Appendix A Pavement Distress Types and Causes

Appendix APavement Distress Types and CausesThis Appendix provides descriptions of the Types and Causes of the distresses that occur inasphalt, concrete, and asphalt-overlaid concrete pavements, and asphalt and concreteshoulders. Many of the photos used in this Appendix are from the LTPPD istress Pavement DistressesFatigue (Alligator) CrackingFatigue (also called alligator) cracking , which is caused by fatigue damage, is the principalstructural Distress which occurs in asphalt pavements with granular and weakly stabilizedbases. Alligator cracking first appears as parallel longitudinal cracks in the wheelpaths, andprogresses into a network of interconnecting cracks resembling chicken wire or the skin of analligator.

Block Cracking and Thermal Cracking Block cracking is the cracking of an asphalt pavement into rectangular pieces ranging from about 1 ft to 10 ft on a side. Block cracking occurs over large paved areas such as parking lots,

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