Aggregates for Concrete

The importance of using the right type and quality ofaggregates cannot be overemphasized. The fine andcoarse Aggregates generally occupy 60% to 75% of theconcrete volume (70% to 85% by mass) and strongly influ-ence the Concrete s freshly mixed and hardened proper-ties, mixture proportions, and economy. Fine Aggregates (Fig. 5-1) generally consist of natural sand or crushedstone with most particles smaller than 5 mm ( in.).Coarse Aggregates (Fig. 5-2) consist of one or a com-CHAPTER 5 Aggregates for Concretebination of gravels or crushed stone with particlespredominantly larger than 5 mm ( in.) and generallybetween mm and mm (3 8in. and 11 2in.). Somenatural aggregate deposits, called pit-run gravel , consistof gravel and sand that can be readily used in concreteafter minimal processing.

aggregates—sand, gravel, crushed stone, and air-cooled blast-furnace slag—produce freshly mixed normal-weight concrete with a density (unit weight) of 2200 to 2400 kg/m. 3 (140 to 150 lb/ft. 3). Aggregates of expanded shale, clay, slate, and slag (Fig. 5-3) are used to produce struc-tural lightweight concrete with a freshly mixed density

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  Sand, Stones, Crushed, Gravel, Crushed stone

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