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Adsorption Basics: Part 1 - AIChE

48 July 2017 CEPBack to BasicsAdsorption takes advantage of the tendency of one or more components of a liquid or gas to collect on the surface of a solid. This tendency can be leveraged to remove solutes from a liquid or gas or to separate compo-nents that have different affinities for the solid. The process objective may be either waste treatment or the purification of valuable components of a feed stream. In an Adsorption process, the solid is called the adsorbent and the solute is known as the adsorbate. Commercial adsorbents are highly porous, with pore sur-face areas ranging from about 100 to 1,200 m2/g. The large surface area allows a large amount of Adsorption relative to the weight of the adsorbent, well in excess of its own weight in some cases.

The length of the mass-transfer zone or, equivalently, the difference between breakthrough and equilibration times, depends on the mass-transfer rate. For example, in Figure 4, the mass-transfer rate for Curve 2 is higher than the rate for Curve 1, and the increase in adsorbate concen-/ 1 1 / (the .

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