Betatrons - MIT

Betatrons32611 BetatronsThe betatron [ Kerst, Phys. , 841 (1940)] is a circular induction accelerator usedfor electron acceleration. The word betatron derives from the fact that high-energy electrons areoften called$-particles. Like the linear induction accelerator, the betatron is the circuitequivalent of a step-up transformer. The main difference from the linear induction accelerator isthat magnetic bending and focusing fields are added to confine electrons to circular orbits aroundthe isolation core. The beam acts as a multi-turn secondary. A single-pulsed power modulatoroperating at a few kilovolts drives the input; the output beam energy may exceed 100 MeV. Themaximum electron kinetic energy achieved by Betatrons is about 300 MeV. The energy limit isdetermined in part by the practical size of pulsed magnets and in part by synchrotron principles of the betatron are introduced in Section The similarities between thepower circuits of the linear induction accelerator, the recirculating induction linear accelerator,and the betatron are emphasized.

Betatrons 331 dE b (eV0/2 R) 2E b/mi t. (11.4) dE ½ b/E b (V0/2 R) 2e2/m i t. (11.5) 2. The beam in an induction accelerator makes a single pass through the machine. The equivalent circuit is a transformer with a single-turn secondary and multiple parallel primary

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