Transcription of 2. CHEMISTRY OF DISINFECTANTS AND DISINFECTANT BY …
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2. CHEMISTRY OF DISINFECTANTS AND DISINFECTANT BY …
272. CHEMISTRY OF DISINFECTANTS ANDDISINFECTANT use of chlorine (Cl2) as a water DISINFECTANT has come underscrutiny because of its potential to react with natural organic matter(NOM) and form chlorinated DISINFECTANT by-products (DBPs). Withinthis context, NOM serves as the organic DBP precursor, whereas bro-mide ion (Br ) serves as the inorganic precursor. Treatment strategiesgenerally available to water systems exceeding drinking-water standardsinclude removing DBP precursors and using alternative disinfectantsfor primary and/or secondary (distribution system) DISINFECTANT options that show promise are chloramines(NH2Cl, monochloramine), chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and ozone (O3).While ozone can serve as a primary DISINFECTANT only and chloraminesas a secondary DISINFECTANT only, both chlorine and chlorine dioxide canserve as either primary or secondary presents the significant advantage of virtually elimi-nating the formation of chlorination by-products and, unlike chlorine,does not react with phenols to create taste- and odo
decomposing with the slow formation of chlorite and chlorate: 2ClO 2 + H 2O 6 ClO 2 – + ClO 3 – + 2H+ Chlorine dioxide has an absorption spectrum with a maximum at 359 nm, with a molar absorptivity of 1250 mol–1 litre–1 cm–1. This extinction coefficient is independent of temperature, pH, chloride and ionic strength.
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