest in positioning techniques based on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) such as Global Positioning System (GPS), cellular network infrastructure or on the integration of the two technologies for a wide spread of applications such as Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL), tracking systems, Navigation , Pedestrian Navigation Systems (PNSs), intelligent transportation Systems, precise positioning and emergency callers.

monitoring applications. It provides particularly coded satellite signals that can be processed in a GPS receiver, allowing the receiver to estimate position, velocity and time (Hofmann-Wellenhof et al., 2001). There are four GPS satellite signals that are used to compute positions in three dimensions and the time offset in the receiver clock.

  Receiver, Satellite