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1 HEAT CONDUCTION - Elsevier.com

1/2/2007 11: 36 Page 1. 1 HEAT. CONDUCTION . Contents Introduction 2. Fourier's Law of Heat CONDUCTION 2. The Heat CONDUCTION Equation 6. thermal Resistance 15. The CONDUCTION Shape Factor 19. Unsteady-State CONDUCTION 24. Mechanisms of Heat CONDUCTION 31. 1/2/2007 11: 36 Page 2. 1/2 H E AT C O N D U CT I O N. Introduction Heat CONDUCTION is one of the three basic modes of thermal energy transport (convection and radiation being the other two) and is involved in virtually all process heat-transfer operations. In commercial heat exchange equipment, for example, heat is conducted through a solid wall (often a tube wall) that separates two fluids having different temperatures . Furthermore, the concept of thermal resistance, which follows from the fundamental equations of heat CONDUCTION , is widely used in the analysis of problems arising in the design and operation of industrial equipment.

The thermal conductivity is a property of the material and, as such, it is not really a constant, but rather it depends on the thermodynamic state of the material, i.e., on the temperature and pressure of the material. However, for solids, liquids, and low-pressure gases, the pressure dependence is usually negligible.

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