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16 Statistical thermodynamics 1 - USTC

Statisticalthermodynamics 1:the conceptsStatistical thermodynamics provides the link between the microscopic properties of matterand its bulk properties. Two key ideas are introduced in this chapter. The first is the Boltzmanndistribution, which is used to predict the populations of states in systems at thermal equilibrium. In this chapter we see its derivation in terms of the distribution of particles overavailable states. The derivation leads naturally to the introduction of the partition function,which is the central mathematical concept of this and the next chapter.

derivation of the Boltzmann distribution for individual particles, is of restricted applicability, but it has the advantage of taking us directly to a result of central import-ance in a straightforward and elementary way. We can use statistical thermodynamics once we have deduced the Boltzmann distribution. Then (in Section 16.5) we extend

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