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IGCSE Complete Chemistry Notes According to Syllabus Source: | Special thanks to ThatReallyReallyWeirdDude IGCSE Chemistry Textbook IGCSE Chemistry Syllabus Compilation by : WooWooWoo 2 Compiled by WooWooWoo Chapter 1: The Particulate nature of matter Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. There are 3 states of matter, solids, liquids and gases. Solids: The particles are packed closely together. The forces between particles are strong enough so that the particles cannot move freely but can only vibrate. As a result, a solid has a stable, definite shape, and a definite volume. Solids can only change their shape by force, as when broken or cut. In crystalline solids, the particles (atoms, molecules, or ions) are packed in a regularly ordered, repeating pattern.

So if you record the temperature change during heating a solid, the temperature will first rise, then it will remain constant for a while (this is the melting point) and then it will rise again. The following figure is a heating curve of a solid. At point ‘A’ the state is …

  Heating, Curves, Curve heating