The Biopsychosocial Model of Addiction - Masaryk University

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CHAPTER6The Biopsychosocial Model of AddictionMonica C. Skewes*, Vivian M. Gonzalez$* University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA,$ University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USAOUTLINEBiopsychosocial vs. Biomedical Models of Addiction 61Conceptual Models of Addictive Behavior62Biopsychosocial Model of Addiction62Biological Factors and the Development ofAddictive Behaviors63Psychosocial Factors and the Development ofAddictive Behaviors64Risk Factors in Children64Personality and Temperament64Classical and Operant Conditioning64Outcome Expectancies65Self-efficacy66Social Influences on Substance Use66Families66Peers66Spouses and Intimate Partners67Other Individual Difference Variables that InfluenceSubstance Use67Ethnicity and Culture67Gender67Environmental Influences on Substance Use67The Biopsychosocial Model and AddictionTreatment68Natural Recovery68Medication68Psychosocial Factors in the Treatment of Addiction 69Readiness to Change69Self-efficacy69Summary69BIOPSYCH OSOCIAL VS.

ment model holds that the person is responsible for developing the addiction, but is not responsible for solving the problem. The enlightenment model is espoused by Alcoholics Anonymous and other 12-step philosophies, and requires people to seek recovery by turning the problem over to a higher power. Only

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