Transcription of 10 India After Independence
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OUR PASTS III128 India After Independence10A New and Divided NationWhen India became independent in August 1947, itfaced a series of very great challenges. As a result ofPartition, 8 million refugees had come into the countryfrom what was now Pakistan. These people had to befound homes and jobs. Then there was the problemof the princely states, almost 500 of them, each ruledby a maharaja or a nawab, each of whom had to bepersuaded to join the new nation. The problems of therefugees and of the princely states had to be addressedimmediately. In the longer term, the new nation had toadopt a political system that would best serve the hopesand expectations of its 1 Fig.
of Sikhs and Christians, as well as many Parsis and Jains. Under the new Constitution, they would have the same rights as Hindus – the same opportunities when it came to seeking jobs in government or the private sector, the same rights before the law. A third feature of the Constitution was that it offered
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