Ductile-Iron Pipe and Fittings - American Water Works ...

8.2 The Thrust Force, 81 8.3 Thrust Blocks, 82 8.4 Restrained Joints, 85 8.5 Restraint Design for Vertical Bends, Tees, Reducers, and Dead Ends, 93 8.6 Encroaching Restrained Lengths, 97 8.7 Restrained Length, 99 8.8 Select Backfill Considerations, 99 8.9 Combining Thrust Blocks and Restrained Joints, 101 8.10 Pipe in a Casing, 101

  Design, Restraints, Thrust, Restraint design